Training effects on dual-task performance: are there age-related differences in plasticity of attentional control?
Abstract
A number of studies have suggested that attentional control skills required to perform 2 tasks concurrently become impaired with age (A. A. Hartley, 1992; J. M. McDowd & R. J. Shaw, 2000). A. A. Hartley (2001) recently observed that the age-related differences in dual-task performance were larger when the 2 tasks required similar motor responses. The present study examined the extent to which age-related deficits in dual-task performance or time sharing--in particular, dual-task performance of 2 discrimination tasks with similar motor requirements--can be moderated by training. The results indicate that, even when the 2 tasks required similar motor responses, both older and younger adults could learn to perform the tasks faster and more accurately. Moreover, the improvement in performance generalized to new task combinations involving new stimuli. Therefore, it appears that training can substantially improve dual-task processing skills in older adults.
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In Kramer et al. studies, older adults given variable-priority training showed faster acquisition, higher mastery, higher retention after 2 months, and better transfer to novel dual tasks than those given fixed-priority training.
“older adults in the variable-priority training group, as compared to individuals trained with fixed priorities, showed faster rates of acquisition of dual-task performance, higher levels of mastery on the trained dual tasks, higher levels of retention after 2 months, and, most importantly, better transfer to novel dual tasks”
From Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced? (2008) · cites this paper as Bherer et al., 2005
The potential generalization of training might be enhanced by the use of different tasks recruiting the particular targeted process.
“the potential generalization of the training might be enhanced by the use of different tasks recruiting the particular targeted process.”
From Training on Working Memory and Inhibitory Control in Young Adults (2016) · cites this paper as Bherer et al., 2005
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- Authors
- Bherer, L., Kramer, A. F., Peterson, M. S., Colcombe, S., Erickson, K., & Becic, E.
- Affiliations
- Université du Québec à Montréal (CA)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- George Mason University (US)
- Venue
- Psychology and Aging
- Published
- 2005-12
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 695-709
- ISSN
- 0882-7974 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1498
- OpenAlex
- W2158487083
- Cited by
- 312
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 12.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology and Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG025032, R01AG25032, AG25667)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- dual-task performance, attentional control, aging, cognitive training, time-sharing, older adults, discrimination task, transfer of training, cognitive plasticity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aging, Attention, Brain, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Learning, Male, Neuronal Plasticity, Neuropsychological Tests, Reaction Time
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