Can an old dog learn (and want to experience) new tricks? Cognitive training increases openness to experience in older adults.
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The present study investigated whether an intervention aimed to increase cognitive ability in older adults also changes the personality trait of openness to experience. Older adults completed a 16-week program in inductive reasoning training supplemented by weekly crossword and Sudoku puzzles. Changes in openness to experience were modeled across four assessments over 30 weeks using latent growth curve models. Results indicate that participants in the intervention condition increased in the trait of openness compared with a waitlist control group. The study is one of the first to demonstrate that personality traits can change through nonpsychopharmocological interventions.
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There is also substantial evidence that transfer fails to occur.
“While there are numerous reports of transfer in the literature, there is also substantial evidence for failure of transfer (Thompson et al. 2013; Jackson et al. 2012).”
From Divergent Research Methods Limit Understanding of Working Memory Training (2020) · cites this paper as Jackson et al. 2012
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- Authors
- Jackson, J. J., Hill, P. L., Payne, B. R., Roberts, B. W., & Stine-Morrow, E. A. L.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Venue
- Psychology and Aging
- Published
- 2012-06
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 286-292
- ISSN
- 0882-7974 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1498
- PMC
- PMC3330146
- OpenAlex
- W2084046571
- Cited by
- 265
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 28.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychology and Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01 AG029475 and AG21178)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- openness to experience, personality change, cognitive training, older adults, crossword puzzles, Sudoku, cognitive aging, non-pharmacological treatment
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Attitude, Cognition, Educational Measurement, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality, Personality Assessment, Problem Solving, Programmed Instructions as Topic, Self Concept, Thinking, Models, Statistical, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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