The function of dream sleep
Abstract
We propose that the function of dream sleep (more properly rapid-eye movement or REM sleep) is to remove certain undesirable modes of interaction in networks of cells in the cerebral cortex. We postulate that this is done in REM sleep by a reverse learning mechanism (see also p. 158), so that the trace in the brain of the unconscious dream is weakened, rather than strengthened, by the dream.
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Francis Crick and Graeme Mitchinson proposed in 1983 an alternative purpose for dreams called 'reverse learning,' in which dreaming removes undesirable connections and helps the brain unlearn.
“Notably, Francis Crick and Graeme Mitchinson proposed an alternative purpose for dreams in 1983, which they called “reverse learning.”82,83 In this hypothesis, the point of dreaming is somehow to remove “undesirable” connections and help the brain “unlearn.””
From The overfitted brain: Dreams evolved to assist generalization (2021) · cites this paper as [82]
The findings speak against the view posed by Crick and Mitchison.
“Overall, these findings speak against the view posed by Crick and Mitchison (236).”
From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [236]
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- Authors
- Crick, F., & Mitchison, G.
- Affiliations
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
- ORCID
- Mitchison, Graeme
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 1983-07
- Volume
- 304
- Issue
- 5922
- Pages
- 111-114
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2044707217
- Cited by
- 865
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 18.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Profiles in Science (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- REM sleep, dream function, cerebral cortex, neural network interactions, reverse learning
- MeSH terms
- Cerebral Cortex, Dreams, Humans, Models, Psychological, Neurons, Sleep, REM, Synapses
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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