A representation of the hazard rate of elapsed time in macaque area LIP
Open accessAbstract
The capacity to anticipate the timing of environmental cues allows us to allocate sensory resources at the right time and prepare actions. Such anticipation requires knowledge of elapsed time and of the probability that an event will occur. Here we show that neurons in the parietal cortex represent the probability, as a function of time, that a salient event is likely to occur. Rhesus monkeys were trained to make eye movements to peripheral targets after a light dimmed. Within a block of trials, the 'go' times were drawn from either a bimodal or unimodal distribution of random numbers. Neurons in the lateral intraparietal area showed anticipatory activity that revealed an internal representation of both elapsed time and the probability that the 'go' signal was about to occur (termed the hazard rate). The results indicate that the parietal cortex contains circuitry for representing the time structure of environmental cues over a range of seconds.
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A recent study demonstrated anticipatory activity revealing an internal representation of both elapsed time and the probability of stimulus occurrence in the macaque parietal lobe during an implicit time-processing task similar to the variable FP paradigm.
“However, a recent study has also demonstrated anticipatory activity revealing an internal representation of both elapsed time and the probability of the stimulus occurrence in the macaque parietal lobe during an implicit time-processing task similar to the variable FP paradigm (Janssen and Shadlen 2005; see also Onoe and others 2001).”
From Role of the Prefrontal Cortex in the Foreperiod Effect: TMS Evidence for Dual Mechanisms in Temporal Preparation (2006) · cites this paper as Janssen and Shadlen 2005
A time-dependent rise of firing rate in LIP and elsewhere has been interpreted as a representation of elapsed time in the form of a hazard rate or anticipation function.
“A time-dependent rise of firing rate in LIP and elsewhere has been interpreted as a representation of elapsed time in the form of a hazard rate or anticipation function 12,33–35.”
From Decision-making with multiple alternatives (2008) · cites this paper as [33]
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“In a number of experiments [36, 37, 38, 10, 11], a first event (a sensory cue, or a motor action such as a lever press) is followed by a second event, such as the delivery of a reward, or a ‘go’ signal triggering the next behavior.”
BackgroundResultInfluential
- Authors
- Janssen, P., & Shadlen, M. N.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Shadlen, Michael N
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2005-01-16
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 234-241
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- OpenAlex
- W2032340480
- Cited by
- 601
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 15.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2005-03-01)
- Open access
- green
- lirias.kuleuven.be
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Vlaamse regering
- National Eye Institute (EY11378, R01EY011378)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR00166, P51RR000166)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- hazard function, lateral intraparietal area, parietal cortex, elapsed time, anticipation, probability of events, temporal prediction, anticipatory activity, eye movements, rhesus monkeys
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Animals, Cues, Discrimination, Psychological, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Models, Neurological, Neurons, Parietal Lobe, Photic Stimulation, Probability, Reaction Time, Time Factors, Time Perception
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