Cited by 197Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesCognitive Abilities and TestingDevelopmental and Educational Neuropsychology

Switching between spatial stimulus–response mappings: a developmental study of cognitive flexibility

Crone, Eveline A., Richard Ridderinkhof, K., Worm, Mijkje, Somsen, Riek J.M., Van Der Molen, Maurits W.·2004·Developmental Science

Abstract

Four different age groups (8-9-year-olds, 11-12-year-olds, 13-15-year-olds and young adults) performed a spatial rule-switch task in which the sorting rule had to be detected on the basis of feedback or on the basis of switch cues. Performance errors were examined on the basis of a recently introduced method of error scoring for the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST; Barcelo & Knight, 2002). This method allowed us to differentiate between errors due to failure-to-maintain-set (distraction errors) and errors due to failure-to-switch-set (perseverative errors). The anticipated age differences in performance errors were most pronounced for perseverative errors between 8-9 years and 11-12 years, but for distraction errors adult levels were not reached until 13-15 years. These findings were interpreted to support the notion that set switching and set maintenance follow distinct developmental trajectories.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2004.00365.x

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Authors
Crone, E. A., Richard Ridderinkhof, K., Worm, M., Somsen, R. J. M., & Van Der Molen, M. W.
Affiliations
University of Amsterdam (NL)
Corresponding author
Crone, Eveline A.
Venue
Developmental Science
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2004-08-16
Volume
7
Issue
4
Pages
443-455
ISSN
  • 1363-755X (ISSN-L)
  • 1467-7687
OpenAlex
W2135167454
Cited by
197
References
63
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 11
FWCI
4.56
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Developmental Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen
  • Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Keywords
cognitive flexibility, set switching, set maintenance, perseverative errors, developmental trajectories, children, adolescents, young adults
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Attention, Child, Child Development, Psychology, Child, Cognition, Discrimination Learning, Female, Humans, Male, Psychological Tests

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