Cited by 418Child Welfare and AdoptionChild Abuse and TraumaInfant Development and Preterm Care

Neurodevelopmental Effects of Early Deprivation in Postinstitutionalized Children

Open access
Pollak, Seth D, Nelson, Charles A, Schlaak, Mary F, Roeber, Barbara J, Wewerka, Sandi S, Wiik, Kristen L, Frenn, Kristin A, Loman, Michelle M +1 more·2010·Child Development

Abstract

The neurodevelopmental sequelae of early deprivation were examined by testing (N = 132) 8- and 9-year-old children who had endured prolonged versus brief institutionalized rearing or rearing in the natal family. Behavioral tasks included measures that permit inferences about underlying neural circuitry. Children raised in institutionalized settings showed neuropsychological deficits on tests of visual memory and attention, as well as visually mediated learning and inhibitory control. Yet, these children performed at developmentally appropriate levels on similar tests where auditory processing was also involved and on tests assessing executive processes such as rule acquisition and planning. These findings suggest that specific aspects of brain-behavioral circuitry may be particularly vulnerable to postnatal experience.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01391.x

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  • Post-institutionalized children may have underlying difficulties with executive processes such as inhibiting automatic responses and storing and processing information in working memory.

    “Recent findings suggest that post-institutionalized (PI) children may have underlying difficulties with executive processes such as inhibiting automatic responses to goal-irrelevant stimuli and storing and processing information in working memory (Pollak et al., 2010).”

    From Inhibitory control and working memory in post-institutionalized children (2013) · cites this paper as Pollak et al., 2010

  • Pollak et al. found differences between post-institutionalized and non-institutional adopted groups on working memory despite the groups not differing significantly in birth weight.

    “Pollak et al. (2010) found differences between PI and non-institutional adopted groups on working memory despite these groups not differing significantly in birth weight.”

    From Inhibitory control and working memory in post-institutionalized children (2013) · cites this paper as Pollak et al. (2010)

  • Post-institutionalized children showed poorer performance on complex inhibitory or interference control tasks than children reared in biological families and children adopted at young ages from non-institutional settings.

    “PI children showed poorer performance on “simple” inhibitory control tasks assessing the ability to withhold a primary or dominant response (e.g., go/no-go, stop-signal tasks; Eigsti, Weitzman, Schuh, De Marchena, & Casey, 2011; McDermott, Westerlund, Zeanah, Nelson, & Fox, 2011) as well as on more complex inhibitory or interference control tasks assessing suppression of a competing secondary”

    From Inhibitory control and working memory in post-institutionalized children (2013) · cites this paper as Pollak et al., 2010

  • Post-institutionalized children displayed greater spatial working memory deficits than children adopted at young ages from non-institutional settings such as foster care.

    “PI children displayed greater spatial working memory deficits than children adopted at young ages from non-institutional settings such as foster care (Pollak et al., 2010).”

    From Inhibitory control and working memory in post-institutionalized children (2013) · cites this paper as Pollak et al., 2010

  • Prior studies included PI children adopted from other areas of the world and/or excluded children with facial indicators of PAE and still found executive function deficits.

    “Prior studies also included PI children adopted from other areas of the world (e.g., Asia, Latin America) and/or excluded children with facial indicators of PAE and still found executive function deficits (Bauer et al., 2009; Bos et al., 2009; Pollak et al., 2010).”

    From Inhibitory control and working memory in post-institutionalized children (2013) · cites this paper as Pollak et al., 2010

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Black JE Jones TA Nelson CA Greenough WT Alessi NE Coyle JT Harrison SI Eth S Neuronal plasticity and the developing brain Handbook of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Science and Treatment 1998 New York Wiley and Sons 31 53
  2. Johnson DE Nelson CA The impact of orphanage rearing on growth and development The effects of adversity on neurobehavioral development: Minnesota symposia on child psychology 2001 Vol.31 New York Erlbaum and Associates

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Authors
Pollak, S. D., Nelson, C. A., Schlaak, M. F., Roeber, B. J., Wewerka, S. S., Wiik, K. L., Frenn, K. A., Loman, M. M., & Gunnar, M. R.
Affiliations
  • University of Wisconsin System (US)
  • Boston Children's Hospital (US)
  • University of Minnesota (US)
Corresponding author
Gunnar, Megan R
Venue
Child Development
Published
2010-01-01
Volume
81
Issue
1
Pages
224-236
ISSN
  • 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
  • 1467-8624
OpenAlex
W2160036112
Cited by
418
References
93
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 29
FWCI
67.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Child Development (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH068857, MH078829, R01MH068858, R01MH078829, R01MH061285)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS034458, NS034458)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P30HD003352)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Child Welfare and Adoption
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
Keywords
early deprivation, brain development, visual memory, attention, inhibitory control, auditory processing, executive function, rule acquisition, planning, neural circuits, brain-behavior relationship
MeSH terms
Adoption, Attention, Auditory Perception, Child, Child Development, Child, Institutionalized, Cognition, Critical Period, Psychological, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychomotor Performance, Psychosocial Deprivation, Time Factors, Visual Perception

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