Cited by 561Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsAlzheimer's disease research and treatments

Glial cells in (patho)physiology

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Parpura, Vladimir, Heneka, Michael T., Montana, Vedrana, Oliet, Stéphane H. R., Schousboe, Arne, Haydon, Philip G., Stout, Randy F., Spray, David C. +6 more·2012·Journal of Neurochemistry

Abstract

Neuroglial cells define brain homeostasis and mount defense against pathological insults. Astroglia regulate neurogenesis and development of brain circuits. In the adult brain, astrocytes enter into intimate dynamic relationship with neurons, especially at synaptic sites where they functionally form the tripartite synapse. At these sites, astrocytes regulate ion and neurotransmitter homeostasis, metabolically support neurons and monitor synaptic activity; one of the readouts of the latter manifests in astrocytic intracellular Ca(2+) signals. This form of astrocytic excitability can lead to release of chemical transmitters via Ca(2+) -dependent exocytosis. Once in the extracellular space, gliotransmitters can modulate synaptic plasticity and cause changes in behavior. Besides these physiological tasks, astrocytes are fundamental for progression and outcome of neurological diseases. In Alzheimer's disease, for example, astrocytes may contribute to the etiology of this disorder. Highly lethal glial-derived tumors use signaling trickery to coerce normal brain cells to assist tumor invasiveness. This review not only sheds new light on the brain operation in health and disease, but also points to many unknowns.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07664.x

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  • This inflammation not only occurs in response to Aβ deposition, but is also capable of generating, via feedback mechanisms, more Aβ while weakening the mechanisms responsible for its elimination.

    “This inflammation not only occurs in response to Aβ deposition, but is also capable of generating, via feedback mechanisms, more Aβ while weakening the mechanisms responsible for its elimination (Parpura et al., 2012).”
  • In later stages of AD, there is destruction of axons, dendrites, and synapses, in which microglia has a relevant role.

    “It has been reported that in the later stages of AD, there is destruction of axons, dendrites, and synapses, in which microglia has a relevant role (Parpura et al., 2012).”

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Chao TI Rickmann M Wolff JR Volterra A Magistretti P Haydon PG 2002 The synapse-astrocyte boundary: anatomical basis for an integrative role of glia in synaptic transmission Tripartite synapses: Synaptic transmission with glia 3 23 Oxford University Press Oxford-New York
  2. Dermietzel R Spray DC Scemes E Spray DC 2012 Blood-brain barrier and the neural vascular unit Astrocytes: Wiring the brain 179 203 CRC Press Boca Raton, FL
  3. Vogt C Vogt O 1937 Sitz und Wesen der Krankheiten im Lichte der topistischen Hirnforschung und des Variierens der Tiere. Erster Teil: Befunde der topistischen Hirnforschung als Beitrag zur Lehre vom Krankheitssitz Journal für Psychologie und Neurologie 47 238 457

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Authors
Parpura, V., Heneka, M. T., Montana, V., Oliet, S. H. R., Schousboe, A., Haydon, P. G., Stout, R. F., Spray, D. C., Reichenbach, A., Pannicke, T., Pekny, M., Pekna, M., Zorec, R., & Verkhratsky, A.
Affiliations
  • Ikerbasque (ES)
  • University of Bonn (DE)
  • University of Alabama (US)
  • Université de Bordeaux (FR)
  • University of Copenhagen (DK)
  • Tufts University (US)
  • Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
  • Leipzig University (DE)
  • University of Gothenburg (SE)
  • University of Ljubljana (SI)
Corresponding author
  • Parpura, Vladimir
  • Verkhratsky, Alexei
Venue
Journal of Neurochemistry
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2012-02-02
Volume
121
Issue
1
Pages
4-27
ISSN
  • 0022-3042 (ISSN-L)
  • 1471-4159
OpenAlex
W1549972124
Cited by
561
References
224
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 67 · 2014: 76 · 2013: 59 · 2012: 29
FWCI
7.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Neurochemistry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
  • Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation (0943343)
  • Judith Jane Mason and Harold Stannett Williams Memorial Foundation
  • Alzheimer's Research Trust (ART/PG2004A/1)
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (GRK 1097)
  • Grantová Agentura České Republiky (GACR 305/08/1381)
  • Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS (P3-310)
  • International Society for Neurochemistry
  • Medical Research Council
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA025967, DA025967)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS-037585, R01NS037585, R37NS037585)
  • Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Keywords
astrocytes, glial cells, tripartite synapse, astrocyte calcium signaling, gliotransmitters, synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, brain homeostasis, Alzheimer's disease, glioma, tumor invasion, astrocyte-neuron interaction, neurotransmitter homeostasis
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Humans, Synaptic Transmission, Neuroglia, Neurons

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