Expression of interleukin-15 in human skeletal muscle effect of exercise and muscle fibre type composition
Open accessAbstract
The cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) has been demonstrated to have anabolic effects in cell culture systems. We tested the hypothesis that IL-15 is predominantly expressed by type 2 skeletal muscle fibres, and that resistance exercise regulates IL-15 expression in muscle. Triceps brachii, vastus lateralis quadriceps and soleus muscle biopsies were obtained from normally physically active, healthy, young male volunteers (n = 14), because these muscles are characterized by having different fibre-type compositions. In addition, healthy, normally physically active male subjects (n = 8) not involved in any kind of resistance exercise underwent a heavy resistance exercise protocol that stimulated the vastus lateralis muscle and biopsies were obtained from this muscle pre-exercise as well as 6, 24 and 48 h post-exercise. IL-15 mRNA levels were twofold higher in the triceps (type 2 fibre dominance) compared with the soleus muscle (type 1 fibre dominance), but Western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed that muscle IL-15 protein content did not differ between triceps brachii, quadriceps and soleus muscles. Following resistance exercise, IL-15 mRNA levels were up-regulated twofold at 24 h of recovery without any changes in muscle IL-15 protein content or plasma IL-15 at any of the investigated time points. In conclusion, IL-15 mRNA level is enhanced in skeletal muscles dominated by type 2 fibres and resistance exercise induces increased muscular IL-15 mRNA levels. IL-15 mRNA levels in skeletal muscle were not paralleled by similar changes in muscular IL-15 protein expression suggesting that muscle IL-15 may exist in a translationally inactive pool.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In individuals who practiced resistance training, 24 h after the last session a two-fold increase in IL-15 mRNA levels was observed, and this response was dependent on the type of muscle fiber.
“it was possible to confirm that 24 h after the last RT session a two-fold increase in IL-15 mRNA levels was observed, and that this response was also dependent on the type of muscle fiber (Nielsen et al., 2007).”
From Physical Exercise-Induced Myokines and Muscle-Adipose Tissue Crosstalk: A Review of Current Knowledge and the Implications for Health and Metabolic Diseases (2018) · cites this paper as Nielsen et al., 2007
The Results report a twofold increase in IL-15 mRNA 24 hours after a heavy resistance-exercise session. However, the Abstract says the participants were not involved in resistance training. It also reports higher baseline IL-15 mRNA in a type-2-fibre-dominant muscle than in a type-1-fibre-dominant muscle, but does not establish that the response to exercise depended on fibre type. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIL-15 and IL-7 possess anabolic features in rodent models.
“A number of other myokines, including IL‑15 (53) and IL-7 (54) have further been demonstrated to possess anabolic features in rodent models.”
From Muscle–Organ Crosstalk: The Emerging Roles of Myokines (2020) · cites this paper as [53]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
1 retracted
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN RETRACTED Exercise induces interleukin‐8 expression in human skeletal muscle
Akerstrom, T. C. A., Steensberg, A., Keller, P., Keller, C., Penkowa, M., & Pedersen, B. K. (2004) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2004.077610 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
RetractedCloning of a T Cell Growth Factor that Interacts with the β Chain of the Interleukin-2 Receptor
Grabstein, K. H., Eisenman, J. R., Shanebeck, K. D., Rauch, C. T., Srinivasan, S., Fung, V., Beers, C., Richardson, J. S., Schoenborn, M. A., Ahdieh, M., et al. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8178155 · Cited by 1,422 · see citing works
Percutaneous Needle Biopsy of Skeletal Muscle in Physiological and Clinical Research
Bergström, J. P. (1975) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.3109/00365517509095787 · Cited by 1,159 · see citing works
Muscle‐derived interleukin‐6: mechanisms for activation and possible biological roles
FEBBRAIO, M. A., & PEDERSEN, B. K. (2002) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.01-0876rev · Cited by 875 · see citing works
Giri, J. G., Kumaki, S., Ahdieh, M., Friend, D. J., Loomis, A., Shanebeck, K. D., DuBose, R. F., Cosman, D. J., Park, L. S., & Anderson, D. M. (1995) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00035.x · Cited by 623 · see citing works
Searching for the exercise factor: is IL-6 a candidate?
Pedersen (2003) · Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility · doi:10.1023/a:1026070911202 · Cited by 564 · see citing works
Transcriptional regulation of gene expression in human skeletal muscle during recovery from exercise
Pilegaard, H., Ordway, G. A., Saltin, B., & Neufer, P. D. (2000) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.2000.279.4.e806 · Cited by 563 · see citing works
Contraction-Induced Myokine Production and Release: Is Skeletal Muscle an Endocrine Organ?
Febbraio, M. A., & Pedersen, B. K. (2005) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1097/00003677-200507000-00003 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
A trauma‐like elevation of plasma cytokines in humans in response to treadmill running
Ostrowski, K., Hermann, C., Bangash, A., Schjerling, P., Nielsen, J. N., & Pedersen, B. K. (1998) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.889ba.x · Cited by 398 · see citing works
Nieman, D. C., Davis, J. M., Henson, D. A., Walberg-Rankin, J., Shute, M., Dumke, C. L., Utter, A. C., Vinci, D. M., Carson, J. A., Brown, A., et al. (2003) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01130.2002 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Hiscock, N. J., Chan, S. M. H., Bisucci, T., Darby, I. A., & Febbraio, M. A. (2004) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.03-1259fje · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Interleukin-15: a novel anabolic cytokine for skeletal muscle.
Quinn, L. S., Haugk, K. L., & Grabstein, K. H. (1995) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.136.8.7628408 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Muscle-derived interleukin-6: lipolytic, anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory effects
Pedersen, B. K., Steensberg, A., Keller, P., Keller, C., Fischer, C., Hiscock, N., van Hall, G., Plomgaard, P., & Febbraio, M. A. (2003) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00424-002-0981-z · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Riechman, S. E., Balasekaran, G., Roth, S. M., & Ferrell, R. E. (2004) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00491.2004 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Quinn, L. S., Anderson, B. G., Drivdahl, R. H., Alvarez, B., & Argilés, J. M. (2002) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1006/excr.2002.5624 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
QUINN, L., STRAITBODEY, L., ANDERSON, B., ARGILES, J., & HAVEL, P. (2005) · Cell Biology International · doi:10.1016/j.cellbi.2005.02.005 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Cross-talk between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue: A link with obesity?
Argilés, J. M. A., López‐Soriano, J., Almendro, V., Busquets, S., & López-Soriano, F. J. (2004) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/med.20010 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Bamford, R. N., DeFilippis, A. P., Azimi, N., Kurys, G., & Waldmann, T. A. (1998) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.160.9.4418 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Interleukin-15 antagonizes muscle protein waste in tumour-bearing rats
Carbó, N., López‐Soriano, J., Costelli, P., Busquets, S., Alvarez, B., Baccino, F. M., Quinn, L. S., López-Soriano, F. J., & Argilés, J. M. A. (2000) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1054/bjoc.2000.1299 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Resistance exercise alters MRF and IGF-I mRNA content in human skeletal muscle
Psilander, N., Damsgaard, R., & Pilegaard, H. (2003) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00903.2002 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Lundby, C., Nordsborg, N. B., Kusuhara, K., Kristensen, K. M., Neufer, P. D., & Pilegaard, H. (2005) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-005-0022-7 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Influence of carbohydrate ingestion on immune changes after 2 h of intensive resistance training
Nieman, D. C., Davis, J. M., Brown, V. A., Henson, D. A., Dumke, C. L., Utter, A. C., Vinci, D. M., Downs, M. F., Smith, J., Carson, J. A., et al. (2004) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01064.2003 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Chan, S. M. H., Carey, A. L., Watt, M. J., & Febbraio, M. A. (2004) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00030.2004 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Fiber type specific expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-18 in human skeletal muscles.
Plomgaard, P., Penkowa, M., & Pedersen, B. K. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Interleukin-15 increases myosin accretion in human skeletal myogenic cultures
Furmanczyk, P. S., & Quinn, L. S. (2003) · Cell Biology International · doi:10.1016/s1065-6995(03)00172-0 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Figueras, M., Busquets, S., Carbó, N., Barreiro, E., Almendro, V., Argilés, J. M. A., & López-Soriano, F. J. (2004) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2004.05.066 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Interleukin-15 decreases proteolysis in skeletal muscle: A direct effect
Busquets, S., Figueras, M., Meijsing, S. H., Carbó, N., Quinn, L. S., Almendro, V., Argilés, J. M. A., & López-Soriano, F. J. (2005) · International Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.3892/ijmm.16.3.471 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Neely, G. G., Robbins, S. M., Amankwah, E. K., Epelman, S., Wong, H., Spurrell, J. C. L., Jandu, K. K., Zhu, W., Fogg, D. K., Brown, C. B., et al. (2001) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.167.9.5011 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Interleukin-15 Stimulates C2 Skeletal Myoblast Differentiation
Quinn, L. S., Haugk, K. L., & Damon, S. E. (1997) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7414 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha in CD4+T cell immunity.
Belle, T. V., & Grooten, J. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Muscle as an Endocrine Organ: Focus on Muscle-Derived Interleukin-6
Pedersen, B. K., & Febbraio, M. A. (2008) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.90100.2007 · Cited by 2,388 · see citing works
Position statement. Part one: Immune function and exercise.
Walsh, N. P., Gleeson, M., Shephard, R. J., Gleeson, M., Woods, J. A., Bishop, N. C., Fleshner, M., Green, C., Pedersen, B. K., Hoffman-Goetz, L., et al. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 1,250 · see citing works
Molecular inflammation: Underpinnings of aging and age-related diseases
Chung, H. Y., Cesari, M., Anton, S., Marzetti, E., Giovannini, S., Seo, A. Y., Carter, C., Yu, B. P., & Leeuwenburgh, C. (2009) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2008.07.002 · Cited by 1,203 · see citing works
Muscle–Organ Crosstalk: The Emerging Roles of Myokines
Severinsen, M. C. K., & Pedersen, B. K. (2020) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnaa016 · Cited by 1,226 · see citing works
“A number of other myokines, including IL-15 (53) and IL-7 (54) have further been demonstrated to possess anabolic features in rodent models.”
BackgroundInfluentialExercise is the real polypill.
Fiuza-Luces, C., Garatachea, N., Berger, N. A., & Lucia, A. (2013) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/physiol.00019.2013 · Cited by 791 · see citing works
Pedersen, B. K. (2011) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.048074 · Cited by 668 · see citing works
Self-citationMuscle fatigue: general understanding and treatment
Wan, J.-J., Qin, Z., Wang, P., Sun, Y., & Liu, X. (2017) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/emm.2017.194 · Cited by 696 · see citing works
The diseasome of physical inactivity – and the role of myokines in muscle–fat cross talk
Pedersen, B. K. (2009) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2009.179515 · Cited by 631 · see citing works
Pedersen, B. K. (2013) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c120033 · Cited by 516 · see citing works
Role of Skeletal Muscle in Insulin Resistance and Glucose Uptake
Merz, K. E., & Thurmond, D. C. (2020) · Comprehensive Physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c190029 · Cited by 494 · see citing works
Exercise-induced immune system response: Anti-inflammatory status on peripheral and central organs
Scheffer, D. D. L., & Latini, A. (2020) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165823 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
Skeletal Muscle as Potential Central Link between Sarcopenia and Immune Senescence
Nelke, C., Dziewas, R., Minnerup, J., Meuth, S. G., & Ruck, T. (2019) · eBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.10.034 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
The Role of Exercise-Induced Myokines in Muscle Homeostasis and the Defense against Chronic Diseases
Brandt, C., & Pedersen, B. K. (2010) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2010/520258 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Skeletal muscle as an endocrine organ: PGC-1α, myokines and exercise
Schnyder, S., & Handschin, C. (2015) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2015.02.008 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Skeletal Muscle as an Endocrine Organ: The Role of Myokines in Exercise Adaptations
Hoffmann, C., & Weigert, C. (2017) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a029793 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Leal, L. G., Lopes, M. A., & Batista, M. L. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01307 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
“which analyzed the rate of secretion of IL-15 in SkM of individuals who practiced Resistance Training (RT), it was possible to confirm that 24 h after the last RT session a two-fold increase in IL-15 mRNA levels was observed, and that this response was also dependent on the type of muscle fiber (Nielsen et al., 2007).”
BackgroundExercise-induced myokines and their role in chronic diseases
Pedersen, B. K. (2011) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2011.02.010 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Aoi, W., Naito, Y., Takagi, T., Tanimura, Y., Takanami, Y., Kawai, Y., Sakuma, K., Hang, L. P., Mizushima, K., Hirai, Y., et al. (2013) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300776 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Exercise modulates oxidative stress and inflammation in aging and cardiovascular diseases
Sallam, N., & Laher, I. (2016) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2016/7239639 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Adipo-myokines: two sides of the same coin–mediators of inflammation and mediators of exercise
Raschke, S., & Eckel, J. (2013) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2013/320724 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
C2C12 myoblasts release micro-vesicles containing mtDNA and proteins involved in signal transduction
Guescini, M., Guidolin, D., Vallorani, L., Casadei, L., Gioacchini, A. M., Tibollo, P., Battistelli, M., Falcieri, E., Battistin, L., Agnati, L. F., et al. (2010) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.04.006 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Acute Exercise Induces FGF21 Expression in Mice and in Healthy Humans
Kim, K. H., Kim, S. H., Min, Y.-K., Yang, H.-M., Lee, J.-B., & Lee, M.-S. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063517 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Role of Skeletal Muscle in Insulin Resistance and Glucose Uptake
Merz, K. E., & Thurmond, D. C. (2020) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/j.2040-4603.2020.tb00136.x · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Oversecretion of interleukin-15 from skeletal muscle reduces adiposity
Quinn, L. S., Anderson, B. G., Strait-Bodey, L., Stroud, A. M., & Argilés, J. M. (2009) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.90506.2008 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Bilski, J., Pierzchalski, P., Szczepanik, M., Bonior, J., & Zoladz, J. A. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11010160 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Effects of resistance training on the inflammatory response
Calle, M. C., & Fernández, M. L. (2010) · Nutrition Research and Practice · doi:10.4162/nrp.2010.4.4.259 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
IL-7 is expressed and secreted by human skeletal muscle cells
Haugen, F., Norheim, F., Lian, H., Wensaas, A. J., Dueland, S., Berg, O., Funderud, A., Skålhegg, B. S., Raastad, T., & Drevon, C. A. (2010) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00094.2009 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Myokines in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
Eckardt, K., Görgens, S. W., Raschke, S., & Eckel, J. (2014) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-014-3224-x · Cited by 221 · see citing works
β-aminoisobutyric Acid, l-BAIBA, Is a Muscle-Derived Osteocyte Survival Factor
Kitase, Y., Vallejo, J. A., Gutheil, W., Vemula, H., Jähn, K., Yi, J., Zhou, J., Brotto, M., & Bonewald, L. F. (2018) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.01.041 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Edward F. Adolph Distinguished Lecture: Muscle as an endocrine organ: IL-6 and other myokines
Pedersen, B. K. (2009) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00734.2009 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Trayhurn, P., Drevon, C. A., & Eckel, J. (2011) · Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.3109/13813455.2010.535835 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Exercise-Dependent Regulation of NK Cells in Cancer Protection
Idorn, M., & Højman, P. (2016) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2016.05.007 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Metabolic adaptation in obesity and type ii diabetes: myokines, adipokines and hepatokines
Oh, K.-J., Lee, D., Kim, W., Han, B., Lee, S., & Bae, K.-H. (2016) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18010008 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Raschke, S., Eckardt, K., Bjørklund Holven, K., Jensen, J., & Eckel, J. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0062008 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Crane, J. D., MacNeil, L. G., Lally, J. S., Ford, R. J., Bujak, A. L., Brar, I. K., Kemp, B. E., Raha, S., Steinberg, G. R., & Tarnopolsky, M. A. (2015) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.12341 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Jakobsson, J., Malm, C., Furberg, M., Ekelund, U., & Svensson, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2020.00057 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Exercise and regulation of adipokine and myokine production
(2015) · Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science · doi:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.07.002 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
ROS and myokines promote muscle adaptation to exercise
Schéele, C., Nielsen, S. J., & Pedersen, B. K. (2009) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2008.12.002 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Exercise and the immune system: taking steps to improve responses to cancer immunotherapy
Gustafson, M. P., Wheatley, C. M., Rosenthal, A. C., Gastineau, D. A., Katsanis, E., Johnson, B. D., & Simpson, R. J. (2021) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2020-001872 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Metabolic communication during exercise
Murphy, R. M., Watt, M. J., & Febbraio, M. A. (2020) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-020-0258-x · Cited by 158 · see citing works
The effect of physical exercise on anticancer immunity
Fiuza‐Luces, C., Valenzuela, P. L., Gálvez, B. G., Ramírez, M. R., López‐Soto, A., Simpson, R. J., & Lucía, A. (2023) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-023-00943-0 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
The skeletal muscle secretome: an emerging player in muscle–bone crosstalk
Hamrick, M. W. (2012) · BoneKEy Reports · doi:10.1038/bonekey.2012.60 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
The search for exercise factors in humans
Catoire, M., & Kersten, S. (2015) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.14-263699 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Tamura, Y., Watanabe, K., Kantani, T., Hayashi, J., Ishida, N., & Kaneki, M. (2011) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.k10e-400 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Exercise induces expression of leukaemia inhibitory factor in human skeletal muscle
Broholm, C., Mortensen, O. H., Nielsen, S., Akerstrom, T., Zankari, A., Dahl, B., & Pedersen, B. K. (2008) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2007.149781 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
The Role of Physical Exercise in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Bilski, J., Brzozowski, B., Mazur-Biały, A. I., Śliwowski, Z., & Brzozowski, T. (2014) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2014/429031 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Exercise-induced myokines and their effect on prostate cancer
Kim, J., Galvao, D. A., Newton, R. U., Gray, E. S., & Taaffe, D. R. (2021) · Nature Reviews Urology · doi:10.1038/s41585-021-00476-y · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Molecular bases of the crosstalk between bone and muscle
Karsenty, G., & Mera, P. (2017) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2017.04.006 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Skeletal muscle as an immunogenic organ
Nielsen, S. J., & Pedersen, B. K. (2008) · Current Opinion in Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.coph.2008.02.005 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Extracellular Vesicles: Delivery Vehicles of Myokines
Trovato, E., Felice, V. D., & Barone, R. (2019) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00522 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Characterization and Regulation of Mechanical Loading‐Induced Compensatory Muscle Hypertrophy
Adams, G. R., & Bamman, M. M. (2012) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c110066 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Görgens, S. W., Raschke, S., Holven, K. B., Jensen, J., Eckardt, K., & Eckel, J. (2013) · Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.3109/13813455.2013.768270 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Quinn, L. S., Anderson, B. G., Conner, J. D., & Wolden-Hanson, T. (2013) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2012-1773 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Endurance training enhances skeletal muscle interleukin-15 in human male subjects
Rinnov, A., Yfanti, C., Nielsen, S., Åkerström, T. C. A., Peijs, L., Zankari, A., Fischer, C. P., & Pedersen, B. K. (2014) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-013-9969-z · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Guo, B., Zhang, Z.-K., Liang, C., Li, J., Liu, J., Lu, A., Zhang, B.-T., & Zhang, G. (2017) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s00223-016-0209-4 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Short-term bed rest increases TLR4 and IL-6 expression in skeletal muscle of older adults
Drummond, M. J., Timmerman, K. L., Markofski, M. M., Walker, D. K., Dickinson, J. M., Jamaluddin, M., Brasier, A. R., Rasmussen, B. B., & Volpi, E. (2013) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00072.2013 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Banitalebi, E., Kazemi, A., Faramarzi, M., Nasiri, S., & Haghighi, M. M. (2018) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.062 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Garneau, L., & Aguer, C. (2019) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2019.02.006 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Regulation of Energy Metabolism by Bone-Derived Hormones
Mera, P., Ferron, M., & Mosialou, I. (2018) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a031666 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
The role of myokines in muscle health and disease
Lightfoot, A. P., & Cooper, R. G. (2016) · Current Opinion in Rheumatology · doi:10.1097/bor.0000000000000337 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
The Role of Exercise, Diet, and Cytokines in Preventing Obesity and Improving Adipose Tissue
ATAKAN, M. M., Koşar, Ş. N., Güzel, Y., Tin, H. T., & Yan, X. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13051459 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Irisin, a Link among Fatty Liver Disease, Physical Inactivity and Insulin Resistance
Arias, M., Ranchal, I., Romero‐Gómez, M., & Crespo, J. (2014) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms151223163 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Musculoskeletal senescence: a moving target ready to be eliminated
Baar, M. P., Perdiguero, E., Muñoz-Cánoves, P., & de Keizer, P. L. (2018) · Current Opinion in Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.coph.2018.05.007 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Pistilli, E. E., Bogdanovich, S., Garton, F. C., Yang, N., Gulbin, J. P., Conner, J. D., Anderson, B. G., Quinn, L. S., North, K. N., Ahima, R. S., et al. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci44945 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Lombardi, G., Ziemann, E., & Banfi, G. (2019) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00060 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
The Role of the Skeletal Muscle Secretome in Mediating Endurance and Resistance Training Adaptations
Leuchtmann, A. B., Adak, V., Dilbaz, S., & Handschin, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.709807 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Interleukin-15 as a myokine: Mechanistic insight into its effect on skeletal muscle metabolism
Nadeau, L., & Aguer, C. (2019) · Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2018-0022 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Influence of Physical Exercise on Neuroimmunological Functioning and Health: Aging and Stress
Archer, T., Fredriksson, A., Schϋtz, E., & Kostrzewa, R. M. (2010) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/s12640-010-9224-9 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Effect of Various Exercise Regimens on Selected Exercise-Induced Cytokines in Healthy People
Domin, R., Dadej, D., Pytka, M., Zybek-Kocik, A., Ruchała, M., & Guzik, P. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18031261 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Can muscle regeneration fail in chronic inflammation: a weakness in inflammatory myopathies?
Loell, I., & Lundberg, I. E. (2010) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02334.x · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Feraco, A., Gorini, S., Armani, A., Camajani, E., Rizzo, M., & Caprio, M. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22179327 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Differential Bone Loss in Mouse Models of Colon Cancer Cachexia
Bonetto, A., Kays, J. K., Parker, V. A., Matthews, R. R., Barreto, R., Puppa, M., Kang, K. S., Carson, J. A., Guise, T. A., Mohammad, K. S., et al. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00679 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Codella, R., Ialacqua, M., Terruzzi, I., & Luzi, L. (2018) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-018-1603-7 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Quinn, L. S., & Anderson, B. G. (2011) · Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1155/2011/456347 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Skeletal muscle IL ‐15/ IL ‐15Rα and myofibrillar protein synthesis after resistance exercise
Pérez‐López, A., McKendry, J., Martín-Rincón, M., Morales‐Álamo, D., Kohler, B., Valadés, D., Buján, J., Calbet, J. A. L., & Breen, L. (2017) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.12901 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Quinn, L. S., Anderson, B. G., Strait‐Bodey, L., & Wolden‐Hanson, T. (2009) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2009.10.012 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Metabolic Health—The Role of Adipo-Myokines
Gräf, C., & Ferrari, N. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20246159 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Endogenous and Exogenous Antioxidants in Skeletal Muscle Fatigue Development during Exercise
Supruniuk, E., Górski, J., & Chabowski, A. (2023) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox12020501 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Therapeutic potential of interleukin-15: a myokine involved in muscle wasting and adiposity
Argilés, J. M. A., López-Soriano, F. J., & Busquets, S. (2008) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2008.10.010 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
The relationship between plasma interleukin-15 levels and sarcopenia in outpatient older people
Yalçın, A., Sılay, K., Balik, A. R., Avcıoğlu, G., & Şenat, A. (2017) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-017-0848-y · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Pierce, J. R., Maples, J. M., & Hickner, R. C. (2015) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00575.2014 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Pedersen, B. K. (2013) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/j.2040-4603.2013.tb00522.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Watson, E. L., Viana, J. L., Wimbury, D. H., Martin, N., Greening, N. J., Barratt, J., & Smith, A. C. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00541 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Bilski, J., Mazur-Biały, A. I., Wierdak, M., & Brzozowski, T. (2013) · PubMed · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Sports genomics: Current state of knowledge and future directions
Ahmetov, I. I., & Fedotovskaya, O. N. (2012) · Cellular and Molecular Exercise Physiology · doi:10.7457/cmep.v1i1.e1 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Sadowska, A., Touli, E., Hitzl, W., Greutert, H., Ferguson, S. J., Wuertz‐Kozak, K., & Hausmann, O. N. (2017) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-017-5360-8 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Shamsi, M. M., Hassan, Z. H., Gharakhanlou, R., Quinn, L. S., Azadmanesh, K., Baghersad, L., Isanejad, A., & Mahdavi, M. (2013) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-013-0038-4 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Buler, M., Aatsinki, S., Skoumal, R., Komka, Z., Tóth, M., Kerkelä, R., Georgiadi, A., Kersten, S., & Hakkola, J. (2011) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m111.302356 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Multi-compartment centrifugal electrospinning based composite fibers
Wang, L., Ahmad, Z., Huang, J., Li, J., & Chang, M. (2017) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2017.07.179 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The role of myokines in cancer: crosstalk between skeletal muscle and tumor
Park, S.-Y., Hwang, B.-O., & Song, N. (2023) · BMB Reports · doi:10.5483/bmbrep.2023-0064 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Exercise and Bipolar Disorder: A Review of Neurobiological Mediators
Alsuwaidan, M. T., Kucyi, A., Law, C. W. Y., & McIntyre, R. S. (2009) · NeuroMolecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12017-009-8079-9 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Sabaratnam, R., Pedersen, A. J. T., Kristensen, J. M., Handberg, A., Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., & Højlund, K. (2018) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.13723 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Exercise and the Aging Endothelium
Golbidi, S., & Laher, I. (2013) · Journal of Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2013/789607 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Luo, Z., He, Z., Qin, H., Chen, Y., Qi, B., Lin, J., Sun, Y., Sun, J., Su, X., Long, Z., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1053137 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Interleukin‐15 in obesity and metabolic dysfunction: current understanding and future perspectives
Duan, Y., Li, F., Wang, W., Guo, Q., Wen, C., Li, Y., & Yin, Y. (2017) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12567 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
de Gonzalo‐Calvo, D., Fernández‐Garcia, B., de Luxán‐Delgado, B., Rodríguez‐González, S., Macia, M. G., Suárez, F. M., Solano, J. J., Rodríguez‐Colunga, M. J., & Coto‐Montes, A. M. (2011) · AGE · doi:10.1007/s11357-011-9266-9 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Emery, A., Moore, S. E., Turner, J. E., & Campbell, J. P. (2022) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.788113 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Kim, J., Taaffe, D. R., Galvao, D. A., Clay, T. D., Redfern, A. D., Hart, N. H., Gray, E. S., Ryan, C. J., Kenfield, S. A., Fred Saad, C., et al. (2022) · Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases · doi:10.1038/s41391-022-00624-4 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Myokines and Microbiota: New Perspectives in the Endocrine Muscle–Gut Axis
Saponaro, F., Bertolini, A., Baragatti, R., Galfo, L., Chiellini, G., Saba, A., & D’Urso, G. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16234032 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Zamboni, M. M., Mazzali, G., Brunelli, A., Saatchi, T., Urbani, S., Giani, A., Rossi, A. P., Zoico, E., & Fantin, F. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11213361 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nielsen, A. R., Mounier, R., Plomgaard, P., Mortensen, O. H., Penkowa, M., Speerschneider, T., Pilegaard, H., & Pedersen, B. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Rigshospitalet (DK)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Physiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-09-28
- Volume
- 584
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 305-312
- ISSN
- 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7793
- PMC
- PMC2277063
- OpenAlex
- W1530294052
- Cited by
- 266
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 8.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- IL-15, skeletal muscle, resistance training, muscle fiber type distribution, triceps brachii, vastus lateralis, soleus muscle, post-exercise recovery
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, RNA, Messenger, Exercise, Gene Expression, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch, Interleukin-15, Quadriceps Muscle
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
