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Cited by 333Antifungal resistance and susceptibilityYeasts and Rust Fungi StudiesFungal Infections and Studies

Comparative Pathogenicity of United Kingdom Isolates of the Emerging Pathogen Candida auris and Other Key Pathogenic Candida Species

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Borman, Andrew M., Szekely, Adrien, Johnson, Elizabeth M.·2016·mSphere
DOI 10.1128/msphere.00189-16PMC PMC4990711
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Abstract

The incidence of invasive candidiasis, which includes candidemia and deep tissue infections, continues to rise and is associated with considerable mortality rates. Candida albicans remains the most common cause of invasive candidiasis, although the prevalence of non- albicans species has increased over recent years. Since its first description in 2009, Candida auris has emerged as a serious nosocomial health risk, with widespread outbreaks in numerous hospitals worldwide. However, despite receiving considerable attention, little is known concerning the pathogenicity of this emerging fungal pathogen. Here, using the Galleria mellonella insect systemic infection model, we show strain-specific differences in the virulence of C. auris , with the most virulent isolates exhibiting pathogenicity comparable to that of C. albicans , which is currently accepted as the most pathogenic member of the genus.

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  • Without the ACE2 transcript, daughter cells fail to separate after budding; the cells remain clumps or aggregates resistant to physical stress and disruption.

    “Without the ACE2 transcript, daughter cells fail to separate after budding; the cells remain clumps or aggregates resistant to physical stress and disruption (14).”

    From Cell aggregation mediated by <i>ACE2</i> deletion in <i>Candida auris</i> modulates fungal colonization and host immune responses in the skin (2024) · cites this paper as [14]

    The Results and Discussion section (page not provided) reports that some C. auris isolates form aggregates that resist vigorous vortex mixing and detergent treatment. Microscopy suggests reduced daughter-cell separation after budding, but the paper does not identify absence of an ACE2 transcript as the cause, and it presents the separation mechanism as a suggestion rather than a certainty. (LLM, conf=0.90)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Aggregative phenotype affects the virulence, antifungal susceptibility, and biofilm formation of C. auris.

    “Emerging evidence shows that aggregative phenotype affects the virulence, antifungal susceptibility, and biofilm formation of C. auris (11, 14, 15).”

    From Cell aggregation mediated by <i>ACE2</i> deletion in <i>Candida auris</i> modulates fungal colonization and host immune responses in the skin (2024) · cites this paper as [14]

    The Results and Discussion report that aggregate-forming C. auris strains were less virulent than nonaggregating strains in G. mellonella larvae. Table 1 lists antifungal MICs alongside isolate morphology, but the paper does not establish that aggregation affects susceptibility; it calls possible protection from antifungal agents a question for further study. Our copy does not address an effect on biofilm formation. (LLM, conf=0.90)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Cells lacking ACE2 fail to separate following budding and remain clumped together or "aggregate", becoming resistant to physical stress and disruption.

    “As such, cells lacking ACE2 fail to separate following budding and remain clumped together or “aggregate”, becoming resistant to physical stress and disruption [111].”

    From Host–Candida auris interactions in the skin (2026) · cites this paper as [111]

    The Results and Discussion report that some C. auris isolates form aggregates, apparently because daughter cells are not liberated after budding, and that vigorous vortex mixing and detergent did not disrupt them. The paper does not identify those cells as lacking ACE2 or establish ACE2 loss as the cause; its physical-disruption finding is limited to the tested aggregates. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Filamentation of C. auris has a limited impact on virulence, while aggregation has been associated with decreased virulence.

    “This is in line with previous observations showing that filamentation of C. auris has a limited impact on virulence, while aggregation has been associated with decreased virulence (17, 46).”

    From Ume6-dependent pathways of morphogenesis and biofilm formation in <i>Candida auris</i> (2024) · cites this paper as [17]

    The Results and Discussion report that C. auris was highly virulent in Galleria mellonella larvae despite showing no significant filamentation, and that nonaggregating strains were significantly more virulent than aggregate-forming strains (Fig. 4). These observations support the association described, but the paper did not directly test the effect of filamentation on virulence or establish that the findings extend beyond the larval model. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates of aggregative C. auris shows reduced susceptibility to fluconazole.

    “The antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates of aggregative C. auris shows reduced susceptibility to fluconazole (14).”

    From Cell aggregation mediated by <i>ACE2</i> deletion in <i>Candida auris</i> modulates fungal colonization and host immune responses in the skin (2024) · cites this paper as [14]

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Cites

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Research works printed but not linked: 22

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Sorted by citations

Authors
Borman, A. M., Szekely, A., & Johnson, E. M.
Affiliations
  • Public Health England (GB)
  • UK National Mycology Reference Laboratory (MRL), Public Health England South-West, Bristol, United Kingdom
Corresponding author
Borman, Andrew M.
ORCID
Venue
mSphere
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Published
2016-08-31
Volume
1
Issue
4
ISSN
2379-5042 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1128/msphere.00189-16
PMC
PMC4990711
OpenAlex
W2514801655
Cited by
333
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 26 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 5
FWCI
29.86
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • mSphere (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
Keywords
Candida auris, pathogenicity, virulence, Galleria mellonella infection model, Candida albicans, invasive candidiasis, candidemia, strain differences, cell aggregation, budding, pseudohyphae, non-albicans Candida, nosocomial fungal infections, multidrug resistance

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