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Cited by 208Muscle metabolism and nutritionSports Performance and TrainingBiochemical effects in animals

Effects of 4 weeks of creatine supplementation in junior swimmers on freestyle sprint and swim bench performance

DAWSON, BRIAN, VLADICH, TODD, BLANKSBY, BRIAN A.·2002·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
DOI 10.1519/00124278-200211000-00001
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Abstract

To determine whether 4 weeks of oral creatine (Cr) supplementation could enhance single freestyle sprint and swim bench performance in experienced competitive junior swimmers, 10 young men and 10 young women (x age = 16.4 ± 1.8 years) participated in a 27-day supplementation period and pre- and posttesting sessions. In session 1 (presupple-mentation testing), subjects swam one 50-m freestyle and then (after 5 minutes of active recovery) one 100-m freestyle at maximum speed. Blood lactate was measured before and 1 minute after each swim trial. Forty-eight hours later, height, mass, and the sum of 6 skinfolds were recorded, and a Biokinetic Swim Bench total work output test (2 × 30-sec-ond trials, with a 10-minute passive recovery in between) was undertaken. After the pretests were completed, participants were divided into 2 groups (n = 10, Cr; and n = 10, placebo) by means of matched pairs on the basis of gender and 50-m swim times. A Cr loading phase of 20 g·−1 for 5 days was then instituted, followed by a maintenance phase of 5 g·−1 for 22 days. Postsupplementation testing replicated the presupplementation tests. Four weeks of Cr supplementation did not influence single sprint performance in the pool or body mass and composition. However, 30-second swim bench total work scores for trial 1 and trial 2 increased after Cr (p < 0.05) but not placebo ingestion. Postexercise blood lactate values were not different after supplementation for the 50- and 100-m sprint trials either within or between groups. It was concluded that 4 weeks of Cr supplementation did not significantly improve single sprint performance in competitive junior swimmers, but it did enhance swim bench test performance.

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Crossref · 10.1519/00124278-200211000-00001

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  • The sprint improvements (1-3%) are similar to those observed in other studies but were obtained with a lower degree of effort during RT and without sprint training.

    “These improvements (1-3 %) are similar to those observed in other studies [ 5 , 24 ] but were obtained with a lower degree of eff ort during RT and without sprint training.”

    From Effect of Movement Velocity during Resistance Training on Neuromuscular Performance (2014) · cites this paper as [24]

  • Studies have documented improvements in acute exercise capacity, work completed during multiple sets, and training adaptations in adolescents, younger adults, and older individuals with creatine supplementation.

    “Importantly and in addition to creatine being an effective ergogenic aid in a wide variety of sports, studies have documented these outcomes (improvements in acute exercise capacity, work completed during multiple sets and training adaptations) in adolescents [470–474], younger adults [231, 424, 462, 475–483], and older individuals [484–490].”

    From ISSN exercise &amp; sports nutrition review update: research &amp; recommendations (2018) · cites this paper as [471]

  • 0.3 g/kg glutamine ingestion did not impact the number of repetitions completed with the leg press or bench press exercises.

    “Antonio et al. [334] reported that 0.3 g/kg glutamine ingestion did not impact the number of repetitions completed with the leg press or bench press exercises.”

    From ISSN exercise &amp; sports nutrition review update: research &amp; recommendations (2018) · cites this paper as [334]

  • Dawson et al. reported improvements in swim bench performance, but not sprint swimming performance after completion of both a loading and maintenance phase.

    “Alternatively, Dawson et al. [36] reported improvements in swim bench performance, but not sprint swimming performance after completion of both a loading and maintenance phase.”

    From Creatine Supplementation in Children and Adolescents (2021) · cites this paper as [36]

  • Dawson et al. did not observe significant improvement in single sprint performance following 4 weeks of creatine supplementation (20 g/day for 5 days; followed by 5 g/day for 22 days) but did note significant improvement in swim bench test performance.

    “The authors did not observe any significant improvement in single sprint performance following 4 weeks of creatine supplementation (20 g/day for 5 days; followed by 5 g/day for 22 days) but did note a significant improvement in swim bench test performance.”

    From Safety of Creatine Supplementation in Active Adolescents and Youth: A Brief Review (2018) · cites this paper as [45]

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Authors
DAWSON, B., VLADICH, T., & BLANKSBY, B. A.
Affiliations
The University of Western Australia (AU)
Venue
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2002-11
Volume
16
Issue
4
Pages
485-490
ISSN
1064-8011 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1519/00124278-200211000-00001
OpenAlex
W1968465155
Cited by
41
References
0
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 6
FWCI
0.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Biochemical effects in animals
Keywords
creatine supplementation, young swimmers, blood lactate, body composition, creatine loading
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, beta-Galactosidase, Body Composition, Creatine, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, Energy Metabolism, Physical Exertion, Female, Humans, Male, Physical Endurance, Probability, Prospective Studies, Sampling Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Swimming, Case-Control Studies, Dietary Supplements

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