Sleep and Antibody Response to Hepatitis B Vaccination
Open accessAbstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Experimental evidence links poor sleep with susceptibility to infectious illness; however, it remains to be determined if naturally occurring sleep is associated with immune responses known to play a role in protection against infection. The aim of this study was to determine whether sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and sleep quality, assessed in the natural environment, predict magnitude of antibody responses to a novel antigen among community volunteers in midlife. DESIGN: Observational. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Healthy midlife adults (n = 125; 70 female; age 40-60 yr) received the standard 3-dose hepatitis B vaccination series. Actigraphy and electronic sleep diaries were used to assess sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and subjective sleep quality. Viral-specific antibody titers were obtained prior to the 2nd and 3rd vaccination to assess primary and secondary antibody responses. Clinical protection status (anti-hepatitis B surface antigen immunoglobulin G ≥ 10 mIU/ml) was assessed 6 mo after the final immunization. Regression analyses revealed that shorter actigraphy-based sleep duration was associated with a lower secondary antibody response independent of age, sex, body mass index, and response to the initial immunization. Shorter sleep duration, measured by actigraphy and sleep diary, also predicted a decreased likelihood of being clinically protected from hepatitis B at the conclusion of the vaccination series. Neither sleep efficiency nor subjective sleep quality were significant predictors of antibody response. CONCLUSIONS: Short sleep duration in the natural environment may negatively affect in vivo antibody responses to novel antigens, providing a possible explanation for observed associations of poor sleep with increased susceptibility to infectious disease.
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In a further study, short sleep duration after hepatitis B vaccination predicted a decreased antibody response to the immunization.
“In a further study, short sleep duration after hepatitis B vaccination predicted a decreased antibody response to the immunization (946).”
From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [946]
The Discussion reports that shorter sleep duration was associated with a lower secondary antibody response to hepatitis B vaccination. But the Actigraphy section says sleep was averaged across three nights before and three nights after the first immunization; the Discussion says no individual nights were uniquely predictive. The study therefore does not establish the claim specifically for sleep after vaccination. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredHabitual sleep duration, as measured by wrist actigraphy, is related to the vaccination response against hepatitis B, and each additional hour of sleep is associated with an approximately 50% increase in antibody levels.
“one prospective study that found habitual sleep duration (as measured by wrist actigraphy) to be related to the vaccination response against hepatitis B (447).”
From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [447]
A decline in naive T cells may negatively affect the early immune response to novel antigens and may underlie decreased antibody response after vaccination in short sleepers.
“Such a decline in naive T cells may negatively affect the early immune response to novel antigens, and may underlie findings of a decreased antibody response after vaccination in short sleepers”
From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [447]
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- Authors
- Prather, A. A., Hall, M., Fury, J. M., Ross, D. C., Muldoon, M. F., Cohen, S., & Marsland, A. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Carnegie Mellon University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Prather, Aric A.
- Venue
- SLEEP
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2012-08-01
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1063-9
- ISSN
- 0161-8105 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-9109
- PMC
- PMC3397812
- OpenAlex
- W2108467479
- Cited by
- 207
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 17.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- SLEEP (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- KiltHub Repository (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- KiltHub Repository
- Funders
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL007560, T32HL007560)
- National Institute of Nursing Research (R01NR008237, NR008237)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- sleep duration, hepatitis B vaccination, antibody response, secondary antibody response, sleep efficiency, sleep quality, actigraphy, vaccine immunogenicity, middle-aged adults, clinical protection
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis B Antibodies, Hepatitis B virus, Humans, Middle Aged, Sleep, Time Factors, Vaccination, Body Mass Index, Hepatitis B Vaccines, Actigraphy
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