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Cited by 591Circadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and Wakefulness ResearchStress Responses and Cortisol

Effects of sleep and circadian rhythm on the human immune system

Lange, Tanja, Dimitrov, Stoyan, Born, Jan·2010·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05300.x
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Abstract

Many immune parameters show systematic fluctuations over the 24‐h day in human blood. Circulating naive T‐cells and production of proinflammatory cytokines, like interleukin‐12 (IL‐12), peak during nighttime, whereas cytotoxic effector leukocytes and production of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 peak during daytime. These temporal changes originate from a combined influence of the circadian system and sleep. Both brain functions act synergistically and share neuroendocrine effector mechanisms to convey control over immune functions. Sympathetic tone and cortisol levels show a circadian nadir during nighttime and are further suppressed by sleep, whereas growth hormone and prolactin show a circadian peak during nighttime and are further enhanced by sleep. Thus, the circadian system and sleep jointly evoke a unique endocrine constellation that is extremely effective in inducing changes in leukocyte traffic and a shift toward proinflammatory type 1‐cytokines during the nocturnal period of sleep, that is, an action with strong clinical implications.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05300.x

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95 of 95 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Immunological memory, like neurobehavioral memory, is formed as part of an adaptive organismic response to an environmental stressor, and shares the basic subprocesses of encoding, consolidation, and retrieval.

    “Nevertheless, immunological memory, like neurobehavioral memory, is formed as part of an adaptive organismic response to an environmental stressor, and shares the basic subprocesses of encoding, consolidation, and retrieval (641, 695).”

    From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [695]

  • On top of this circadian rhythm, nocturnal sleep, compared with wakefulness, induces a slight but significant reduction in circulating naive and central memory T cells, which indeed might reflect a redistribution of these cells to lymph nodes that is specific to sleep.

    “On top of this circadian rhythm, nocturnal sleep, compared with wakefulness, induces a slight but significant reduction in circulating naive and central memory T cells (695), which indeed might reflect a redistribution of these cells to lymph nodes that is specific to sleep.”

    From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [695]

  • Circulating levels of IL-1, TNF, and IL-6 have often been found to peak during sleep or in the early morning hours in humans.

    “Circulating levels of IL-1, TNF, and IL-6 have often been found to peak during sleep or in the early morning hours (reviewed in Refs. 95, 321).”

    From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [321]

  • The circadian system and its prime marker, melatonin, are considered to have antitumor effects through multiple pathways, including antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and immune enhancement.

    “The circadian system and its prime marker, melatonin, are considered to have antitumor effects through multiple pathways, including antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and immune enhancement.33-37”

    From Total and Cause-Specific Mortality of U.S. Nurses Working Rotating Night Shifts (2015) · cites this paper as [33]

  • Direct nocturnal light exposure suppresses melatonin production and resets the timing of the circadian clock.

    “Direct nocturnal light exposure suppresses melatonin production41 and resets the timing of the circadian clock.33,42,43”

    From Total and Cause-Specific Mortality of U.S. Nurses Working Rotating Night Shifts (2015) · cites this paper as [33]

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Authors
Lange, T., Dimitrov, S., & Born, J.
Affiliations
  • University of Lübeck (DE)
  • University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Corresponding author
Lange, Tanja
ORCID
Venue
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2010-04
Volume
1193
Issue
1
Pages
48-59
ISSN
  • 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
  • 1749-6632
DOI
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05300.x
OpenAlex
W1760402555
Semantic Scholar
acb57c686604155a8f0b271a9b243d7be553f68b
Cited by
591
References
95
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 22
FWCI
2.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 12 d)
Locations
  • Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords
sleep, circadian rhythm, immune system, naive T cells, inflammatory cytokines, IL-12, IL-10, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, cortisol, sympathetic tone, growth hormone, prolactin, neuroendocrine regulation, leukocyte migration, Th1 cytokines
MeSH terms
Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Immune System, Male, Prolactin, Sleep, Growth Hormone, Wakefulness, Interleukin-10, Interleukin-12

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