Divergent effects of two different doses of intranasal oxytocin on facial affect discrimination in schizophrenic patients with and without polydipsia
Abstract
Rationale Hyponatremia and dexamethasone resistance in polydipsic schizophrenic patients are attributable to changes in hippocampal-modulated antidiuretic and stress hormone activity, respectively. The relationship of the neuroendocrine findings to the psychiatric illness, however, is unknown. An impaired ability to identify facial emotions has been linked to core features of schizophrenia and to diminished levels of the closely related hormone, oxytocin, in the polydipsic subset. Intranasal oxytocin enhances facial affect discrimination in healthy subjects.Objective The aim of this study is to explore if oxytocin reverses impaired facial affect discrimination in schizophrenic patients with, relative to that in patients without, polydipsia.Methods Intranasal oxytocin (10 or 20 IU) and placebo were administered on three occasions to five polydipsic schizophrenic patients, eight nonpolydipsic patients, and 11 healthy controls. Subsequently, subjects rated the presence and intensity of six facial emotions.Results Emotion recognition fell in both patient groups following 10 IU of oxytocin due to an increased propensity to identify all emotions regardless of whether they were displayed. By contrast, emotion recognition improved following 20 IU in polydipsic relative to nonpolydipsic patients due primarily to divergent effects on the bias to identify fear in nonfearful faces.Conclusion The effects of 20 IU oxytocin support the hypothesis that altered neuroendocrine function in polydipsic patients contributes to their psychiatric illness. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings and assess if oxytocin treatment improves social functioning in this subset. This is the first psychopharmacologic study to compare different doses of oxytocin in the same subject, thus the significance of the opposing responses is unclear.
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Studies that controlled for dose show important dose-dependent variation on physiology or social cognition.
“Studies that have controlled for dose show important dose-dependent variation on physiology (Cardoso et al., 2013) or social cognition (Goldman et al., 2011; Hall et al., 2012).”
From Endogenous peripheral oxytocin measures can give insight into the dynamics of social relationships: a review (2014) · cites this paper as Goldman et al., 2011
Middle doses (20-24 IU) of oxytocin have the greatest positive effects, whereas low (10 IU) or high doses (48 IU) show blunted effects.
“Middle doses (20–24 IU) have the greatest positive effects, whereas low (10 IU) or high doses (48 IU) show blunted effects (Goldman et al., 2011; Hall et al., 2012; Cardoso et al., 2013).”
From Endogenous peripheral oxytocin measures can give insight into the dynamics of social relationships: a review (2014) · cites this paper as Goldman et al., 2011
In schizophrenic patients, intranasal oxytocin increased emotion recognition at 20 IU and decreased it at 10 IU.
“In schizophrenic patients, intranasal OT increased emotion recognition at one dose (20 IU) and decreased emotion recognition at a different dose (10 IU) (23).”
From Chronic intranasal oxytocin causes long-term impairments in partner preference formation in male prairie voles (2013) · cites this paper as [23]
In patients with schizophrenia, 20 IU oxytocin, but not 10 IU oxytocin, ameliorated emotion recognition deficits in a polydipsic group.
“A clinical study with divergent single-dose oxytocin administration in patients with schizophrenia showed that 20 IU oxytocin, but not 10 IU oxytocin, ameliorated emotion recognition deficits in a polydipsic group.18”
From Oxytocin efficacy is modulated by dosage and oxytocin receptor genotype in young adults with high-functioning autism: a 24-week randomized clinical trial (2016) · cites this paper as [18]
Only a few studies have examined the differential effects of higher (24, 40 or 48 IU) and lower (10, 20 or 24 IU) oxytocin doses.
“Only a few studies examined the differential effects of higher (24, 40 or 48 IU) and lower (10, 20 or 24 IU, respectively) oxytocin doses [103-105].”
From Efficacy of oxytocin administration early after psychotrauma in preventing the development of PTSD: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2014) · cites this paper as [103]
In studies examining differential oxytocin doses, the dose around 20 IU (24 IU or 20 IU) had more favorable effects compared to the other dose studied (48, 40 or 10 IU).
“In these studies the dose around 20 IU (24 IU or 20 IU) had more favorable effects compared to the other dose studied (48, 40 or 10 IU).”
From Efficacy of oxytocin administration early after psychotrauma in preventing the development of PTSD: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2014) · cites this paper as [103]
The studies examining differential oxytocin doses were single administration studies on non-clinical outcome measures.
“However, these studies were single administration studies on non-clinical outcome measures.”
From Efficacy of oxytocin administration early after psychotrauma in preventing the development of PTSD: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2014) · cites this paper as [103]
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- Authors
- Goldman, M. B., Gomes, A. M., Carter, C. S., & Lee, R.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Goldman, Morris B.
- Venue
- Psychopharmacology
- Published
- 2011-02-09
- Volume
- 216
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 101-110
- ISSN
- 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-2072
- OpenAlex
- W2071486937
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 25.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Chicago
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (R21MH082295)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Keywords
- intranasal oxytocin, polydipsia, schizophrenia, facial emotion recognition, dose-dependent effects, hyponatremia, dexamethasone resistance, neuroendocrine dysfunction, vasopressin, stress hormones
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Intranasal, Adult, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Emotions, Facial Expression, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oxytocin, Pilot Projects, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Thirst, Linear Models
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