The neural substrates of cognitive control deficits in autism spectrum disorders

Solomon, Marjorie; Ozonoff, Sally J.; Ursu, Stefan; Ravizza, Susan; Cummings, Neil; Ly, Stanford; Carter, Cameron S.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.04.019

Cited by 263Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesFunctional Brain Connectivity Studies

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The neural substrates of cognitive control deficits in autism spectrum disorders

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Solomon, Marjorie, Ozonoff, Sally J., Ursu, Stefan, Ravizza, Susan, Cummings, Neil, Ly, Stanford, Carter, Cameron S.·2009·Neuropsychologia

DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.04.019PMC PMC2766616

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Abstract

Executive function deficits are among the most frequently reported symptoms of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), however, there have been few functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies that investigate the neural substrates of executive function deficits in ASDs, and only one in adolescents. The current study examined cognitive control - the ability to maintain task context online to support adaptive functioning in the face of response competition - in 22 adolescents aged 12-18 with autism spectrum disorders and 23 age, gender, and IQ matched typically developing subjects. During the cue phase of the task, where subjects must maintain information online to overcome a prepotent response tendency, typically developing subjects recruited significantly more anterior frontal (BA 10), parietal (BA 7 and BA 40), and occipital regions (BA 18) for high control trials (25% of trials) versus low control trials (75% of trials). Both groups showed similar activation for low control cues, however the ASD group exhibited significantly less activation for high control cues. Functional connectivity analysis using time series correlation, factor analysis, and beta series correlation methods provided convergent evidence that the ASD group exhibited lower levels of functional connectivity and less network integration between frontal, parietal, and occipital regions. In the typically developing group, fronto-parietal connectivity was related to lower error rates on high control trials. In the autism group, reduced fronto-parietal connectivity was related to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms.

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A few studies of adolescents with ASD have noted alterations in frontoparietal activity during paradigms invoking aspects of flexibility, including cognitive control and verbal fluency.
“A few studies of adolescents with ASD have noted alterations in frontoparietal activity during paradigms invoking aspects of flexibility including cognitive control (92–94) and verbal fluency (95), yet much remains unknown about this specific developmental period.”
From Brain Mechanisms Supporting Flexible Cognition and Behavior in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder (2021) · cites this paper as [92]

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“…that may underlie patterns observed in our study may be related to commonalities between brain regions and neural systems implicated in ADHD and in ASD involved in the regulation of attention and behavior, as supported in the literature (Solomon et al. 2009; Dichter 2012; Schweitzer et al. 2012).”
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Authors: Solomon, M., Ozonoff, S. J., Ursu, S., Ravizza, S., Cummings, N., Ly, S., & Carter, C. S.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
University of California, Davis (US)
Michigan State University (US)
Corresponding author: Solomon, Marjorie
ORCID: Solomon, Marjorie
Ozonoff, Sally J.
Ursu, Stefan
Ravizza, Susan
Carter, Cameron S.
Venue: Neuropsychologia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-10
Volume: 47
Issue: 12
Pages: 2515-2526
ISSN: 0028-3932 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.04.019
PMC: PMC2766616
OpenAlex: W2124249156
Cited by: 263
References: 105
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 24
FWCI: 9.36
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Neuropsychologia (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (K08MH074967)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, cognitive control, executive dysfunction, adolescents, neural correlates, functional connectivity, frontoparietal connectivity, prepotent response inhibition, response competition, ADHD symptoms, brain network integration
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Autistic Disorder, Brain, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Child, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Intelligence Tests, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Oxygen, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Behavior, Statistics as Topic, Case-Control Studies

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The neural substrates of cognitive control deficits in autism spectrum disorders

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