Matrigel: Basement membrane matrix with biological activity
Abstract
The basement membrane extracellular matrix contacts epithelial, endothelial, fat and smooth muscle cells. Because this extracellular matrix is so thin, it had been hard to study its composition, structure, and function. An extract of a tumor was found to contain all of the components present in basement and to be very biologically active. This extract, termed Matrigel, Cultrex, or EHS matrix, promotes cell differentiation, and is used to measure the invasive activity of tumor cells. In vivo, it is used for measuring angiogenic inhibitors and stimulators, to improve graft survival, repair damaged tissues, and increase tumor growth.
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Matrigel, a murine Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma extract, supports iPSC pluripotency maintenance, neural induction, and multi-lineage differentiation through synergistic laminin, collagen IV, entactin, perlecan, and growth factor blends.
“Matrigel, a murine Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma extract, supports iPSC pluripotency maintenance, neural induction, and multi-linage differentiation through synergistic laminin, collagen IV, entactin, perlecan, and growth factor blends (Kleinman et al., 1986; Kleinman and Martin, 2005).”
From Challenges and solutions in transitioning to animal-free standards: a comprehensive analysis of components in human cell-based developmental neurotoxicity assays (2026) · cites this paper as Kleinman and Martin, 2005
Many organoids reported to date have been cultured in Matrigel.
“However, many organoids reported to date have been cultured in Matrigel, which is prepared from the secretion of Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm mouse sarcoma cells; Matrigel is complex and poorly defined.”
From Towards organoid culture without Matrigel (2021) · cites this paper as [27]
Matrigel is prepared from the secretion of Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm mouse sarcoma cells.
“Many organoids have been cultured in Matrigel, a material derived from the secretion of Engelbreth–Holm–Swarm mouse sarcoma cells and enriched for extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins27.”
From Towards organoid culture without Matrigel (2021) · cites this paper as [27]
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- Authors
- Kleinman, H. K., & Martin, G. R.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kleinman, Hynda K.
- ORCID
- Kleinman, Hynda K.
- Venue
- Seminars in Cancer Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-10
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 378-386
- ISSN
- 1044-579X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2056229778
- Cited by
- 1,673
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 69 · 2025: 111 · 2024: 89 · 2023: 109 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 131 · 2020: 112 · 2019: 92 · 2018: 86 · 2017: 94 · 2016: 86 · 2015: 92 · 2014: 90 · 2013: 66 · 2012: 86
- FWCI
- 2.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Seminars in Cancer Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- H2020 European Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Matrigel, tumor extracts, cell differentiation, tumor invasion, angiogenesis, angiogenesis inhibitors, graft survival, tissue repair, tumor growth
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Aorta, Basement Membrane, Biocompatible Materials, Cell Differentiation, Cell Survival, Collagen, Culture Media, Drug Combinations, Endothelium, Vascular, Extracellular Matrix, Fibroblasts, Humans, Laminin, Neoplasms, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Proteoglycans, Salivary Glands, Cell Culture Techniques, Cell Line, Tumor
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