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Cited by 153Behavioral Health and InterventionsDecision-Making and Behavioral EconomicsBehavioral and Psychological Studies

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Changing Behavior Using the Model of Action Phases

Keller, Lucas, Gollwitzer, Peter M., Sheeran, Paschal·2020·The Handbook of Behavior Change
DOI 10.1017/9781108677318.006
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Abstract

The model of action phases makes a distinction between motivational (goal setting) and volitional (goal implementation) phases of goal pursuit. The model implies that changing the behavior of individuals who are in a pre-decisional action phase (i.e., have not crossed the “Rubicon” yet with respect to turning their many wishes into binding goals) needs a different approach than changing the behavior of people who are in a post-decisional phase (i.e., have crossed the Rubicon and need to implement their goals). The model is, therefore, also known as the “Rubicon” model. What exactly needs to be targeted to achieve behavior change in pre-decisional versus post-decisional individuals is addressed in the mindset theory of action phases , which explicates the Rubicon model in terms of the relevant psychological processes. It is argued that solving the tasks people face while still being pre-decisional requires different modes of thought (i.e., mindsets conceived of as a distinct assembly of activated cognitive procedures) than solving the tasks people face in post-decisional phases. These distinct features of pre-decisional (deliberative) versus post-decisional (implemental) mindsets as specified in the model need to be considered when trying to instigate behavior change. Furthermore, research on the implemental mindset has led to the discovery of a powerful self-regulation strategy promoting goal striving: the formation of implementation intentions. The chapter also outlines psychological mechanisms that underpin the facilitating effects of implementation intentions on behavior change and, when forming implementation intentions, are expected to help people to reach their goals.

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Metadata

Authors
Keller, L., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Sheeran, P.
ORCID
Venue
The Handbook of Behavior Change
Publisher
Cambridge University Press
Published
2020-07-23
Pages
77-88
DOI
10.1017/9781108677318.006
OpenAlex
W3040575936
Cited by
147
References
2,130
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 91 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6
FWCI
120.23
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations
Cambridge University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
Keywords
Rubicon model, goal pursuit, deliberative mindset, implemental mindset, implementation intentions, self-regulation, behavior change

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