Increasing p16INK4a expression decreases forebrain progenitors and neurogenesis during ageing
Open accessAbstract
Mammalian ageing is associated with reduced regenerative capacity in tissues that contain stem cells. It has been proposed that this is at least partially caused by the senescence of progenitors with age; however, it has not yet been tested whether genes associated with senescence functionally contribute to physiological declines in progenitor activity. Here we show that progenitor proliferation in the subventricular zone and neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb, as well as multipotent progenitor frequency and self-renewal potential, all decline with age in the mouse forebrain. These declines in progenitor frequency and function correlate with increased expression of p16INK4a, which encodes a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor linked to senescence. Ageing p16INK4a-deficient mice showed a significantly smaller decline in subventricular zone proliferation, olfactory bulb neurogenesis, and the frequency and self-renewal potential of multipotent progenitors. p16INK4a deficiency did not detectably affect progenitor function in the dentate gyrus or enteric nervous system, indicating regional differences in the response of neural progenitors to increased p16INK4a expression during ageing. Declining subventricular zone progenitor function and olfactory bulb neurogenesis during ageing are thus caused partly by increasing p16INK4a expression.
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Reports show lower stem cell numbers or altered cell-cycle activity with age in skeletal muscle, neural and germline stem cells.
“Age-dependent reduction in stem cell number or perturbed cell-cycle activity has been reported in skeletal muscle stem cells, neural stem cells and germline stem cells110, 120–122.”
From Stem cell aging: mechanisms, regulators and therapeutic opportunities (2014) · cites this paper as [121]
Other tumor suppressors such as p16Ink4a suppress cancer at the cost of tissue resident stem cells and may contribute to decreased regenerative potential during aging.
“other tumor suppressors (e.g., p16Ink4a) which appear to suppress cancer at the cost of tissue resident stem cells and therefore may contribute to decreased regenerative potential during the aging process (Krishnamurthy et al., 2006; Molofsky et al., 2006).”
From FoxOs Cooperatively Regulate Diverse Pathways Governing Neural Stem Cell Homeostasis (2009) · cites this paper as Molofsky et al., 2006
Several studies have established a role for Bmi1 in the regulation of p16Ink4a.
“Because several studies have established a role for the polycomb group protein Bmi1 in the regulation of p16Ink4a (26–28), we analyzed the levels of Bmi1.”
From Age-Dependent Decline in β-Cell Proliferation Restricts the Capacity of β-Cell Regeneration in Mice (2009) · cites this paper as [28]
Age-induced expression of p16INK4a in adult stem cells seems to be associated with widespread impairment in tissue regeneration.
“age-induced expression of p16INK4a in adult stem cells seems to be associated with widespread impairment in tissue regeneration 23, 24, 25”
From The common biology of cancer and ageing (2007) · cites this paper as [25]
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“These data suggest that the RNAi-revealed phenotype is not initiated by increased expression from the Ink4a/ARF locus (Figures 3 and 4). Increased expression from this locus occurs with age ( Molofsky et al., 2006 ) and time in culture (Zindy et al., 1997); hence, p16/p19 may be upregulated at later time points after…”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Molofsky, A. V., Slutsky, S. G., Joseph, N. M., He, S., Pardal, R., Krishnamurthy, J., Sharpless, N. E., & Morrison, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Morrison, Sean J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2006-09
- Volume
- 443
- Issue
- 7110
- Pages
- 448-452
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC2586960
- OpenAlex
- W2065564965
- Cited by
- 972
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 53 · 2013: 60 · 2012: 54
- FWCI
- 23.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Ellison Medical Foundation
- Sidney Kimmel Foundation for Cancer Research
- Sidney Kimmel Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG024945)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Keywords
- p16INK4a, cellular senescence, aging, neurogenesis, subventricular zone, olfactory bulb, multipotent progenitors, stem cell self-renewal, tumour suppressor, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, type 2 diabetes, pancreatic islet regeneration
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Neurons, Olfactory Bulb, Regeneration, Stem Cells, Prosencephalon, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16, Cell Proliferation, Mice
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