Cited by 463Extracellular vesicles in diseaseExercise and Physiological ResponsesCardiovascular and exercise physiology

The potential of endurance exercise-derived exosomes to treat metabolic diseases

Safdar, Adeel, Saleem, Ayesha, Tarnopolsky, Mark A.·2016·Nature Reviews Endocrinology

Abstract

Endurance exercise-mediated multisystemic adaptations are known to mitigate metabolism-related disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that promote crosstalk between organs and orchestrate the pro-metabolic effects of endurance exercise remain unclear. Exercise-induced release of peptides and nucleic acids from skeletal muscle and other organs (collectively termed 'exerkines') has been implicated in mediating these systemic adaptations. Given that the extracellular milieu is probably not a hospitable environment for labile exerkines, a lipid vehicle-based mode of delivery has originated over the course of evolution. Two types of extracellular vesicles, exosomes and microvesicles, have been shown to contain proteins and nucleic acids that participate in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Exosomes, in particular, have been shown to facilitate the exchange of peptides, microRNA, mRNA and mitochondrial DNA between cells and tissues. Intriguingly, circulatory extracellular vesicle content increases in an intensity-dependant manner in response to endurance exercise. We propose that the systemic benefits of exercise are modulated by exosomes and/or microvesicles functioning in an autocrine, paracrine and/or endocrine manner. Furthermore, we posit that native or modified exosomes, and/or microvesicles enriched with exerkines will have therapeutic utility in the treatment of obesity and T2DM.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nrendo.2016.76

Cites

199 of 199 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • MicroRNAs may exert endocrine effects through extracellular vesicle-based transport.

    “supporting the possibility of microRNAs exerting their endocrine effects via extracellular vesicle-based transport11,34.”

    From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [11]

Cites

3 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Safdar, A., Saleem, A., & Tarnopolsky, M. A.
Affiliations
McMaster University (CA)
Corresponding author
Tarnopolsky, Mark A.
Venue
Nature Reviews Endocrinology
Published
2016-05-27
Volume
12
Issue
9
Pages
504-517
ISSN
  • 1759-5029 (ISSN-L)
  • 1759-5037
OpenAlex
W2401918595
Cited by
463
References
199
Citations by year
2026: 53 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 7
FWCI
3.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Keywords
endurance exercise, exosomes, exerkines, extracellular vesicles, microvesicles, metabolic disorders, obesity, type 2 diabetes, paracrine signaling, autocrine signaling, hormone signaling, microRNA, mitochondrial DNA, exosome therapy
MeSH terms
Extracellular Vesicles, Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Metabolic Diseases, Obesity, Physical Endurance, Exercise, Muscle, Skeletal, Exosomes

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review