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Cited by 174Dietary Effects on HealthCircadian rhythm and melatoninDiabetes Management and Research

Chrononutrition in the management of diabetes

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Henry, Christiani Jeyakumar, Kaur, Bhupinder, Quek, Rina Yu Chin·2020·Nutrition & Diabetes
DOI 10.1038/s41387-020-0109-6PMC PMC7031264
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Abstract

Circadian rhythms are 24-h cycles regulated by endogeneous molecular oscillators called the circadian clock. The effects of diet on circadian rhythmicity clearly involves a relationship between factors such as meal timings and nutrients, known as chrononutrition. Chrononutrition is influenced by an individual's "chronotype", whereby "evening chronotypes" or also termed "later chronotype" who are biologically driven to consume foods later in the day. Research in this area has suggested that time of day is indicative of having an influence on the postprandial glucose response to a meal, therefore having a major effect on type 2 diabetes. Cross-sectional and experimental studies have shown the benefits of consuming meals early in the day than in the evening on postprandial glycaemia. Modifying the macronutrient composition of night meals, by increasing protein and fat content, has shown to be a simple strategy to improve postprandial glycaemia. Low glycaemic index (GI) foods eaten in the morning improves glycaemic response to a greater effect than when consumed at night. Timing of fat and protein (including amino acids) co-ingested with carbohydrate foods, such as bread and rice, can reduce glycaemic response. The order of food presentation also has considerable potential in reducing postprandial blood glucose (consuming vegetables first, followed by meat and then lastly rice). These practical recommendations could be considered as strategies to improve glycaemic control, rather than focusing on the nutritional value of a meal alone, to optimize dietary patterns of diabetics. It is necessary to further elucidate this fascinating area of research to understand the circadian system and its implications on nutrition that may ultimately reduce the burden of type 2 diabetes.

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [2]Herman, W. H. in Diabetes Mellitus in Developing Countries and Underserved Communities (ed. Dagogo-Jack, S.) 1–5 (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2017).
  2. [42]Willcox BJ Caloric restriction, caloric restriction mimetics, and healthy aging in Okinawa Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2007 1114 434 455 17986602

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Authors
Henry, C. J., Kaur, B., & Quek, R. Y. C.
Affiliations
  • National University of Singapore (SG)
  • Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SG)
Corresponding author
Henry, Christiani Jeyakumar
ORCID
Venue
Nutrition & Diabetes
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2020-02-19
Volume
10
Issue
1
Pages
6-6
ISSN
2044-4052 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1038/s41387-020-0109-6
PMC
PMC7031264
OpenAlex
W3007731332
Cited by
174
References
91
Citations by year
2026: 25 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 3
FWCI
2.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nutrition and Diabetes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • National University of Singapore (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords
chrononutrition, circadian rhythm, type 2 diabetes, meal timing, chronotype, postprandial blood glucose, glycemic control, macronutrient composition, low glycaemic index foods, circadian clock
MeSH terms
Glycemic Control, Blood Glucose, Energy Intake, Circadian Rhythm, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diet, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fats, Dietary Proteins, Feeding Behavior, Female, Glucose, Humans, Male, Nutritive Value, Postprandial Period, Glycemic Index, Meals

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