Cited by 198Circadian rhythm and melatoninDietary Effects on HealthNutrition, Genetics, and Disease

Nutrients, Clock Genes, and Chrononutrition

Open access
Oike, Hideaki, Oishi, Katsutaka, Kobori, Masuko·2014·Current Nutrition Reports

Abstract

Circadian clocks that comprise clock genes exist throughout the body and control daily physiological events. The central clock that dominates activity rhythms is entrained by light/dark cycles, whereas peripheral clocks regulating local metabolic rhythms are determined by feeding/fasting cycles. Nutrients reset peripheral circadian clocks and the local clock genes control downstream metabolic processes. Metabolic states also affect the clockworks in feedback manners. Because the circadian system organizes whole energy homeostasis, including food intake, fat accumulation, and caloric expenditure, the disruption of circadian clocks leads to metabolic disorders. Recent findings show that time-restricted feeding during the active phase amplifies circadian clocks and improves metabolic disorders induced by a high-fat diet without caloric reduction, whereas unusual/irregular food intake induces various metabolic dysfunctions. Such evidence from nutrition studies that consider circadian system (chrononutrition) has rapidly accumulated. We review molecular relationships between circadian clocks and nutrition as well as recent chrononutrition findings.

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  • Modern lifestyle circadian disruptions include poor-quality diet, improper meal timing and altered feeding-fasting behavior, sub-optimal exercise timing, disrupted sleep-wake cycles, shift work, EDC, and stress.

    “These include poor-quality diet [232], improper meal timing and altered feeding-fasting behavior [233,234], sub-optimal exercise timing [235], disrupted sleep-wake cycles [236], shift work [237], EDC [238], and stress [239,240].”
  • Because breakfast is consumed after the longest fasting period of the day, it is usually the most important meal to modulate the phase of the liver clock.

    “In this context, because breakfast is consumed after the longest fasting period of the day, it is usually the most important meal to modulate the phase of the liver clock [270].”

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Authors
Oike, H., Oishi, K., & Kobori, M.
Affiliations
  • National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (JP)
  • Tokyo University of Science (JP)
Corresponding author
Oike, Hideaki
Venue
Current Nutrition Reports
Published
2014-04-27
Volume
3
Issue
3
Pages
204-212
ISSN
2161-3311 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2072829785
Cited by
198
References
101
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 2
FWCI
1.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Current Nutrition Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (25560066, 25702005, 25350179)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
Keywords
circadian clock, clock genes, chrononutrition, time-restricted feeding, metabolic disorders, high-fat diet, energy homeostasis, dietary intake, fat deposition, energy expenditure, circadian rhythm disruption

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