Clinical trial: multispecies probiotic supplementation alleviates the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and stabilizes intestinal microbiota
Open accessAbstract
Summary: Background Irritable bowel syndrome is the most common diagnosis in gastroenterology. Trials suggest certain probiotics to be beneficial. Aim To investigate the effects of multispecies probiotic supplementation ( Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, L. rhamnosus Lc705, Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii JS and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb12) on abdominal symptoms, quality of life, intestinal microbiota and inflammatory markers in irritable bowel syndrome. Methods Eighty‐six irritable bowel syndrome patients (Rome II criteria) participated in this randomized, placebo‐controlled 5‐month intervention. Patients were randomized to receive daily either multispecies probiotic supplementation or placebo. Irritable bowel syndrome symptoms, quality of life, microarray‐based intestinal microbiota stability ( n = 20), serum cytokines and sensitive C‐reactive protein were monitored. Results The composite irritable bowel syndrome score had at 5 months decreased 14 points (95% CI: −19 to −9) from baseline with the multispecies probiotic vs. three points (95% CI: −8 to 1) with placebo ( P = 0.0083). Especially, distension and abdominal pain were affected. A stabilization of the microbiota was observed, as the microbiota similarity index increased with the probiotic supplementation (1.9 ± 3.1), while it decreased with placebo (−2.9 ± 1.7). No differences were seen in C‐reactive protein. Conclusions This multispecies probiotic seems to be an effective and safe option to alleviate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, and to stabilize the intestinal microbiota.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
0 of 46 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged
- Findingown data§ Secondary outcome measures · p. 6
The probiotic treatment had a beneficial effect on the bowel symptoms domain of quality of life, with a median change of 0.62 points (95% CI 0.37-0.86) versus 0.37 points (95% CI 0.17-0.61) in placebo (P=0.045).
“The probiotic treatment had a beneficial effect on the bowel symptoms domain (Figure 3). The Hodges-Lehmann estimate for median change from baseline to the end of the study was 0.62 points (95% CI: 0.37-0.86) in the probiotic group vs. 0.37 points (95% CI: 0.17-0.61) in the placebo group ( P -value for difference between groups = 0.045).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Secondary outcome measures · p. 5
No differences between groups were seen in the prevalence of soft stools, hard stools or diarrhoea.
“No differences between the groups were seen in the prevalence of soft stools, hard stools or diarrhoea.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Adverse events and antimicrobial treatments · p. 7
At least one adverse event was reported by 10 of 43 probiotic recipients and 15 of 43 placebo recipients.
“Ten of the 43 subjects in the probiotic group and 15 of the 43 subjects in the placebo group reported at least one adverse event.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Adverse events and antimicrobial treatments · p. 8
Antimicrobial prescriptions did not differ between groups: 19% (8/43) in the probiotic group and 26% (11/43) in the placebo group (P = 0.436).
“There was no difference between the groups in antimicrobial treatments: 19% (eight of 43) of the subjects in the probiotic group, and 26% (11 of 43) in the placebo group were prescribed antimicrobials ( P = 0.436).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ DISCUSSION · p. 8
HRQL improved in the probiotic group for the bowel symptoms domain.
“One important finding of the present study is that the HRQL showed improvement in the probiotic group for the domain describing bowel symptoms.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
- Premisecitation§ I NTRODUCTION · p. 2
Higher concentrations of TNFa, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-12 in blood plasma or PBMCs have been linked to IBS.
“Elevated levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)a , interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and IL-12 in plasma or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have been connected to IBS. 2, 19, 20”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked - Premisecitation§ I NTRODUCTION · p. 2
Inflammation is present in IBS, as indicated by studies on mast cells and cytokines.
“Studies on mast cells and cytokines point out that inflammation is present in IBS. 2, 13-20”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 9 sources checked- cites [2] source
Not checked in the free run.
- cites [13] source
Not checked in the free run.
- cites [14] source
Not checked in the free run.
- cites [15] source
Not checked in the free run.
- cites [16] source
Not checked in the free run.
- cites [17] source
Not checked in the free run.
- cites [18] source
Not checked in the free run.
- cites [19] source
Not checked in the free run.
- cites [20] source
Not checked in the free run.
- Study design and conductown data§ Patient characteristics · p. 4
No differences between groups were seen in baseline characteristics.
“No differences between the groups were seen with respect to baseline characteristics.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Study design and conductreasoning§ DISCUSSION · p. 8
The HITChip partly overcomes microbiota analysis challenges by requiring no preselection of bacterial species or groups.
“The HITChip is one way to overcome part of the challenges in microbiota analysis, as no preselection of bacterial species or groups to be analysed needs to be done.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationown data§ DISCUSSION · p. 8
The treatment showed no effect on CRP or cytokines in this trial.
“In this trial, we failed to see an effect of the treatment on CRP and cytokines.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationown data§ DISCUSSION · p. 8
The probiotic appeared to stabilize the microbiota during continuous intake, evidenced by a rising similarity index in the trial's second half.
“One of the key findings of this trial is that the probiotic seemed to exert a stabilizing effect on the microbiota during continuous supplementation, as shown by the increase in similarity index during the second half of the study.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationown data§ DISCUSSION · p. 8
The probiotic modulated the microbiota early in supplementation, as indicated by a lower similarity index than placebo.
“Furthermore, results indicate that the probiotic did, at the beginning of supplementation, modulate the microbiota, as the similarity index was reduced compared to placebo.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Study design and conductown data§ DISCUSSION · p. 8
A study limitation was that many cytokine measurements fell below the detection limit.
“A limitation of our study was that such a high percentage of cytokines was below the detection limit.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationcitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8
This trial's results agree with earlier work on a comparable multispecies probiotic.
“The results of this study are consistent with our previous findings concerning a similar multispecies probiotic. 10”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [10] source
Not checked in the free run.
- Study design and conductnone given§ DISCUSSION · p. 8
This trial is the first probiotic clinical trial to use a novel high-throughput microarray that can simultaneously analyse all currently known intestinal bacterial species.
“In the current trial, we report for the first time in a clinical trial on probiotics, the use of a novel, highthroughput microarray enabling the simultaneous analysis of all the presently known intestinal bacterial species.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Interpretationreasoning§ DISCUSSION · p. 8
The size of symptom relief in both studies may be considered clinically significant.
“The magnitude of the symptom relief in both our studies may thus be regarded clinically significant.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
- May combine two claims. 34
- Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 22
May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Primary outcome measures · p. 4At 20 weeks, the composite IBS symptom score had decreased by 14 points (95% CI -19 to -9) from baseline with probiotic versus 3 points (95% CI -8 to 1) with placebo, with a significant between-group difference (P=0.0083).
“Compared to baseline, the IBS symptom score had, at 20 weeks, decreased 14 points (95% CI: ) 19 to ) 9) with the probiotic treatment vs. three points (95% CI: ) 8 to 1) in the placebo group ( P -value for difference between groups = 0.0083).”
- Also stated in: § Primary outcome measures · p. 4 · plain
“This represents a mean reduction of 37% in IBS score in the probiotic group compared to a 9% reduction in the placebo group.”
- Also stated in: § Results · p. 1 · plain
“The composite irritable bowel syndrome score had at 5 months decreased 14 points (95% CI: ) 19 to ) 9) from baseline with the multispecies probiotic vs. three points (95% CI: ) 8 to 1) with placebo ( P = 0.0083).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Also stated in: § Primary outcome measures · p. 4 · plain
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown data§ Results · p. 1No differences were seen in C-reactive protein.
“No differences were seen in C-reactive protein.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Results · p. 1The microbiota similarity index increased with probiotic supplementation (1.9 ± 3.1) and decreased with placebo (-2.9 ± 1.7), indicating stabilization.
“A stabilization of the microbiota was observed, as the microbiota similarity index increased with the probiotic supplementation (1.9 3.1), while it decreased with placebo ( ) 2.9 1.7).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Secondary outcome measures · p. 6In the trial, the average log similarity index from baseline to the intervention sample was 91.8 (s.d. 3.1) in the probiotic group and 94.5 (s.d. 1.3) in the placebo group, with a significant between-group difference (P = 0.026).
“Following the introduction of probiotics or placebo, the mean logarithmic similarity index between the baseline and the intervention sample (similarity index AB) was 91.8 (s.d. 3.1) in the probiotic group and 94.5 (s.d. 1.3) in the placebo group ( P = 0.026 for difference between groups).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Secondary outcome measures · p. 6In the 86 IBS patients, the abdominal pain score change from baseline to end of the 20-week trial was 0 (95% CI -2 to 2) in the placebo group and -3 (95% CI -5 to -2) in the probiotic group, with P = 0.052.
“| Abdominal pain | 6 (4) | 8 (6) | 0 ( ) 2 to 2) | ) 3 ( ) 5 to ) 2) | 0.052 |”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Secondary outcome measures · p. 6In the 86 IBS patients, the total IBS symptom score change from baseline to end of the 20-week trial was -3 (95% CI -8 to 1) in the placebo group and -14 (95% CI -19 to -9) in the probiotic group, with P = 0.0083.
“| Total IBS | 33 (16) | 38 (21) | ) 3 ( ) 8 to 1) | ) 14 ( ) 19 to ) 9) | 0.0083 |”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Secondary outcome measures · p. 7For health-related quality of life, the baseline-adjusted change to follow-up between groups had P = 0.045 for bowel symptoms, P = 0.087 for fatigue, P = 0.81 for activity limitations, and P = 0.72 for emotional function.
“P -values for baseline-adjusted change to follow-up between groups: bowel symptoms ( P = 0.045), fatigue ( P = 0.087), activity limitations ( P = 0.81) and emotional function ( P = 0.72).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Secondary outcome measures · p. 6In the 86 IBS patients, the flatulence score change from baseline to end of the 20-week trial was -2 (95% CI -4 to 0) in the placebo group and -4 (95% CI -6 to -2) in the probiotic group, with P = 0.11.
“| Flatulence | 12 (6) | 12 (6) | ) 2 ( ) 4 to 0) | ) 4 ( ) 6 to ) 2) | 0.11 |”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Secondary outcome measures · p. 6In the 86 IBS patients, the distension score change from baseline to end of the 20-week trial was -1 (95% CI -3 to 1) in the placebo group and -4 (95% CI -6 to -2) in the probiotic group, with P = 0.023.
“| Distension | 10 (7) | 11 (7) | ) 1 ( ) 3 to 1) | ) 4 ( ) 6 to ) 2) | 0.023 |”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Secondary outcome measures · p. 6The ratio of intervention to baseline CRP was 0.91 (95% CI 0.73-1.10) in the probiotic group and 1.16 (95% CI 0.85-1.47) in the placebo group, with no significant between-group difference (P = 0.21).
“The ratio of the intervention value to the baseline value was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.73-1.10) for the probiotic supplementation and 1.16 (95% CI: 0.85-1.47) for placebo ( P = 0.21). No differences were thus seen between the two groups in CRP.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Secondary outcome measures · p. 6In the 86 IBS patients, the rumbling score change from baseline to end of the 20-week trial was -1 (95% CI -2 to 0) in the placebo group and -3 (95% CI -4 to -1) in the probiotic group, with P = 0.086.
“| Rumbling | 5 (5) | 6 (6) | ) 1 ( ) 2 to 0) | ) 3 ( ) 4 to ) 1) | 0.086 |”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ DISCUSSION · p. 8In this trial, the composite IBS symptom score decreased by 37% in the probiotic group and 9% in the placebo group.
“In the earlier study, we saw a 42% reduction in the composite IBS symptom score, while we now observed a 37% decrease. The corresponding figures for the placebo group in the respective trials are 6% and 9%.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Secondary outcome measures · p. 6During the second half of the intervention, the similarity index rose by 1.87 (s.d. 3.13) with probiotic and fell by 2.93 (s.d. 1.68) with placebo; the between-group difference was -4.8 (95% CI -6.59 to -2.54), P = 0.0015.
“During the second half of the intervention period, a stabilization of the microbiota was observed with probiotic supplementation, as the similarity index increased with the probiotic supplementation (1.87 3.13) and decreased with placebo ( ) 2.93 1.68). The difference between the groups ( ) 4.8; 95% CI: ) 6.59 to ) 2.54) was significant ( P = 0.0015).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ DISCUSSION · p. 9The trial found that intestinal microbiota stabilization occurred alongside symptom reduction.
“Furthermore, we observed a concurrent stabilization of the intestinal microbiota with symptom reduction.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ I NTRODUCTION · p. 2Imbalanced microbiota may contribute to inflammation in IBS, since microbiota deviations have been observed in IBS and IBD studies suggest microbiota can trigger mucosal inflammation.
“Imbalanced microbiota may be one such factor, as deviations in microbiota have been seen in IBS 23-25 and as studies on inflammatory bowel disease imply that the microbiota is able to trigger mucosal inflammation. 26”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 4 sources checkedProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ I NTRODUCTION · p. 2Cytokines may influence epithelial cells, smooth muscle and enteric nerves, which supports a possible role in generating IBS symptoms.
“The possible role of cytokines in IBS symptom generation has found support in studies showing that cytokines influence epithelial cells, smooth muscle and enteric nerves. 22”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [22] source
Not checked in the free run.
May combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ I NTRODUCTION · p. 2The authors' earlier clinical trial found that a multispecies probiotic significantly alleviates IBS symptoms, but the mechanisms behind these effects remain unknown.
“We have recently shown in a clinical trial that a multispecies probiotic significantly alleviates IBS symptoms, but the mechanisms behind the effects are not known. 10”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [10] source
Not checked in the free run.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Study design and conductown data§ Statistics · p. 4Microbiota analyses were performed on a subgroup of 20 subjects, and serum analyses on the available samples (n=70).
“Analyses on questionnaire data were performed on the intention-to-treat population using the last-observationcarried-forward method, whereas analyses on faecal samples were performed on 20 subjects, and analysis on serum on the number of samples available ( n = 70).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductreasoning§ Sample size and randomization · p. 3The study randomized 43 patients per group instead of the 47 per group planned for 80% power at a 0.05 significance level, due to recruitment difficulties.
“With a power of 80% and at a significance level of 0.05, the difference between the groups would be statistically significant with 47 patients per group. For reasons of recruitment difficulties, 43 subjects per group were finally randomized to the study.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Interpretationown data§ Conclusions · p. 1The multispecies probiotic appears to be an effective and safe option for alleviating IBS symptoms and stabilizing the intestinal microbiota.
“This multispecies probiotic seems to be an effective and safe option to alleviate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, and to stabilize the intestinal microbiota.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Study design and conductown data§ Study design · p. 2The study was a 5-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group intervention with a 3-week washout before and a 3-week follow-up after.
“The study was a 5-month randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group intervention with a preceding 3-week washout period and a 3-week follow-up period.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Statistics · p. 4Questionnaire data were analysed on the intention-to-treat population using the last-observation-carried-forward method.
“Analyses on questionnaire data were performed on the intention-to-treat population using the last-observationcarried-forward method, whereas analyses on faecal samples were performed on 20 subjects, and analysis on serum on the number of samples available ( n = 70).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ I NTRODUCTION · p. 2Cytokines have shown responses to probiotic supplementation in several trials.
“Cytokines, on the other hand, have in several trials shown responses to probiotic supplementation. 21”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [21] source
Not checked in the free run.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Study design and conductown data§ Sample size and randomization · p. 3Randomization used a computer-generated, blocked list independent of the research group, with a block size of 4.
“Each subject was randomly allocated in the intervention groups according to a computer-generated, blocked randomization list independent of the research group, and with a block size of 4.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Study design and conductnone given§ Sample size and randomization · p. 3Patients, investigators, the doctor and the study nurse were blinded using randomization codes kept confidential until data analysis ended.
“The patients, the investigators, the doctor and the study nurse were blinded using randomization codes, which were kept confidential until the end of data analysis.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductown data§ Statistics · p. 4Cytokines were not statistically analysed because a high proportion of baseline samples fell below the detection limit.
“Cytokines were not statistically analysed as such a high percentage of the baseline samples were below the detection limit (IFNc : 64%, TNFa : 100%, IL-2: 89%, IL-4: 79%, IL-6: 64% and IL-10: 99%).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ I NTRODUCTION · p. 2Two different multispecies probiotic combinations have shown favourable effects on IBS symptoms: one containing two lactobacilli, one bifidobacteria and one propionic acid bacteria, and another containing eight strains (VSL#3).
“Furthermore, two different multispecies probiotics have shown favourable effects on symptoms of IBS: a combination of two lactobacilli, one bifidobacteria and one propionic acid bacteria, 10 as well as a combination of eight strains, VSL#3. 11, 12”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checkedClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Study design and conductnone given§ Statistics · p. 4No adjustment was made for multiple testing.
“No adjustment was made for multiple testing.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8IL-10 is important in IBS; the PBMC IL-10/IL-12 ratio is lower in IBS than in healthy people, and a Bifidobacterium can normalize this imbalance.
“Particularly, IL-10 seems to play an important role in IBS: the IL-10 / IL-12 ratio in PBMCs is lower in subjects with IBS vs . healthy individuals, and this dysregulation can be normalized by a Bifidobacterium . 2”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [2] source
Not checked in the free run.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Study design and conductown data§ DISCUSSION · p. 8Only 20 patients' samples were analysed for microbiota, so the results' relevance should be interpreted cautiously.
“It should, on the other hand, be kept in mind that only the samples of a subgroup of patients ( n = 20) were analysed for microbiota, and that the relevance of the results should therefore be interpreted with caution.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8No agreement exists on a clinically meaningful improvement threshold, though suggestions include about 50% improvement in the primary endpoint and 10-15% in the global outcome over placebo.
“There is no consensus as to what would constitute a clinically meaningful improvement, but an approximately 50% improvement in the primary end point and a 10-15% improvement in the global outcome measure over placebo has been suggested as clinically significant. 31, 32”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checkedProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8Plasma samples showed that multispecies probiotic supplementation raised IL-10 in infants with atopic eczema.
“Using plasma samples, an increase in IL-10 by multispecies probiotic supplementation in infants with atopic eczema has been documented. 37”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [37] source
Not checked in the free run.
May combine two claims.
Interpretationreasoning§ DISCUSSION · p. 8Immunological marker results depend on subjects and probiotic strain, and local mucosal markers may matter more than serum markers in IBS-type low-grade inflammation.
“Taken together, these findings suggest that results on immunological markers are dependent on the study subjects and on the probiotic strain used, and that the level of local, mucosal markers may be of greater importance than that of serum markers in IBS-type low-grade inflammation.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8Recent consensus reports advise using a single numerical index that combines IBS symptoms as a global measure.
“According to recent consensus reports, global symptom measures that integrate IBS symptoms into a single numerical index are recommended. 31, 32”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checkedMay combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8Only a few RCTs of probiotics in IBS have examined microbiota changes, leaving limited knowledge about how microbiota modulation relates to symptom relief.
“Few randomized-controlled trials on IBS and probiotics have investigated possible modifications of microbiota, and knowledge on the role of microbiota modulation in symptom relief is therefore limited. 6, 34”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checkedMay combine two claims.
Interpretationcitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8This trial is one of the earliest probiotic IBS trials to include an HRQL measure and show a benefit.
“This study is among the first probiotic trials on IBS that has integrated the HRQL measure and demonstrated a beneficial effect. Only one earlier trial has shown similar results, 2 whereas a second study with the same strain of Bifidobacterium failed to see an effect on HRQL. 3”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checkedMay combine two claims.
Interpretationcitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8Benefits were particularly seen for distension and pain, consistent with reports that some lactobacilli induce pain-sensing receptor expression in intestinal epithelial cells.
“Interestingly, we saw beneficial effects especially on distension and pain, as this agrees well with the recent findings that certain lactobacilli can induce the expression of pain-sensing receptors in intestinal epithelial cells. 33”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [33] source
Not checked in the free run.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8IBS patients may have a genetic predisposition to a proinflammatory state.
“Moreover, IBS patients appear to be genetically predisposed towards a proinflammatory state. 17, 18”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checkedMay combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8Microbiota stabilization may matter especially in IBS, since no single deviation is found in IBS microbiota but several bacterial composition changes have been described.
“A stabilization of the microbiota composition may be particularly important in IBS, as no single deviance has been identified in IBS microbiota, but various alterations in the bacterial composition have been characterized. 23-25, 35”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 4 sources checkedProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductown data§ Secondary outcome measures · p. 6Cytokine analysis was not performed statistically due to many baseline samples falling under the assay's detection threshold.
“Cytokines were not statistically analysed as such a high percentage of the baseline samples were below the detection limit.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8Knowledge about probiotics and CRP is limited; some strains appear to affect CRP while others do not.
“To date, not much is known about probiotics and CRP, but some strains seem to be able to influence CRP, whereas others have no effect. 37, 39, 40”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checkedMay combine two claims.
Interpretationown data§ DISCUSSION · p. 8The multispecies probiotic produced significant beneficial effects on IBS symptom severity, quality of life, and intestinal microbiota stability, but no effects on inflammatory markers.
“Significant beneficial effects by the probiotic were seen on the severity of IBS symptoms, on quality of life and on the stability of intestinal microbiota, whereas no effects were observed on inflammatory markers.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Interpretationown data§ DISCUSSION · p. 9A daily dose of 4.8 × 10^9 bacterial cells of the multispecies probiotic is effective for relieving IBS symptoms and improving HRQL.
“To conclude, our study provides evidence that a multispecies probiotic at a daily dose of 4.8 · 10 9 bacterial cells is effective in alleviating symptoms of IBS and improving HRQL.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8Gut microbiota composition is closely linked to inflammation.
“Microbiota composition is tightly interlinked with inflammation. 26”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [26] source
Not checked in the free run.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8Gut microbiota analysis is challenging because estimates suggest over 1000 bacterial species.
“It should also be taken into account that analysing intestinal microbiota is in general tremendously challenging, as current estimates are that the microbiota comprises more than 1000 bacterial species. 36”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [36] source
Not checked in the free run.
May combine two claims.
Interpretationreasoning§ REFERENCES · p. 9The multispecies probiotic may be an efficient and safe option for relieving IBS symptoms and stabilizing gut microbiota.
“This multispecies probiotic could thus be an efficient and safe alternative for alleviating IBS symptoms and stabilizing the intestinal microbiota.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Study design and conductcitation§ DISCUSSION · p. 8The HITChip improves study of complex ecosystems like gut microbiota; earlier real-time PCR could not detect changes in predominant microbiota of IBS patients receiving multispecies probiotics.
“This highlights the advances of the HITChip in investigating a complex ecosystem such as the intestinal microbiota, we were earlier unable to detect changes in the predominant microbiota of IBS patients on multispecies probiotic supplementation by applying real-time PCR. 34”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [34] source
Not checked in the free run.
The paper relies on this without support.
The mechanisms of action behind probiotics in IBS are largely unknown.
“Why certain strains are efficient while others are not is largely unknown, as are the mechanisms of action behind probiotics in IBS.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Not much research has focused on whether alleviation of IBS symptoms by probiotics is associated with microbiota modulation.
“However, not much research has been focused on whether alleviation of IBS symptoms by probiotics is associated with microbiota modulation.”
The paper relies on this without support.
No earlier report has described an overall stabilization of global microbiota composition by probiotics.
“Probiotics are considered to balance the microbiota, but an overall stabilization of the global microbiota composition has, to our knowledge, not been reported earlier.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Human gut diversity description is ongoing, so future phylogenetic studies will find new phylotypes absent from the current HITChip.
“However, the description of the human gastrointestinal tract diversity is an ongoing process, and thus each new phylogenetic study will reveal a number of new bacterial phylotypes that are not included on the current version of the HITChip.”
The paper relies on this without support.
PBMC cytokine release analysis is more common and seems more sensitive than blood cytokine measurement.
“It is more common to analyse the cytokine release from PBMCs than to measure blood values, and it appears that this approach is more sensitive.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
All three studies that examined flatus as a primary end point, and four of seven studies in which flatus was a secondary end point only, showed no significant difference between seven specific probiotic treatments and control.
“all three studies that examined flatus as a primary end point,30,57 and four of seven studies in which flatus was a secondary end point only,28–38 showed no significant difference between seven specific probiotic treatments and control.”
From Systematic review: probiotics in the management of lower gastrointestinal symptoms in clinical practice - an evidence-based international guide (2013) · cites this paper as [28]
Twelve studies evaluated abdominal pain as a secondary end point only, with mixed results: one reported a negative effect, eight reported no significant effect, and three reported a significant beneficial effect.
“Twelve studies evaluated abdominal pain as a secondary end point only. Results from these studies were mixed: one reported a negative effect of the specific probiotic treatment,59 eight (examining six different probiotics) reported no significant effect28–38 and three reported a significant beneficial effect of three different probiotics35,39”
From Systematic review: probiotics in the management of lower gastrointestinal symptoms in clinical practice - an evidence-based international guide (2013) · cites this paper as [28]
Two studies reported no difference between specific probiotic treatments and placebo, and one study reported a significant worsening of diarrhoea with the specific probiotic treatment compared with placebo.
“Two studies reported no difference between specific probiotic treatments and placebo,28–37 and one study reported a significant worsening of diarrhoea with the specific probiotic treatment compared with placebo.59”
From Systematic review: probiotics in the management of lower gastrointestinal symptoms in clinical practice - an evidence-based international guide (2013) · cites this paper as [28]
Most randomized controlled trials of multistrain probiotics in IBS provided daily doses in the range of 5-9 × 10^9 cfu, and in most cases reductions in symptom severity score were observed; some but not all products significantly reduced abdominal pain symptoms.
“Most of the products provided daily doses in the range of 5-9 • 10 9 cfu and, in most cases, reductions in symptom severity score were observed [17][18][19][20][21] and some, but not all, of the products significantly reduced abdominal pain symptoms.”
From Clinical trial: a multistrain probiotic preparation significantly reduces symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome in a double-blind placebo-controlled study (2009) · cites this paper as [17]
Probiotics might reshape the intestinal ecosystem, generating an ecological milieu unfavorable for the growth of harmful species by increasing the number of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria that stabilize the intestinal microbiota.
“However, it has been suggested that probiotics might reshape the intestinal ecosystem generating an ecological milieu that is unfavorable for the growth of harmful species by increasing the number of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria [199] that will stabilize the intestinal microbiota [174,179] .”
From Gut microbiota role in irritable bowel syndrome: New therapeutic strategies (2016) · cites this paper as [179]
Probiotics tested to date do not reduce diarrhea in patients with IBS, with very low grade of evidence.
“Probiotics tested to date do not reduce diarrhea in patients with IBS Very low [174,179,181-183,185,187]”
From Gut microbiota role in irritable bowel syndrome: New therapeutic strategies (2016) · cites this paper as [179]
Probiotics tested to date do not help reduce flatus in patients with IBS, with low grade of evidence.
“Probiotics tested to date do not help reduce flatus in patients with IBS Low [147,149-150,156,168,174-175, 178-179,184]”
From Gut microbiota role in irritable bowel syndrome: New therapeutic strategies (2016) · cites this paper as [179]
With specific probiotics, improvement of symptoms has been shown to lead to improvement in some aspects of health-related quality of life, with moderate grade of evidence.
“With specific probiotics, improvement of symptoms has been shown to lead to improvement in some aspects of health-related quality of life Moderate [147,150,152,155,169-170,174,176-177,179-180,183-184,186]”
From Gut microbiota role in irritable bowel syndrome: New therapeutic strategies (2016) · cites this paper as [179]
Cites
Functional bowel disorders and functional abdominal pain
Thompson, W. G., Longstreth, G. F., Drossman, D. A., Heaton, K. W., Irvine, E. J., & Müller-Lissner, S. A. (1999) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.45.2008.ii43 · Cited by 2,440 · see citing works
Barbara, G., Stanghellini, V., De Giorgio, R., Cremon, C., Cottrell, G. S., Santini, D., Pasquinelli, G., Morselli-Labate, A. M., Grady, E. F., Bunnett, N. W., et al. (2004) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2003.11.055 · Cited by 1,475 · see citing works
O’Mahony, L., McCarthy, J., Kelly, P., Hurley, G., Luo, F., Chen, K., O’Sullivan, G. C., Kiely, B., Collins, J. K., Shanahan, F., et al. (2005) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2004.11.050 · Cited by 1,448 · see citing works
AGA technical review on irritable bowel syndrome.
Drossman, D. A., Camilleri, M., Mayer, E. A., & Whitehead, W. E. (2002) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2002.37095 · Cited by 1,384 · see citing works
Kassinen, A., Krogius-Kurikka, L., Mäkivuokko, H., Rinttilä, T., Paulin, L., Corander, J., Malinen, E., Apajalahti, J., & Palva, A. (2007) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.04.005 · Cited by 1,002 · see citing works
Whorwell, P. J., Altringer, L., Morel, J., Bond, Y., Charbonneau, D., O'Mahony, L., Kiely, B., Shanahan, F., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2006) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00734.x · Cited by 799 · see citing works
Lactobacillus acidophilus modulates intestinal pain and induces opioid and cannabinoid receptors
Rousseaux, C., Thuru, X., Gelot, A., Barnich, N., Neut, C., Dubuquoy, L., Dubuquoy, C., Merour, E., Geboes, K., Chamaillard, M., et al. (2007) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1521 · Cited by 793 · see citing works
Malinen, E., Rinttila, T., Kajander, K., Matto, J., Kassinen, A., Krogius, L., Saarela, M., Korpela, R., & Palva, A. (2005) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.40312.x · Cited by 699 · see citing works
Self-citationImmune Activation in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Liebregts, T., Adam, B., Bredack, C., Röth, A., Heinzel, S., Lester, S., Downie–Doyle, S., Smith, E., Drew, P., Talley, N. J., et al. (2007) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.01.046 · Cited by 660 · see citing works
Nobaek, S., Johansson, M.-L., Molin, G., Ahrné, S., & Jeppsson, B. (2000) · American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.02015.x · Cited by 653 · see citing works
Dinan, T. G., Quigley, E. M. M., Ahmed, S. M. M., Scully, P., O’Brien, S., O’Mahony, L., O’Mahony, S., Shanahan, F., & Keeling, P. W. N. (2006) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.033 · Cited by 636 · see citing works
Diversity of the human gastrointestinal tract microbiota revisited
Rajilić‐Stojanović, M., Smidt, H., & De Vos, W. M. (2007) · Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01369.x · Cited by 559 · see citing works
Self-citationDesign of Treatment Trials for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
Irvine, E. J., Tack, J., Crowell, M. D., Gwee, K. A., Ke, M., Schmulson, M. J., Whitehead, W. E., & Spiegel, B. (2016) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2016.02.010 · Cited by 550 · see citing works
Collins, S. (1996) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(96)70034-3 · Cited by 511 · see citing works
Niedzielin, K., Kordecki, H., & Birkenfeld, B. (2001) · European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1097/00042737-200110000-00004 · Cited by 506 · see citing works
Increased mast cells in the irritable bowel syndrome
O’Sullivan, Clayton, Breslin, Harman, Bountra, Mclaren, & O’Morain (2000) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2982.2000.00221.x · Cited by 480 · see citing works
Kim, H. J., Camilleri, M., Mckinzie, S., Lempke, M. B., Burton, D. D., Thomforde, G. M., & Zinsmeister, A. R. (2003) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01543.x · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Gwee, K.-A. (2003) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.52.4.523 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Kim, H. J., Vazquez Roque, M. I., Camilleri, M., Stephens, D., Burton, D. D., Baxter, K., Thomforde, G., & Zinsmeister, A. R. (2005) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2005.00695.x · Cited by 400 · see citing works
Diarrhoea-predominant IBS patients show mast cell activation and hyperplasia in the jejunum
Guilarte, M., Santos, J., de Torres, I., Alonso, C., Vicario, M., Ramos, L., Martinez, C., Casellas, F., Saperas, E., & Malagelada, J. R. (2007) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2006.100594 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
GUYONNET, D., CHASSANY, O., DUCROTTE, P., PICARD, C., MOURET, M., MERCIER, C. ‐., & MATUCHANSKY, C. (2007) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03362.x · Cited by 365 · see citing works
KAJANDER, K., HATAKKA, K., POUSSA, T., FÄRKKILÄ, M., & KORPELA, R. (2005) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02579.x · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Self-citationLactobacillus GG effect in increasing IFN-γ production in infants with cow's milk allergy
Pohjavuori, E., Viljanen, M., Korpela, R., Kuitunen, M., Tiittanen, M., Vaarala, O., & Savilahti, E. (2004) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2004.03.036 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Self-citationMättö, J., Maunuksela, L., Kajander, K., Palva, A., Korpela, R., Kassinen, A., & Saarela, M. (2005) · FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.femsim.2004.08.009 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Self-citationDesign of Treatment Trials for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
Irvine, E. J., Whitehead, W. E., Chey, W. D., Matsueda, K., Shaw, M., Talley, N. J., & Veldhuyzen van Zanten, S. J. O. (2006) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.058 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Gonsalkorale, W. M., Perrey, C., Pravica, V, Whorwell, P. J., & Hutchinson, I. V. (2003) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.52.1.91 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Sen, S., Mullan, M. M., Parker, T. J., Woolner, J. T., Tarry, S. A., & Hunter, J. O. (2002) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1023/a:1020597001460 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
OʼSullivan, M. (2000) · Digestive and Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/s1590-8658(00)80021-3 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Linskens, R. K., Huijsdens, X. W., Savelkoul, P. H. M., Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C. M. J. E., & Meuwissen, S. G. M. (2001) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/003655201753265082 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
van der Veek, P. P. J., van den Berg, M., de Kroon, Y. E., Verspaget, H. W., & Masclee, A. A. M. (2005) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00257.x · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Myllyluoma, E., Veijola, L., Ahlroos, T., Tynkkynen, S., Kankuri, E. M., Vapaatalo, H., Rautelin, H. I. K., & Korpela, R. (2005) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02448.x · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Self-citationNIV, E., NAFTALI, T., HALLAK, R., & VAISMAN, N. (2005) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2005.06.001 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
A prospective randomised trial of probiotics in critically ill patients
MCNAUGHT, C., WOODCOCK, N., ANDERSON, A., & MACFIE, J. (2005) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2004.08.008 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Viljanen, M., Pohjavuori, E., Haahtela, T., Korpela, R., Kuitunen, M., Sarnesto, A., Vaarala, O., & Savilahti, E. (2005) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2005.03.047 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citationMaukonen, J., Satokari, R., Mättö, J., Söderlund, H., Mattila-Sandholm, T., & Saarela, M. (2006) · Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1099/jmm.0.46134-0 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
McNaught, C. E., Woodcock, N. P., MacFie, J., & Mitchell, C. J. (2002) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.51.6.827 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Probiotics: Immunomodulation and Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy
Ezendam, J., & Loveren, H. (2006) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2006.tb00168.x · Cited by 103 · see citing works
KAJANDER, K., KROGIUS‐KURIKKA, L., RINTTILÄ, T., KARJALAINEN, H., PALVA, A., & KORPELA, R. (2007) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03391.x · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citationClinical trial guidelines for pharmacological treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Corazziari, E., Bytzer, P., Delvaux, M., Holtmann, G., Malagelada, J. R., Morris, J., Muller‐Lissner, S., Spiller, R. C., Tack, J., & Whorwell, P. J. (2003) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01709.x · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Development of a Questionnaire to Measure Quality of Life in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Wong, E. Y. L., Guyatt, G. H., Cook, D. J., Griffith, L. E., & Irvine, E. J. (1998) · The European Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1080/11024159850191247 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Rajilić-Stojanović, M. D. (2007) · doi:10.18174/2282 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationDiversity of the human gastrointestinal microbiota
Rajilić-Stojanović, M. D., & de Vos, W. M. (2007) · TechnoRep (University of Belgrade – Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Rajilić–Stojanović, M., Biagi, E., Heilig, H. G. H. J., Kajander, K., Kekkonen, R. A., Tims, S., & de Vos, W. M. (2011) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.07.043 · Cited by 1,041 · see citing works
Self-citationPyrosequencing study of fecal microflora of autistic and control children
Finegold, S. M., Dowd, S. E., Gontcharova, V., Liu, C., Henley, K. E., Wolcott, R. D., Youn, E., Summanen, P. H., Granpeesheh, D., Dixon, D., et al. (2010) · Anaerobe · doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2010.06.008 · Cited by 977 · see citing works
Brain-gut-microbe communication in health and disease
Grenham, S., Clarke, G., Cryan, J. F., & Dinan, T. G. (2011) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2011.00094 · Cited by 952 · see citing works
Intestinal microbiota in functional bowel disorders: a Rome foundation report
Simrén, M., Barbara, G., Flint, H. J., Spiegel, B. M. R., Spiller, R. C., Vanner, S., Verdu, E. F., Whorwell, P. J., & Zoetendal, E. G. (2013) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302167 · Cited by 939 · see citing works
Self-citationClaesson, M. J., O’Sullivan, Ó., Wang, Q., Nikkilä, J., Marchesi, J. R., Smidt, H., de Vos, W. M., Ross, R. P., & O’Toole, P. W. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006669 · Cited by 880 · see citing works
Actinobacteria: A relevant minority for the maintenance of gut homeostasis
Binda, C., Lopetuso, L. R., Rizzatti, G., Gibiino, G., Cennamo, V., & Gasbarrini, A. (2018) · Digestive and Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/j.dld.2018.02.012 · Cited by 814 · see citing works
Ford, A. C., Quigley, E. M. M., Lacy, B. E., Lembo, A. J., Saito, Y. A., Schiller, L. R., Soffer, E. E., Spiegel, B. M. R., & Moayyedi, P. (2014) · American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2014.202 · Cited by 747 · see citing works
The efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review
Moayyedi, P., Ford, A. C., Talley, N. J., Cremonini, F., Foxx-Orenstein, A. E., Brandt, L. J., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2010) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2008.167270 · Cited by 728 · see citing works
Intestinal microbiota in human health and disease: the impact of probiotics
Gerritsen, J., Smidt, H., Rijkers, G. T., & de Vos, W. M. (2011) · Genes & Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s12263-011-0229-7 · Cited by 724 · see citing works
Ford, A. C., Moayyedi, P., Lacy, B. E., Lembo, A. J., Saito, Y. A., Schiller, L. R., Soffer, E., Spiegel, B. M. R., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2014) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2014.187 · Cited by 648 · see citing works
Ford, A. C., Harris, L. A., Lacy, B. E., Quigley, E. M. M., & Moayyedi, P. (2018) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.15001 · Cited by 619 · see citing works
Fate, activity, and impact of ingested bacteria within the human gut microbiota
Derrien, M., & van Hylckama Vlieg, J. E. T. (2015) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2015.03.002 · Cited by 605 · see citing works
Intestinal microbiota in health and disease: Role of bifidobacteria in gut homeostasis
Tojo, R. (2014) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i41.15163 · Cited by 533 · see citing works
An overview of the last advances in probiotic and prebiotic field
Saad, N., Delattre, C., Urdaci, M. C., Schmitter, J., & Bressollier, P. (2012) · LWT · doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2012.05.014 · Cited by 524 · see citing works
Bifidobacteria and Their Health-Promoting Effects
Hidalgo-Cantabrana, C., Delgado, S., Ruiz, L., Ruas-Madiedo, P., Sánchez, B., & Margolles, A. (2017) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.bad-0010-2016 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Health benefits of probiotics: are mixtures more effective than single strains?
Chapman, C. M. C., Gibson, G. R., & Rowland, I. R. (2011) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-010-0166-z · Cited by 476 · see citing works
American College of Gastroenterology Monograph on Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Ford, A. C., Moayyedi, P., Chey, W. D., Harris, L. A., Lacy, B. E., Saito, Y. A., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2018) · American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/s41395-018-0084-x · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Thirty Years of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
Capurso, L. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000001170 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Kelesidis, T., & Pothoulakis, C. (2012) · Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1177/1756283x11428502 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
The Utility of Probiotics in the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Brenner, D. M., Moeller, M. J., Chey, W. D., & Schoenfeld, P. S. (2009) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.25 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
The role of inflammation in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Ng, Q. X., Soh, A. Y. S., Loke, W., Lim, D. Y., & Yeo, W. S. (2018) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s174982 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Didari, T. (2015) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i10.3072 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Gut microbiota role in irritable bowel syndrome: New therapeutic strategies
Distrutti, E., Monaldi, L., Ricci, P., & Fiorucci, S. (2016) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i7.2219 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
A systematic review and meta-analysis: probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Hoveyda, N., Heneghan, C., Mahtani, K. R., Perera, R., Roberts, N., & Glasziou, P. (2009) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/1471-230x-9-15 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Guandalini, S., Magazzù, G., Chiaro, A., La Balestra, V., Di Nardo, G., Gopalan, S., Sibal, A., Romano, C., Canani, R. B., Lionetti, P., et al. (2010) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/mpg.0b013e3181ca4d95 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Exercise influence on the microbiome–gut–brain axis
Dalton, A., Mermier, C. M., & Zuhl, M. (2019) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2018.1562268 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Changes of the human gut microbiome induced by a fermented milk product
Veiga, P., Pons, N., Agrawal, A., Oozeer, R., Guyonnet, D., Brazeilles, R., Faurie, J., Vlieg, J. E. T. V. H., Houghton, L. A., Whorwell, P. J., et al. (2014) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep06328 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
The Impact of Probiotic on Gut Health
Collado, M. C., Isolauri, E., Salminen, S., & Sanz, Y. (2009) · Current Drug Metabolism · doi:10.2174/138920009787048437 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Irritable bowel syndrome, the microbiota and the gut-brain axis
Raskov, H., Burcharth, J., Pommergaard, H.-C., & Rosenberg, J. (2016) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2016.1218585 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Layer, P., Andresen, V., Pehl, C., Allescher, H. ‐., Bischoff, S., Claßen, M., Enck, P., Frieling, T., Haag, S., Holtmann, G., et al. (2011) · Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie · doi:10.1055/s-0029-1245976 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Gut Microbiota and Probiotics
Lee, B. J., & Bak, Y. (2011) · Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility · doi:10.5056/jnm.2011.17.3.252 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
An Evidence-Based Systematic Review on the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Brandt, L. J., Chey, W. D., Foxx-Orenstein, A. E., Quigley, E. M. M., Schiller, L. R., Schoenfeld, P. S., Spiegel, B. M., Talley, N. J., & Moayyedi, P. (2009) · American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.14309/00000434-200901001-00002 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Pathology of pain and its implications for therapeutic interventions
Cao, B., Xu, Q., Shi, Y., Zhao, R., Li, H., Zheng, J., Liu, F., Wan, Y., & Wei, B. (2024) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01845-w · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Clarke, G. A., Cryan, J. F., Dinan, T. G., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2012) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04965.x · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Association of symptoms with gastrointestinal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome
Malinen, E. (2010) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v16.i36.4532 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Hungin, A. P. S., Mulligan, C., Pot, B., Whorwell, P., Agréus, L., Fracasso, P., Lionis, C., Mendive, J., Philippart de Foy, J.-M., Rubin, G., et al. (2013) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.12460 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Meta-analysis: antibiotic therapy for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
Shah, S. C., Day, L. W., Somsouk, M., & Sewell, J. L. (2013) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.12479 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Probiotic Bacteria Influence the Composition and Function of the Intestinal Microbiota
O’Toole, P. W., & Cooney, J. C. (2008) · Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1155/2008/175285 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Parkes, G. C., Rayment, N. B., Hudspith, B. N., Petrovska, L., Lomer, M. C., Brostoff, J., Whelan, K., & Sanderson, J. D. (2012) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01803.x · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Review article: probiotics and prebiotics in irritable bowel syndrome
SPILLER, R. (2008) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03750.x · Cited by 190 · see citing works
ZENG, J., LI, Y. ‐., ZUO, X. ‐., ZHEN, Y. ‐., YANG, J., & LIU, C. ‐. (2008) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03818.x · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Interaction of probiotics and pathogens—benefits to human health?
Salminen, S., Nybom, S. M. K., Meriluoto, J. A. O., Collado, M. C., Vesterlund, S., & El-Nezami, H. S. (2010) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2010.03.016 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Ringel-Kulka, T., Palsson, O. S., Maier, D., Carroll, I., Galanko, J. A., Leyer, G., & Ringel, Y. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0b013e31820ca4d6 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Ponziani, F. R., Zocco, M. A., D’Aversa, F., Pompili, M., & Gasbarrini, A. (2017) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i25.4491 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Chapter 1 Understanding the Mechanisms by Which Probiotics Inhibit Gastrointestinal Pathogens
Corr, S. C., Hill, C., & Gahan, C. G. M. (2009) · Advances in food and nutrition research · doi:10.1016/s1043-4526(08)00601-3 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Parkes, G. C., Brostoff, J., Whelan, K., & Sanderson, J. D. (2008) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2008.01869.x · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Wang, H., Lü, M., Deng, Y., Liu, Y., Wei, X., Liu, M., Zhou, J., Ma, H., Zheng, P., Yuan, J., et al. (2018) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2018.11.018 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Saxelin, M., Lassig, A., Karjalainen, H., Tynkkynen, S., Surakka, A., Vapaatalo, H., Järvenpää, S. K., Korpela, R., Mutanen, M. L., & Hatakka, K. (2010) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.10.009 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Self-citationYoon, J. S., Sohn, W., Lee, O. Y., Lee, S. P., Lee, K. N., Jun, D. W., Lee, H. L., Yoon, B. C., Choi, H. S., Chung, W., et al. (2013) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1111/jgh.12322 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Lyra, A., Rinttilä, T., Nikkilä, J., Krogius-Kurikka, L., Kajander, K., Malinen, E., Mättö, J., Mäkelä, L., & Palva, A. (2009) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.15.5936 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Self-citationWILLIAMS, E. A., STIMPSON, J., WANG, D., PLUMMER, S., GARAIOVA, I., BARKER, M. E., & CORFE, B. M. (2009) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03848.x · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Hungin, A. P. S., Mitchell, C. R., Whorwell, P., Mulligan, C., Cole, O., Agréus, L., Fracasso, P., Lionis, C., Mendive, J., Philippart de Foy, J. ‐., et al. (2018) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.14539 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Rangel, I., Sundin, J., Fuentes, S., Repsilber, D., de Vos, W. M., & Brummer, R. J. (2015) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.13399 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Choi, C. H., Jo, S. Y., Park, H. J., Chang, S. K., Byeon, J.-S., & Myung, S.-J. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0b013e318204593e · Cited by 144 · see citing works
“B. infantis significantly alleviated abdominal pain/discomfort, bloating/distension, and bowel movement difficulty compared with placebo.34 In another study of 86 patients with IBS, probiotics improved the severity of IBS symptoms and QOL.43 However, a fermented milk containing 3 probiotic bacteria was not effective o…”
BackgroundEffectiveness of Multi-strain Versus Single-strain Probiotics
Ouwehand, A. C., Invernici, M. D. M., Furlaneto, F. A. C., & Messora, M. R. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000001052 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Rajkumar, H., Kumar, M., Das, N., Kumar, S. N., Challa, H. R., & Nagpal, R. (2015) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics · doi:10.1177/1074248414555004 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Dairy propionibacteria as human probiotics: A review of recent evidence
Cousin, F., Mater, D. D. G., Foligné, B., & Jan, G. (2010) · Dairy Science and Technology · doi:10.1051/dst/2010032 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Efficacy of Probiotics for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Zhang, T., Zhang, C., Zhang, J., Sun, F., & Duan, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.859967 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Morshedi, M., Hashemi, R., Moazzen, S., Sahebkar, A., & Hosseinifard, E.-S. (2019) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1611-4 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Intestinal Microbiota and its Role in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Öhman, L., & Simrén, M. (2013) · Current Gastroenterology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11894-013-0323-7 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Dairy Propionibacteria: Versatile Probiotics
Rabah, H., Carmo, F. L. R. D., & Jan, G. (2017) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms5020024 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Modulation of microbiota as treatment for intestinal inflammatory disorders: An uptodate
Gallo, A., Passaro, G., Gasbarrini, A., Landolfi, R., & Montalto, M. (2016) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i32.7186 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Hatakka, K., Holma, R., El-Nezami, H. S., Suomalainen, T., Kuisma, M., Saxelin, M., Poussa, T. A., Mykkänen, H. M., & Korpela, R. (2008) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.09.010 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationKekkonen, R. A., Kajasto, E., Miettinen, M., Veckman, V., Korpela, R., & Julkunen, I. (2008) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.14.1192 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationConsensus report: faecal microbiota transfer – clinical applications and procedures
König, J., Siebenhaar, A., Högenauer, C., Arkkila, P. E. T., Nieuwdorp, M., Norén, T., Ponsioen, C. Y., Rosien, U., Rossen, N., Satokari, R. M., et al. (2016) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.13868 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Gholizadeh, P., Mahallei, M., Pormohammad, A., Varshochi, M., Ganbarov, K., Zeinalzadeh, E., Yousefi, B., Bastami, M., Tanomand, A., Mahmood, S. S., et al. (2018) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2018.11.031 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Parkes, G. C., Sanderson, J. D., & Whelan, K. (2009) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(09)70059-3 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Mazidi, M., Rezaie, P., Ferns, G. A., & Vatanparast, H. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9010020 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Haller, D., Antoine, J., Bengmark, S., Enck, P., Rijkers, G. T., & Lenoir‐Wijnkoop, I. (2010) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.109.113746 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Ligaarden, S. C., Axelsson, L., Naterstad, K., Lydersen, S., & Farup, P. G. (2010) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/1471-230x-10-16 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Effect of probiotic species on irritable bowel syndrome symptoms: A bring up to date meta-analysis
Ortiz-Lucas, M., Aurelio, T., Saz, P., & Sebastián, J. J. (2013) · Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas · doi:10.4321/s1130-01082013000100005 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Giannetti, E., Maglione, M., Alessandrella, A., Strisciuglio, C., De Giovanni, D., Campanozzi, A., Miele, E., & Staiano, A. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000000528 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Characterization of the intestinal microbiota and its interaction with probiotics and health impacts
de Almada, C. N., de Almada, C. N., Martinez, R. C. R., & Sant’Ana, A. S. (2015) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-015-6582-5 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Barouei, J., Moussavi, M., & Hodgson, D. M. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0046051 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Charbonneau, D., Gibb, R. D., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2013) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.4161/gmic.24196 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Dolin, B. J. (2009) · Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1358/mf.2009.31.10.1441078 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Efficacy and Safety of Probiotics in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Li, B., Li, L., Deng, H., Guo, J., Shu, H., & Zhang, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00332 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
McFarland, L. V., Karakan, T., & Karataş, A. (2021) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101154 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Probiotics and health: a review of the evidence
Weichselbaum, E. (2009) · Nutrition Bulletin · doi:10.1111/j.1467-3010.2009.01782.x · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Biotechnology of health-promoting bacteria
Douillard, F. P., & de Vos, W. M. (2019) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.008 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Draper, L. A., Ryan, F. J., Dalmasso, M., Casey, P. G., McCann, A., Velayudhan, V., Ross, R. P., & Hill, C. (2020) · BMC Biology · doi:10.1186/s12915-020-00906-0 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Characterization of bacterial isolates from the microbiota of mothers’ breast milk and their infants
Kozak, K., Charbonneau, D., Sanozky-Dawes, R., & Klaenhammer, T. (2015) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2015.1103425 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Niu, H.-L., & Xiao, J. (2020) · International Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.01.142 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Storr, M., Yüce, B., Andrews, C. N., & Sharkey, K. A. (2008) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2008.01175.x · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Lyra, A., Krogius-Kurikka, L., Nikkilä, J., Malinen, E., Kajander, K., Kurikka, K., Korpela, R., & Palva, A. (2010) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/1471-230x-10-110 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationAsha, M. Z., & Khalil, S. F. H. (2020) · Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · doi:10.18295/squmj.2020.20.01.003 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Stevenson, C., Blaauw, R., Fredericks, E., Visser, J., & Roux, S. (2014) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2014.02.010 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Contribution of the Intestinal Microbiota to Human Health: From Birth to 100 Years of Age
Cheng, J., Palva, A., de Vos, W. M., & Satokari, R. M. (2011) · Current topics in microbiology and immunology · doi:10.1007/82_2011_189 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Instability of the faecal microbiota in diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome
Durbán, A., Abellán, J. J., Jiménez-Hernández, N., Artacho, A., Garrigues, V., Ortiz, V., Ponce, J., Latorre, A., & Moya, A. (2013) · FEMS Microbiology Ecology · doi:10.1111/1574-6941.12184 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Modulation of the gut microbiota: a focus on treatments for irritable bowel syndrome
Harris, L. A., & Baffy, N. J. (2017) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.1080/00325481.2017.1383819 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Begtrup, L. M., de Muckadell, O. B. S., Kjeldsen, J., Christensen, R. D., & Jarbøl, D. E. (2013) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3109/00365521.2013.825314 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Mezzasalma, V., Manfrini, E., Ferri, E., Sandionigi, A., La Ferla, B., Schiano, I., Michelotti, A., Nobile, V., Labra, M., & Di Gennaro, P. (2016) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2016/4740907 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Irritable bowel syndrome: Role of food in pathogenesis and management
Morcos, A. I., Dinan, T. G., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2009) · Journal of Digestive Diseases · doi:10.1111/j.1751-2980.2009.00392.x · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Soares, M. B., de Almada, C. N., Pereira, E. P. R., Ferreira, B. M., Balthazar, C. F., Khorshidian, N., Rocha, R. S., Xavier-Santos, D., da Cruz, A. G., Ranadheera, C. S., et al. (2023) · Trends in Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2023.06.029 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Baştürk, A., Artan, R., & Yılmaz, A. (2016) · The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.5152/tjg.2016.16301 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
McKenzie, Y. A., Thompson, J., Gulia, P., & Lomer, M. C. E. (2016) · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1111/jhn.12386 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Probiotics in the gastrointestinal diseases of the elderly
Malaguarnera, G., Leggio, F., Vacante, M., Motta, M., Giordano, M., Biondi, A., Basile, F., Mastrojeni, S., Mistretta, A., Malaguarnera, M., et al. (2011) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-011-0357-1 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Matijašić, B. B., Obermajer, T., Lipoglavšek, L., Sernel, T., Locatelli, I., Kos, M., Šmid, A., & Rogelj, I. (2016) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2015-10743 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Layer, P., Andresen, V., Allescher, H. ‐., Bischoff, S. C., Claßen, M., Elsenbruch, S., Freitag, M., Frieling, T., Gebhard, M., Goebel‐Stengel, M., et al. (2021) · Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie · doi:10.1055/a-1591-4794 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Probiotics in the Management of Functional Bowel Disorders
Quigley, E. M. M. (2012) · Gastroenterology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2012.08.005 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
- Authors
- KAJANDER, K., MYLLYLUOMA, E., RAJILIĆ‐STOJANOVIĆ, M., KYRÖNPALO, S., RASMUSSEN, M., JÄRVENPÄÄ, S., ZOETENDAL, E. G., DE VOS, W. M., VAPAATALO, H., & KORPELA, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Corresponding author
- KORPELA, R.
- Venue
- Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-10-06
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 48-57
- ISSN
- 0269-2813 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2036
- OpenAlex
- W1654600679
- Semantic Scholar
- 081e98f54f94d96c879f2c2f956a2d461fe4c98c
- Cited by
- 367
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 24.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- TechnoRep (University of Belgrade – Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Valio
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- irritable bowel syndrome, multispecies probiotics, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, quality of life, C-reactive protein, serum cytokines, Rome II criteria
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, C-Reactive Protein, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Intestines, Male, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Interleukin-10, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Probiotics, Irritable Bowel Syndrome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Claims read by deepseek-v4.1-flash under definition version 3 (extract-v3) on 2026-10-05.
Classified by jev-1.13-20260917 (gold-guideline-v0.2) on 2026-10-05.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
