The Fecal Microbiota of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients Differs Significantly From That of Healthy Subjects
Open accessAbstract
Background & aims Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a significant gastrointestinal disorder with unknown etiology. The symptoms can greatly weaken patients' quality of life and account for notable economical costs for society. Contribution of the gastrointestinal microbiota in IBS has been suggested. Our objective was to characterize putative differences in gastrointestinal microbiota between patients with IBS and control subjects. These differences could potentially have a causal relationship with the syndrome.Methods Microbial genomes from fecal samples of 24 patients with IBS and 23 controls were collected, pooled in a groupwise manner, and fractionated according to their guanine cytosine content. Selected fractions were analyzed by extensive high-throughput 16S ribosomal RNA gene cloning and sequencing of 3753 clones. Some of the revealed phylogenetic differences were further confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays on individual samples.Results The coverage of the clone libraries of IBS subtypes and control subjects differed significantly (P < .0253). The samples were also distinguishable by the Bayesian analysis of bacterial population structure. Moreover, significant (P < .05) differences between the clone libraries were found in several bacterial genera, which could be verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays of phylotypes belonging to the genera Coprococcus, Collinsella, and Coprobacillus.Conclusions The study showed that fecal microbiota is significantly altered in IBS. Further studies on molecular mechanisms underlying these alterations are needed to elucidate the exact role of intestinal bacteria in IBS.
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The colonic microbiome is altered in patients with IBS compared with healthy controls.
“others have shown that the colonic microbiome is altered in patients with IBS, when compared with healthy controls. 15 - 18”
From Efficacy of Probiotics in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [18]
The faecal microbiome of patients with IBS may differ significantly from that of healthy individuals.
“The faecal microbiome of patients with IBS may differ significantly from that of healthy individuals.216”
From British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on the management of irritable bowel syndrome (2021) · cites this paper as [216]
The consortium and dose used in this study had previously proved effective in prevention of Clostridium difficile in vivo and in modulation of the composition of the intestinal re-growth population following antibiotic therapy.
“The consortium and dose used in this study had previously proved effective in both prevention of Clostridium difficile in vivo 8,9 and the modulation of the composition of the intestinal re-growth population following antibiotic therapy.10,11”
Kassinen et al. showed that both the lactobacillus and bifidobacterial components of the microbiota of IBS sufferers were present in lower numbers than in controls, suggesting a value for intervention strategies comprising both organisms.
“Kassinen et al. 8 have shown that both the lactobacillus and the bifidobacterial components of the microbiota of IBS sufferers were present in lower numbers than in the controls suggesting a value for intervention strategies comprising both organisms.”
Imbalanced microbiota may contribute to inflammation in IBS, since microbiota deviations have been observed in IBS and IBD studies suggest microbiota can trigger mucosal inflammation.
“Imbalanced microbiota may be one such factor, as deviations in microbiota have been seen in IBS 23-25 and as studies on inflammatory bowel disease imply that the microbiota is able to trigger mucosal inflammation. 26”
From Clinical trial: multispecies probiotic supplementation alleviates the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and stabilizes intestinal microbiota (2008) · cites this paper as [25]
Microbiota stabilization may matter especially in IBS, since no single deviation is found in IBS microbiota but several bacterial composition changes have been described.
“A stabilization of the microbiota composition may be particularly important in IBS, as no single deviance has been identified in IBS microbiota, but various alterations in the bacterial composition have been characterized. 23-25, 35”
From Clinical trial: multispecies probiotic supplementation alleviates the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and stabilizes intestinal microbiota (2008) · cites this paper as [25]
Recent studies using advanced molecular biology techniques have demonstrated quantitative alterations of specific bacterial groups in patients with IBS compared with healthy controls.
“Recent studies using these advanced molecular biology techniques have demonstrated quantitative alterations of specific bacterial groups (33, 34, 81, 85, 142, 154) and reduced diversity in gut microbial populations in patients with IBS compared with healthy controls (33, 40).”
From Intestinal microbiota and immune function in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (2013) · cites this paper as [85]
Elevations in the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio have been associated with a high-fat diet and obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, hypertension, type 1 diabetes, and HIV.
“Elevations in the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio have been associated with a high-fat diet and obesity[274,328,329], irritable bowel syndrome[330], hypertension[331], type 1 diabetes[276], and HIV[332].”
From Enterosalivary nitrate metabolism and the microbiome: Intersection of microbial metabolism, nitric oxide and diet in cardiac and pulmonary vascular health (2017) · cites this paper as [330]
Abnormal gastrointestinal motility and secretion is implicated as a cause of alterations in bowel habits in IBS.
“A departure from the physiological balance of the enteric microbiota has been suggested as a factor in the pathophysiology of IBS, a condition in which abnormal gastrointestinal motility and secretion is implicated as a cause of alterations in bowel habits.79”
From Principles and clinical implications of the brain-gut-enteric microbiota axis (2009) · cites this paper as [79]
A departure from the physiological balance of the enteric microbiota has been suggested as a factor in the pathophysiology of IBS.
“A departure from the physiological balance of the enteric microbiota has been suggested as a factor in the pathophysiology of IBS, a condition in which abnormal gastrointestinal motility and secretion is implicated as a cause of alterations in bowel habits.79”
From Principles and clinical implications of the brain-gut-enteric microbiota axis (2009) · cites this paper as [79]
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- Authors
- Kassinen, A., Krogius-Kurikka, L., Mäkivuokko, H., Rinttilä, T., Paulin, L., Corander, J., Malinen, E., Apajalahti, J., & Palva, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Palva, Airi
- Venue
- Gastroenterology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-07
- Volume
- 133
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 24-33
- ISSN
- 0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2024601462
- Cited by
- 1,002
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 61 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 67 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 83 · 2013: 66 · 2012: 78
- FWCI
- 22.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Microscopic Colitis
- Keywords
- irritable bowel syndrome, fecal microbiota, gut microbiota, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, bacterial population structure, Coprococcus, Collinsella, Coprobacillus, IBS subtypes, bacterial phylotypes
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Bacteria, Base Composition, Bayes Theorem, Cloning, Molecular, DNA, Bacterial, Feces, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Phylogeny, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Gene Library, Irritable Bowel Syndrome
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