Cited by 1,136Fungal and yeast genetics researchBacterial Genetics and BiotechnologyProtein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling

Cell Wall Integrity Signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Levin, David E.·2005·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews

Abstract

SUMMARY: The yeast cell wall is a highly dynamic structure that is responsible for protecting the cell from rapid changes in external osmotic potential. The wall is also critical for cell expansion during growth and morphogenesis. This review discusses recent advances in understanding the various signal transduction pathways that allow cells to monitor the state of the cell wall and respond to environmental challenges to this structure. The cell wall integrity signaling pathway controlled by the small G-protein Rho1 is principally responsible for orchestrating changes to the cell wall periodically through the cell cycle and in response to various forms of cell wall stress. This signaling pathway acts through direct control of wall biosynthetic enzymes, transcriptional regulation of cell wall-related genes, and polarization of the actin cytoskeleton. However, additional signaling pathways interface both with the cell wall integrity signaling pathway and with the actin cytoskeleton to coordinate polarized secretion with cell wall expansion. These include Ca 2+ signaling, phosphatidylinositide signaling at the plasma membrane, sphingoid base signaling through the Pkh1 and -2 protein kinases, Tor kinase signaling, and pathways controlled by the Rho3, Rho4, and Cdc42 G-proteins.

Integrity signals

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Crossref · 10.1128/mmbr.69.2.262-291.2005

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393 of 393 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • In S. cerevisiae, Rlm1 is the major regulator of cell wall integrity and its transcriptional output includes genes involved in cell wall biogenesis, while SBF is a cell cycle transcription factor that regulates transcription of cell wall-related genes including FKS2 under conditions of cell wall stress.

    “In S. cerevisiae, Rlm1 is the major regulator of cell wall integrity and its transcriptional output includes genes involved in cell wall biogenesis, while SBF is a cell cycle transcription factor that regulates the transcription of cell wall-related genes including FKS2 under conditions of cell wall stress84.”

    From Molecular mechanisms governing antifungal drug resistance (2023) · cites this paper as [84]

  • The cell wall integrity pathway is of particular importance upon echinocandin exposure and regulates glucan synthesis through Rho1 and cell wall repair.

    “Of particular importance upon echinocandin exposure is the cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway, which regulates glucan synthesis through Rho1 and cell wall repair (Levin, 2005).”

    From Genetic Drivers of Multidrug Resistance in Candida glabrata (2016) · cites this paper as Levin, 2005

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Authors
Levin, D. E.
Affiliations
Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author
Levin, David E.
Venue
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
Published
2005-06
Volume
69
Issue
2
Pages
262-291
ISSN
  • 1092-2172 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-5557
OpenAlex
W2157937554
Cited by
1,136
References
393
Citations by year
2026: 35 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 49 · 2014: 66 · 2013: 53 · 2012: 76
FWCI
5.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM48533, R01GM048533)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
Keywords
cell wall integrity signaling, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cell wall stress, osmotic stress, cell wall expansion, polarized secretion, calcium signaling, phosphoinositide signaling, Cdc42, cell wall biosynthesis, transcriptional regulation
MeSH terms
Cell Wall, Enzyme Activation, Protein Kinase C, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Signal Transduction, Drug Delivery Systems, rho GTP-Binding Proteins, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins

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