Theories on the pathogenesis of endometriosis
Open accessAbstract
Endometriosis is a common, chronic inflammatory disease defined by the presence of extrauterine endometrial tissue. The aetiology of endometriosis is complex and multifactorial, where several not fully confirmed theories describe its pathogenesis. This review examines existing theories on the initiation and propagation of different types of endometriotic lesions, as well as critically appraises the myriad of biologically relevant evidence that support or oppose each of the proposed theories. The current literature suggests that stem cells, dysfunctional immune response, genetic predisposition, and aberrant peritoneal environment may all be involved in the establishment and propagation of endometriotic lesions. An orchestrated scientific and clinical effort is needed to consider all factors involved in the pathogenesis of this multifaceted disease and to propose novel therapeutic targets to reach effective treatments for this distressing condition.
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Let-7b microRNAs influence the expression of ER-α, ER-ß, Cyp19, KRAS 4A, KRAS 4B, and IL-6 genes.
“In the paper of Sahin et al., Let-7b microRNAs have been shown to influence the expression of the ER-α, ER-ß, Cyp19, KRAS 4A, KRAS 4B, and IL-6 genes [146].”
From Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Classification, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Genetics (Review of Literature) (2021) · cites this paper as [146]
Monthly bleeding within foci of endometriosis triggers an immune response, causing the foci to increase.
“There is monthly bleeding within them, which trigger an immune response. This causes the foci of endometriosis to increase [146].”
From Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Classification, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Genetics (Review of Literature) (2021) · cites this paper as [146]
Endometriosis is likely the result of a complex multi-factorial phenomenon involving initiating, propagating and predisposing factors influenced by genetic, epigenetic, immune, hormonal and environmental components.
“Endometriosis is likely the result of a complex multi-factorial phenomenon that involves initiating, propagating and predisposing factors, which are in turn influenced by genetic, epigenetic, immune, hormonal and environmental components [ 28 ].”
From Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review and Multidisciplinary Approach to Management (2024) · cites this paper as [28]
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Yang, Y., Lai, H., Li, Z., & Zhang, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1409469 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
- Authors
- Sourial, S., Tempest, N., & Hapangama, D. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Hapangama, Dharani K.
- Venue
- International Journal of Reproductive Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 2014
- Pages
- 1-9
- ISSN
- 2314-5757 (ISSN-L)
- 2356-7104
- PMC
- PMC4334056
- OpenAlex
- W2010578943
- Cited by
- 418
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 49 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 3.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Reproductive Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellbeing of Women (ELS089, RG1073)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gynecological conditions and treatments
- Keywords
- endometriosis, pathogenesis, etiology, stem cells, immune dysfunction, genetic susceptibility, chronic inflammation, therapeutic target
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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