The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Human Resource Bundles and Manufacturing Performance: Organizational Logic and Flexible Production Systems in the World Auto Industry
Abstract
Using a unique international data set from a 1989–90 survey of 62 automotive assembly plants, the author tests two hypotheses: that innovative HR practices affect performance not individually but as interrelated elements in an internally consistent HR “bundle” or system; and that these HR bundles contribute most to assembly plant productivity and quality when they are integrated with manufacturing policies under the “organizational logic” of a flexible production system. Analysis of the survey data, which tests three indices representing distinct bundles of human resource and manufacturing practices, supports both hypotheses. Flexible production plants with team-based work systems, “high-commitment” HR practices (such as contingent compensation and extensive training), and low inventory and repair buffers consistently outperformed mass production plants. Variables capturing two-way and three-way interactions among the bundles of practices are even better predictors of performance, supporting the integration hypothesis.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“We did not find practices such as quality circles or team improvement workshops that are otherwise a core element of lean production concepts (Adler & Borys, 1996;Macduffie, 1995;Vidal, 2022).”
From Between control and participation: The politics of algorithmic management (2025) · cites this paper as Macduffie, 1995
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and the replication of technology
Kogut, B., & Zander, U. (1992) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.3.3.383 · Cited by 12,939
Trist, E. L., & Bamforth, K. W. (1951) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/001872675100400101 · Cited by 3,379
Research works printed but not linked: 70
- Adler Paul S., 1992, Research in Organizational Behavior
- Adler Paul S. 1993. “Time-and-Motion Regained.” Harvard Business Review (Jan.–Feb.), pp. 97–108.
- Adler Paul S., Cole Robert E., 1993. “Designed to Learn: A Tale of Two Auto Plants.” Sloan Management Review (Spring), pp. 33–45.
- 10.4135/9781412983648 · DOI
- 10.1177/001979399204500306 · DOI · Paper page
- Bailey Thomas, 1992, “Discretionary Effort and the Organization of Work: Employee Participation and Work Reform Since Hawthorne.”
- Berggren Christian, 1992, Alternatives to Lean Production: Work Organization in the Swedish Auto Industry
- 10.1007/BF00160183 · DOI
- Blalock H. M., 1979, Social Statistics
- Block Richard, 1987, Human Resources and the Performance of the Firm
- 10.1086/260677 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.2307/41166581 · DOI
- Cappelli Peter, 1992, Research Frontiers in Industrial Relations, 165
- 10.5465/amr.1980.4288887 · DOI
- Clark Kim, 1980, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 34, 466
- Clark Kim, 1991, Product Development Performance
- Cole Robert E., 1979, Work, Mobility, and Participation: A Comparative Study of Japanese and American Industry, 10.1525/9780520378919 · DOI
- Cole Robert E., 1992, Technology and the Future of Work, 187, 10.1093/oso/9780195071719.003.0007 · DOI
- 10.1037/0033-2909.102.3.414 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.2307/j.ctt1tg5kjw · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1177/001979399104400204 · DOI · Paper page
- DeVellis Robert F., 1991, Scale Development: Theory and Applications
- Dore Ronald P., 1992, Transforming Organizations, 17, 10.1093/oso/9780195065046.003.0002 · DOI
- Ebrahimpour Maling, Lee Sang. 1988. “Quality Management Practices of American and Japanese Electronic Firms in the U.S.” Production and Inventory Management Journal (4th qtr.), pp. 28–31.
- Emery Fred, 1976, Democracy at Work
- Everitt Brian, 1980, Cluster Analysis
- 10.2307/2096111 · DOI · Paper page
- Fucini J., 1990, Working for the Japanese: Inside Mazda's American Auto Plant
- 10.1177/0730888493020002002 · DOI
- Hackman J. Richard, 1985, Doing Research That Is Useful for Theory and Practice
- Hayes Robert, 1985, The Uneasy Alliance
- 10.2307/3117265 · DOI · Paper page
- Huselid Mark, 1993, “Human Resource Management Practices and Firm Performance.”
- Huxley Christopher, 1991, “Team Concept: A Case Study of Japanese Management in a Unionized Canadian Auto Plant.”
- Ichniowski Casey, 1991, “Human Resource Management Systems and the Performance of U.S. Manufacturing Businesses.”
- Ichniowski Casey, 1993, “The Effect of Human Resource Management Practices on Productivity.”
- Imai Kenichi, 1986, Kaizen
- Jaccard James, 1990, Interaction Effects in Multiple Regression
- Katz Harry, 1992, Research Frontiers in Industrial Relations, 43
- 10.1177/001979398303700101 · DOI
- Katz Harry, 1988, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 3, 685
- 10.2307/256111 · DOI
- Kochan Thomas A., 1991, Handbook of Industrial Engineering, 798
- Krafcik John F., 1988, “Comparative Analysis of Performance Indicators at World Auto Assembly Plants.”
- Lawler Edward E., 1992, Employee Involvement and TQM: Practice and Results in Fortune 1000 Companies
- 10.2307/41166630 · DOI · Paper page
- MacDuffie John Paul, 1991, “Beyond Mass Production: Flexible Production Systems and Manufacturing Performance in the World Auto Industry.”
- MacDuffie John Paul, 1992, Transforming Organizations, 209
- Maddala G. S., 1977, Econometrics
- 10.2307/256809 · DOI · Paper page
- Milgrom Paul, 1993, “Complementarities and Fit: Strategy, Structure, and Organizational Change.”
- 10.2307/255551 · DOI · Paper page
- Mitchell Daniel J.B., 1990, Paying for Productivity, 15
- Monden Yasuhiro, 1983, Toyota Production System
- Nishiguchi Toshihiro, 1993, Strategic Industrial Sourcing: The Japanese Advantage
- Ono Taiichi, 1988, Workplace Management
- Osterman Paul, 1987, Industrial Relations, 27, 46, 10.1111/j.1468-232X.1987.tb00693.x · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1177/001979399404700202 · DOI · Paper page
- Parker Mike, 1988, Choosing Sides: Unions and the Team Concept
- Pasmore William, 1988, Designing Effective Organizations: The Socio-Technical Systems Perspective
- 10.2307/41165742 · DOI
- Rubenstein Saul, 1993, Employee Representation: Alternatives and Future Directions
- Schonberger Richard, 1982, Japanese Manufacturing Techniques
- Shimada Haruo, 1986, “Industrial Relations and ‘Humanware’: Japanese Investments in Automobile Manufacturing in the United States.”
- 10.2307/256484 · DOI · Paper page
- Trist Eric, 1951, Human Relations, 4, 6
- 10.1287/orsc.1.1.99 · DOI
- Useem Michael, 1993, Executive Defense: Shareholder Power and Corporate Reorganization
- Weitzman Martin, 1990, Paying for Productivity, 95
- Womack James, 1990, The Machine That Changed the World
Cited by
HUSELID, M. A. (1995) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256741 · Cited by 9,342
What Firms Do? Coordination, Identity, and Learning
Kogut, B., & Zander, U. (1996) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.7.5.502 · Cited by 3,078
Understanding HRM–Firm Performance Linkages: The Role of the “Strength” of the HRM System
Bowen, D. E., & Ostroff, C. (2004) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2004.12736076 · Cited by 2,996
Lean manufacturing: context, practice bundles, and performance
Shah, R., & Ward, P. T. (2003) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1016/s0272-6963(02)00108-0 · Cited by 2,897
Defining and developing measures of lean production
Shah, R., & Ward, P. T. (2007) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1016/j.jom.2007.01.019 · Cited by 2,399
Adaptation on Rugged Landscapes
Levinthal, D. A. (1997) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.43.7.934 · Cited by 2,254
A set-theoretic approach to organizational configurations
Fiss, P. C. (2007) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2007.26586092 · Cited by 2,225
Kalev, A., Dobbin, F., & Kelly, E. (2006) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/000312240607100404 · Cited by 2,052
Strategic talent management: A review and research agenda
Collings, D. G., & Mellahi, K. (2009) · Human Resource Management Review · doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2009.04.001 · Cited by 1,837
“In this regard it is well established that employee motivation will meditate the relationship between HRM practices and firm performance (Huselid, 1995; MacDuffie, 1995; Becker et al., 1997).”
BackgroundThe long‐term benefits of organizational resilience through sustainable business practices
Ortiz‐de‐Mandojana, N., & Bansal, P. (2016) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.2410 · Cited by 1,260
Ancona, D. G., Goodman, P. S., Lawrence, B. S., & Tushman, M. L. (2001) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/3560246 · Cited by 870
Alfes, K., Shantz, A. D., Truss, C., & Soane, E. C. (2013) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2012.679950 · Cited by 770
Person-centered care for nursing home residents: the culture-change movement
Koren, M. J. (2010) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2009.0966 · Cited by 674
Creating value for employees: investment in employee development
Lee, C. H., & Bruvold, N. T. (2003) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/0958519032000106173 · Cited by 632
Management Practices Across Firms and Countries
Bloom, N., Genakos, C., Sadun, R., & Van Reenen, J. (2012) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/amp.2011.0077 · Cited by 599
de Treville, S., & Antonakis, J. (2006) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1016/j.jom.2005.04.001 · Cited by 549
McAdam, D., & Scott, W. R. (2005) · Social Movements and Organization Theory · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511791000.003 · Cited by 516
An Empirical Framework for Testing Theories About Complimentarity in Organizational Design
Athey, S., & Stern, S. (1998) · doi:10.3386/w6600 · Cited by 470
Strategic human resource management: where have we come from and where should we be going?
Boxall, P., & Purcell, J. (2000) · International Journal of Management Reviews · doi:10.1111/1468-2370.00037 · Cited by 453
(2006) · eCommons (Cornell University) · Cited by 437
Heneman, R. L., Tansky, J. W., & Camp, S. M. (2000) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1177/104225870002500103 · Cited by 429
Why Has Work Effort Become More Intense?
Green, F. (2004) · Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society · doi:10.1111/j.0019-8676.2004.00359.x · Cited by 408
Bos‐Nehles, A. C., Van Riemsdijk, M. J., & Kees Looise, J. (2013) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.21578 · Cited by 401
'Best practice' human resource management: perfect opportunity or dangerous illusion?
Marchington, M., & Grugulis, I. (2000) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585190050177184 · Cited by 384
Integrating strategic human capital and strategic human resource management
Boon, C., Eckardt, R., Lepak, D. P., & Boselie, P. (2018) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2017.1380063 · Cited by 354
Innovative human resource practices and organizational commitment: an empirical investigation
Agarwala, T. (2003) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/0958519021000029072 · Cited by 350
Satisfaction with HR practices and commitment to the organisation: why one size does not fit all
Kinnie, N., Hutchinson, S., Purcell, J., Rayton, B., & Swart, J. (2005) · Human Resource Management Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1748-8583.2005.tb00293.x · Cited by 343
Professional HRM Practices in Family Owned-Managed Enterprises*
de Kok, J. M. P., Uhlaner, L. M., & Thurik, A. R. (2006) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1111/j.1540-627x.2006.00181.x · Cited by 290
The Road Taken: Origins and Evolution of Employment Systems in Emerging Companies
BARON, J. N., BURTON, M. D., & HANNAN, M. T. (1996) · Industrial and Corporate Change · doi:10.1093/icc/5.2.239 · Cited by 287
Vogus, T. J., & Sutcliffe, K. M. (2007) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e318053674f · Cited by 259
A Multi-Level Process Model for Understanding Diversity Practice Effectiveness
Nishii, L. H., Khattab, J., Shemla, M., & Paluch, R. M. (2018) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.5465/annals.2016.0044 · Cited by 233
APPLYING SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY TO ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH
Sheldon, K. M., Turban, D. B., Brown, K. G., Barrick, M. R., & Judge, T. A. (2004) · Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management · doi:10.1016/s0742-7301(03)22008-9 · Cited by 214
Public-Private Institutions as Catalysts of Upgrading in Emerging Market Societies
McDermott, G. A., Corredoira, R. A., & Kruse, G. (2009) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2009.47084929 · Cited by 197
Managing aging workers: A mixed methods study on bundles of HR practices for aging workers
Kooij, D. T. A. M., Jansen, P. G. W., Dikkers, J. S. E., & de Lange, A. H. (2014) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2013.872169 · Cited by 195
De Stefano, F., Bagdadli, S., & Camuffo, A. (2018) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.21870 · Cited by 193
Contextual factors and lean production implementation in the Brazilian automotive supply chain
Marodin, G. A., Frank, A. G., Tortorella, G. L., & Saurin, T. A. (2016) · Supply Chain Management: An International Journal · doi:10.1108/scm-05-2015-0170 · Cited by 159
Motivating Employees of the Public Sector: Does Public Service Motivation Matter?
Anderfuhren-Biget, S., Varone, F., Giauque, D., & Ritz, A. (2010) · International Public Management Journal · doi:10.1080/10967494.2010.503783 · Cited by 152
(2007) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh) · Cited by 141
Marin-Garcia, J. A., & Bonavia, T. (2015) · International Journal of Production Research · doi:10.1080/00207543.2014.975852 · Cited by 133
The Effect of Employer Networks on Workplace Innovation and Training
Erickson, C. L., & Jacoby, S. M. (2003) · ILR Review · doi:10.1177/001979390305600201 · Cited by 114
The human dimension of lean: a literature review
Magnani, F., Carbone, V., & Moatti, V. (2019) · Supply Chain Forum: An International Journal · doi:10.1080/16258312.2019.1570653 · Cited by 102
The impact of human resource management on corporate social performance strengths and concerns
Rothenberg, S., Hull, C. E., & Tang, Z. (2017) · Business & Society · doi:10.1177/0007650315586594 · Cited by 95
Locke, R. M., & Romis, M. (2010) · Review of International Political Economy · doi:10.1080/09692290902893230 · Cited by 93
Do lean manufacturing practices have negative impact on job satisfaction?
Minh, K. S., Zailani, S., Iranmanesh, M., & Heidari, S. (2019) · International Journal of Lean Six Sigma · doi:10.1108/ijlss-11-2016-0072 · Cited by 77
Between control and participation: The politics of algorithmic management
Krzywdzinski, M., Schneiß, D., & Sperling, A. (2025) · New Technology, Work and Employment · doi:10.1111/ntwe.12293 · Cited by 74
Alnamrouti, A., Rjoub, H., & Ozgit, H. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14127327 · Cited by 62
Human resource management: the promise, the performance, the consequences
Brewster, C., Gooderham, P. N., & Mayrhofer, W. (2016) · Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance · doi:10.1108/joepp-03-2016-0024 · Cited by 42
PERSISTENCE AND CHANGE AMONG NATIONALLY FEDERATED SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
McCarthy, J. D. (2005) · Social Movements and Organization Theory · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511791000.011 · Cited by 37
Measuring Employee Expectations in a Strategic Human Resource Management Research: Job Satisfaction
Oraman, Y., Unakıtan, G., & Selen, U. (2011) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.09.022 · Cited by 29
Kaur, S., & Kaur, G. (2021) · Employee Relations: The International Journal · doi:10.1108/er-05-2020-0216 · Cited by 25
Zhao, K., Hsieh, W., Faulkner, N., & Smith, L. (2025) · Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal · doi:10.1108/edi-02-2024-0085 · Cited by 20
Role of line managers in human resource activities: evidence from a case study
Anvari, R., Janjaria, M., & Shirvani, A. (2024) · Intangible Capital · doi:10.3926/ic.2279 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Macduffie, J. P.
- Venue
- ILR Review
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1995-01
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 197-221
- ISSN
- 0019-7939
- 2162-271X
- Cited by
- 1,809
- References
- 2
- Language
- en
- Licence
- journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.