The Clinical Effectiveness of Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With Face-to-Face Therapist Support for Depressed Primary Care Patients: Randomized Controlled Trial
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Most patients with mild to moderate depression receive treatment in primary care, but despite guideline recommendations, structured psychological interventions are infrequently delivered. Research supports the effectiveness of Internet-based treatment for depression; however, few trials have studied the effect of the MoodGYM program plus therapist support. The use of such interventions could improve the delivery of treatment in primary care. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of a guided Web-based intervention for mild to moderate depression, which could be suitable for implementation in general practice. METHODS: Participants (N=106) aged between 18 and 65 years were recruited from primary care and randomly allocated to a treatment condition comprising 6 weeks of therapist-assisted Web-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), or to a 6-week delayed treatment condition. The intervention included the Norwegian version of the MoodGYM program, brief face-to-face support from a psychologist, and reminder emails. The primary outcome measure, depression symptoms, was measured by the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Secondary outcome measures included the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the EuroQol Group 5-Dimension Self-Report Questionnaire (EQ-5D). All outcomes were based on self-report and were assessed at baseline, postintervention, and at 6-month follow-up. RESULTS: Postintervention measures were completed by 37 (71%) and 47 (87%) of the 52 participants in the intervention and 54 participants in the delayed treatment group, respectively. Linear mixed-models analyses revealed a significant difference in time trends between the groups for the BDI-II, (P=.002), for HADS depression and anxiety subscales (P<.001 and P=.001, respectively), and for the SWLS (P<.001). No differential group effects were found for the BAI and the EQ-5D. In comparison to the control group, significantly more participants in the intervention group experienced recovery from depression as measured by the BDI-II. Of the 52 participants in the treatment program, 31 (60%) adhered to the program, and overall treatment satisfaction was high. The reduction of depression and anxiety symptoms was largely maintained at 6-month follow-up, and positive gains in life satisfaction were partly maintained. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention combining MoodGYM and brief therapist support can be an effective treatment of depression in a sample of primary care patients. The intervention alleviates depressive symptoms and has a significant positive effect on anxiety symptoms and satisfaction with life. Moderate rates of nonadherence and predominately positive evaluations of the treatment also indicate the acceptability of the intervention. The intervention could potentially be used in a stepped-care approach, but remains to be tested in regular primary health care. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12610000257066; http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/trial.aspx?trialid=ACTRN12610000257066 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6Ie3YhIZa).
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A recent study by Høifødt et al. investigated the effect of a guided web-based intervention with face-to-face support, with positive results on depression and anxiety symptoms.
“A recent study by Høifødt et al. [35] investigated the effect of a guided web-based intervention with face-to-face support, with positive results on depression and anxiety symptoms.”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,588 · see citing works
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cohen, J. (1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,406 · see citing works
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x · Cited by 47,139 · see citing works
The satisfaction with life scale
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13 · Cited by 31,768 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The SWLS measures global life satisfaction as a cognitive-judgemental process, in which individuals assess their quality of life according to their own criteria [77].”
Background(1998) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · Cited by 19,139 · see citing works
An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties.
Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.56.6.893 · Cited by 14,407 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The inventory possesses high internal consistency and reliability, as well as robust convergent and discriminant validity [64-66].”
BackgroundSAUNDERS, J. B., AASLAND, O. G., BABOR, T. F., DE LA FUENTE, J. R., & GRANT, M. (1993) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x · Cited by 13,482 · cited 2× · see citing works
“The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is a screening instrument consisting of 10 questions about alcohol use in the past 12 months, alcohol dependence symptoms, and alcohol-related problems [83].”
BackgroundMethod(1998) · PubMed · Cited by 10,216 · see citing works
The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Bjelland, I., Dahl, A. A., Haug, T. T., & Neckelmann, D. (2002) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(01)00296-3 · Cited by 9,779 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Most factor analyses confirm a 2-factor solution comprising a depression and an anxiety subscale [69].”
BackgroundJacobson, N. S., & Truax, P. (1991) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.59.1.12 · Cited by 7,770 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Clinically significant changes on the BDI-II were assessed using the criteria for reliable change and cutoff points developed for the BDI by Seggar et al [97], based on the definition by Jacobson and Truax [98].”
MethodThe mini international neuropsychiatric interview
Lecrubier, Y., Sheehan, D. V., Hergueta, T., & Weiller, E. (1998) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0924-9338(99)80239-9 · Cited by 5,882 · see citing works
(2001) · Cited by 5,455 · see citing works
(1997) · doi:10.1097/00005650-199711000-00002 · Cited by 4,544 · cited 5× · see citing works
“For the 5 dimensions, a scoring algorithm (the MVH_A1 tariff) based on preference weights was used to aggregate an index score (EQ Index) [73].”
MethodInfluentialThe size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010
Wittchen, H. U., Jacobi, F., Rehm, J., Gustavsson, A., Svensson, M., Jönsson, B., Olesen, J., Allgulander, C., Alonso, J., Faravelli, C., et al. (2011) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.07.018 · Cited by 3,754 · see citing works
Review of the Satisfaction With Life Scale.
Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.5.2.164 · Cited by 3,611 · see citing works
Review of the Satisfaction With Life Scale
Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (2009) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2354-4_5 · Cited by 3,462 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Several studies confirm the scale’s unidimensional structure and support its sound psychometric properties, including internal consistency, test-retest reliability, as well as convergent and discriminant construct validity [78-80].”
BackgroundThe empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses
Butler, A. C., Chapman, J. E., Forman, E. M., & Beck, A. T. (2006) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.07.003 · Cited by 3,215 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has proven to be as effective as pharmacotherapy in treating mild to moderate depression, with the benefit of reduced rates of relapse [10,11].”
Background(2007) · PubMed Central · Cited by 2,521 · see citing works
Morris, S. B., & DeShon, R. P. (2002) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.7.1.105 · Cited by 2,502 · cited 1× · see citing works
“For the ITT analyses, calculations were based on pooled standard deviations calculated from the square root of each group’s variance parameters from the mixed models analysis: the single variance estimate of the procedure with a random intercept, and the sum of the variance estimates at each time point of interest min…”
MethodMental health literacy: Public knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders
Jorm, A. F. (2000) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.177.5.396 · Cited by 2,114 · see citing works
Eysenbach, G., & CONSORT-EHEALTH Group (2011) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1923 · Cited by 1,863 · cited 4× · see citing works
“Trial information to participants as requested in CONSORT-EHEALTH [53].”
MethodInfluentialInternet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for symptoms of depression and anxiety: A meta-analysis
SPEK, V., CUIJPERS, P., NYKLÍČEK, I., RIPER, H., KEYZER, J., & POP, V. (2007) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291706008944 · Cited by 1,586 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Still, an increasing amount of research has pointed to the importance of support in Internet-based interventions, with interventions offering some degree of support from a professional during treatment generally showing substantially larger treatment effects than interventions involving little or no professional suppo…”
BackgroundA psychometric evaluation of the Beck Depression Inventory–II.
Dozois, D. J. A., Dobson, K. S., & Ahnberg, J. L. (1998) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.10.2.83 · Cited by 1,517 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Studies consistently support the BDI-II as a reliable, internally consistent, and valid scale for assessing depression both in psychiatric outpatients, the general population, and in primary care settings [56-58].”
MethodSize and burden of mental disorders in Europe—a critical review and appraisal of 27 studies
Wittchen, H.-U., & Jacobi, F. (2005) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2005.04.012 · Cited by 1,503 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Most patients with psychological problems will receive most or all of their mental health care in primary care, and findings suggest that many patients prefer to consult their GP for treatment of depression [2,38-40].”
BackgroundThe alcohol use disorders identification test: an update of research findings
Reinert, D. F., & Allen, J. P. (2007) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00295.x · Cited by 1,397 · cited 1× · see citing works
“A large body of research confirms the favorable internal consistency, reliability, and criterion validity [83-85].”
BackgroundDetecting anxiety and depression in general medical settings.
Goldberg, D., Bridges, K., Duncan-Jones, P., & Grayson, D. (1988) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.297.6653.897 · Cited by 1,210 · cited 1× · see citing works
“This is in good accordance with the core symptoms of the Goldberg Anxiety Scale [104], which has been used in several studies with MoodGYM.”
ResultA meta-analysis of psychotherapy dropout
Wierzbicki, M., & Pekarik, G. (1993) · Professional Psychology: Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/0735-7028.24.2.190 · Cited by 1,118 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The rates of adherence are also comparable to those seen in other psychotherapy research and in regular clinical practice [105-107].”
ResultJACOBI, F., WITTCHEN, H.-U., HÖLTING, C., HÖFLER, M., PFISTER, H., MÜLLER, N., & LIEB, R. (2004) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291703001399 · Cited by 1,097 · cited 1× · see citing works
“There was also substantial comorbidity with anxiety disorders, although lower than rates found in population-based studies [108,109].”
ResultPsychotherapy for depression in adults: A meta-analysis of comparative outcome studies.
Cuijpers, P., van Straten, A., Andersson, G., & van Oppen, P. (2008) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013075 · Cited by 1,050 · cited 1× · see citing works
“There exist several effective psychological and pharmacological treatments for depression [7].”
BackgroundBerman, A. H., Bergman, H., Palmstierna, T., & Schlyter, F. (2005) · European Addiction Research · doi:10.1159/000081413 · Cited by 977 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) is an 11-item screening instrument measuring patterns of substance use during the past 12 months, as well as various drug-related problems [86].”
MethodDelivering interventions for depression by using the internet: randomised controlled trial
Christensen, H. (2004) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.37945.566632.ee · Cited by 928 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of MoodGYM in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety among public registrants, trial participants, callers to a national helpline service, users of the UK National Health Service portal, adolescent school-based populations, and in Australian and Norwegian student sample…”
BackgroundLamers, F., van Oppen, P., Comijs, H. C., Smit, J. H., Spinhoven, P., van Balkom, A. J. L. M., Nolen, W. A., Zitman, F. G., Beekman, A. T. F., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2011) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.10m06176blu · Cited by 913 · cited 1× · see citing works
“There was also substantial comorbidity with anxiety disorders, although lower than rates found in population-based studies [108,109].”
ResultCuijpers, P., Donker, T., van Straten, A., Li, J., & Andersson, G. (2010) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291710000772 · Cited by 832 · cited 2× · see citing works
“However, since the role of the clinician was mainly supportive and facilitative and the main therapeutic input was delivered through a standardized treatment package, the intervention was regarded conceptually as a guided self-help intervention [31].”
ResultThe prevalence and correlates of untreated serious mental illness.
(2001) · PubMed Central · Cited by 780 · see citing works
Reliability and validity of the Beck anxiety inventory
Fydrich, T., Dowdall, D., & Chambless, D. L. (1992) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/0887-6185(92)90026-4 · Cited by 776 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The inventory possesses high internal consistency and reliability, as well as robust convergent and discriminant validity [64-66].”
BackgroundPsychometric evaluation of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with primary care medical patients.
Arnau, R. C., Meagher, M. W., Norris, M. P., & Bramson, R. (2001) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.20.2.112 · Cited by 694 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Studies consistently support the BDI-II as a reliable, internally consistent, and valid scale for assessing depression both in psychiatric outpatients, the general population, and in primary care settings [56-58].”
MethodPsychometric evaluation of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with primary care medical patients.
Arnau, R. C., Meagher, M. W., Norris, M. P., & Bramson, R. (2001) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.20.2.112 · Cited by 692 · see citing works
Twisk, J. W. R. (2006) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511610806 · Cited by 692 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Since linear mixed-models analysis can handle incomplete data, no procedure for imputation of missing data was utilized in the analysis [92].”
MethodWang, P. S., Berglund, P., & Kessler, R. C. (2000) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.9908044.x · Cited by 686 · see citing works
Dropout from Internet‐based treatment for psychological disorders
Melville, K. M., Casey, L. M., & Kavanagh, D. J. (2010) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466509x472138 · Cited by 597 · cited 1× · see citing works
“A median dropout rate between 17% and 19% has been reported for computerized or Web-based treatment programs [54,55].”
BackgroundA Norwegian Psychiatric Epidemiological Study
Kringlen, E., Torgersen, S. O., & Cramer, V. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.7.1091 · Cited by 594 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Depression is a highly prevalent disorder that often causes substantial functional impairment in daily life, reduction in quality of life, and increased medical service utilization [1-6].”
BackgroundDepressive disorders in Europe: prevalence figures from the ODIN study
Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., Vázquez-Barquero, J. L., Dowrick, C., Lehtinen, V., Dalgard, O. S., Casey, P., Wilkinson, C., Lasa, L., Page, H., Dunn, G., et al. (2001) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.179.4.308 · Cited by 564 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Depression is a highly prevalent disorder that often causes substantial functional impairment in daily life, reduction in quality of life, and increased medical service utilization [1-6].”
BackgroundInternet-based self-help for depression: randomised controlled trial
Andersson, G., Bergström, J., Holländare, F., Carlbring, P., Kaldo, V., & Ekselius, L. (2005) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.187.5.456 · Cited by 529 · cited 4× · see citing works
“The adherence rate in the present study is comparable to that observed in other online guided interventions, in which adherence varied between 55% and 75% [13,14,23,30,99].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialInternet-based psychological treatments for depression
Johansson, R., & Andersson, G. (2012) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/ern.12.63 · Cited by 509 · cited 3× · see citing works
“range, but somewhat below average, whereas the effects on SWLS and on depression and anxiety measured with HADS were commensurable to effects found previously for similar measures [12-14,27,99,100].”
BackgroundResultGlaesmer, H., Grande, G., Braehler, E., & Roth, M. (2011) · European Journal of Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000058 · Cited by 485 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Several studies confirm the scale’s unidimensional structure and support its sound psychometric properties, including internal consistency, test-retest reliability, as well as convergent and discriminant construct validity [78-80].”
BackgroundPatients' preferences in the treatment of depressive disorder in primary care
van Schaik, D. J. F., Klijn, A. F. J., van Hout, H. P. J., van Marwijk, H. W. J., Beekman, A. T. F., de Haan, M., & van Dyck, R. (2004) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2003.12.001 · Cited by 428 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Clinical practice guidelines primarily recommend treating mild to moderate depression using psychosocial interventions [41,42], and this is also in accordance with reported patient preferences [43-45].”
ResultTitov, N., Andrews, G., Davies, M., McIntyre, K., Robinson, E., & Solley, K. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010939 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Waller, R., & Gilbody, S. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291708004224 · Cited by 393 · cited 19× · see citing works
“Studies generally show small to moderate effects of self-administered, unguided CBT in the treatment of depression [19-23], although in some studies unguided interventions have yielded large treatment effects [24,25].”
BackgroundInfluentialPriest, R. G., Vize, C., Roberts, A., Roberts, M., & Tylee, A. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7061.858 · Cited by 385 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Clinical practice guidelines primarily recommend treating mild to moderate depression using psychosocial interventions [41,42], and this is also in accordance with reported patient preferences [43-45].”
ResultBerger, T., Hämmerli, K., Gubser, N., Andersson, G., & Caspar, F. (2011) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2011.616531 · Cited by 383 · cited 6× · see citing works
“The adherence rate in the present study is comparable to that observed in other online guided interventions, in which adherence varied between 55% and 75% [13,14,23,30,99].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialMcCrone, P., Knapp, M., Proudfoot, J., Ryden, C., Cavanagh, K., Shapiro, D. A., Ilson, S., Gray, J. A., Goldberg, D., Mann, A., et al. (2004) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.185.1.55 · Cited by 371 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Research also suggests that such interventions are cost-effective compared to face-to-face treatments because they result in symptom reduction and reduced burden of disease for patients and alleviate demands on clinician time and resources [16-18].”
BackgroundApplied Multilevel Analysis: A Practical Guide for Medical Researchers
Twisk, J. W. R. (2006) · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Churchill, R., Hunot, V., Corney, R., Knapp, M., McGuire, H., Tylee, A., & Wessely, S. (2002) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta5350 · Cited by 368 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has proven to be as effective as pharmacotherapy in treating mild to moderate depression, with the benefit of reduced rates of relapse [10,11].”
BackgroundMeyer, B., Berger, T., Caspar, F., Beevers, C. G., Andersson, G., & Weiss, M. (2009) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1151 · Cited by 363 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Studies generally show small to moderate effects of self-administered, unguided CBT in the treatment of depression [19-23], although in some studies unguided interventions have yielded large treatment effects [24,25].”
ResultCalear, A. L., Christensen, H., Mackinnon, A., Griffiths, K. M., & O'Kearney, R. (2009) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0017391 · Cited by 327 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of MoodGYM in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety among public registrants, trial participants, callers to a national helpline service, users of the UK National Health Service portal, adolescent school-based populations, and in Australian and Norwegian student sample…”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationCarlbring, P., Brunt, S., Bohman, S., Austin, D., Richards, J., Öst, L.-G., & Andersson, G. (2007) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2005.05.002 · Cited by 319 · cited 5× · see citing works
“Equivalent psychometric properties have been shown across paper-and-pencil and online formats of the questionnaire, and the 2 formats are highly correlated [59,67].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialFurther evidence for the validity of the beck anxiety inventory with psychiatric outpatients
Steer, R. A., Ranieri, W. F., Beck, A. T., & Clark, D. A. (1993) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/0887-6185(93)90002-3 · Cited by 318 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The inventory possesses high internal consistency and reliability, as well as robust convergent and discriminant validity [64-66].”
BackgroundChristensen, H., Griffiths, K. M., & Korten, A. (2002) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.4.1.e3 · Cited by 292 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The results of the present trial are also consistent with research suggesting that MoodGYM, despite its main focus on depressive thought content, can have significant positive effects on anxiety symptoms [29,35,103].”
ResultSelf-citationPalmqvist, B., Carlbring, P., & Andersson, G. (2007) · Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research · doi:10.1586/14737167.7.3.291 · Cited by 290 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Still, an increasing amount of research has pointed to the importance of support in Internet-based interventions, with interventions offering some degree of support from a professional during treatment generally showing substantially larger treatment effects than interventions involving little or no professional suppo…”
BackgroundClinician-Assisted Internet-Based Treatment is Effective for Panic: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Wims, E., Titov, N., Andrews, G., & Choi, I. (2010) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/00048671003614171 · Cited by 290 · cited 3× · see citing works
“The adherence rate in the present study is comparable to that observed in other online guided interventions, in which adherence varied between 55% and 75% [13,14,23,30,99].”
BackgroundResultJohansson, R., Sjöberg, E., Sjögren, M., Johnsson, E., Carlbring, P., Andersson, T., Rousseau, A., & Andersson, G. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036905 · Cited by 268 · cited 3× · see citing works
“A substantive body of research shows that Internet-based CBT can be an efficacious treatment of depression (eg, [12-15]).”
BackgroundResultIntroduction to the special section on stepped care models in psychotherapy.
Haaga, D. A. F. (2000) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.68.4.547 · Cited by 259 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The demand for mental health treatment is higher than what can be met by the current number of trained clinicians [113].”
BackgroundSelf-guided psychological treatment for depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis
Cuijpers, P., Donker, T., Johansson, R., Mohr, D. C., van Straten, A., & Andersson, G. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0021274 · Cited by 250 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Studies generally show small to moderate effects of self-administered, unguided CBT in the treatment of depression [19-23], although in some studies unguided interventions have yielded large treatment effects [24,25].”
ResultOnline randomized controlled trial of brief and full cognitive behaviour therapy for depression
CHRISTENSEN, H., GRIFFITHS, K. M., MACKINNON, A. J., & BRITTLIFFE, K. (2006) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291706008695 · Cited by 249 · cited 2× · see citing works
“However, data from individuals who used the English version of the program has shown that most users were aged 25 to 44 years, and that the users’ average depression and anxiety scores were elevated compared to the general population [91].”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationChristensen, H., Griffiths, K. M., Korten, A. E., Brittliffe, K., & Groves, C. (2004) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.6.4.e46 · Cited by 240 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Studies generally show small to moderate effects of self-administered, unguided CBT in the treatment of depression [19-23], although in some studies unguided interventions have yielded large treatment effects [24,25].”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationClinician-Assisted Internet-Based Treatment is Effective for Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial
Perini, S., Titov, N., & Andrews, G. (2009) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00048670902873722 · Cited by 231 · cited 3× · see citing works
“The adherence rate in the present study is comparable to that observed in other online guided interventions, in which adherence varied between 55% and 75% [13,14,23,30,99].”
BackgroundResultPublic attitude towards psychiatric treatment
Angermeyer, M. C., & Matschinger, H. (1996) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1996.tb09868.x · Cited by 228 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Clinical practice guidelines primarily recommend treating mild to moderate depression using psychosocial interventions [41,42], and this is also in accordance with reported patient preferences [43-45].”
ResultMARKS, I. M., KENWRIGHT, M., McDONOUGH, M., WHITTAKER, M., & MATAIX-COLS, D. (2004) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329170300878x · Cited by 226 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Research also suggests that such interventions are cost-effective compared to face-to-face treatments because they result in symptom reduction and reduced burden of disease for patients and alleviate demands on clinician time and resources [16-18].”
BackgroundVernmark, K., Lenndin, J., Bjärehed, J., Carlsson, M., Karlsson, J., Öberg, J., Carlbring, P., Eriksson, T., & Andersson, G. (2010) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.01.005 · Cited by 226 · cited 3× · see citing works
“range, but somewhat below average, whereas the effects on SWLS and on depression and anxiety measured with HADS were commensurable to effects found previously for similar measures [12-14,27,99,100].”
BackgroundResultHedman, E., Ljótsson, B., Rück, C., Furmark, T., Carlbring, P., Lindefors, N., & Andersson, G. (2010) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.01.010 · Cited by 220 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Equivalent psychometric properties have been shown across paper-and-pencil and online formats of the questionnaire, and the 2 formats are highly correlated [59,67].”
BackgroundMeyerson, P., & Tryon, W. W. (2003) · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers · doi:10.3758/bf03195541 · Cited by 197 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Research indicates that Internet data on this measure is as reliable and valid as paper-and-pencil data [81].”
The efficacy of cognitive–behavioral therapy and the problem of drop‐out
Bados, A., Balaguer, G., & Saldaña, C. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20368 · Cited by 196 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The rates of adherence are also comparable to those seen in other psychotherapy research and in regular clinical practice [105-107].”
ResultMackinnon, A. J., Griffiths, K. M., & Christensen, H. M. (2008) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.032078 · Cited by 186 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Positive effects have been shown to be sustained over 12 months [36].”
BackgroundSelf-citationPragmatic evaluation of computer-aided self-help for anxiety and depression
Marks, I. M., Mataix-Cols, D., Kenwright, M., Cameron, R., Hirsch, S., & Gega, L. (2003) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.183.1.57 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Ruwaard, J., Schrieken, B., Schrijver, M., Broeksteeg, J., Dekker, J., Vermeulen, H., & Lange, A. (2009) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506070802408086 · Cited by 183 · cited 3× · see citing works
“range, but somewhat below average, whereas the effects on SWLS and on depression and anxiety measured with HADS were commensurable to effects found previously for similar measures [12-14,27,99,100].”
BackgroundResultBarrett, J. E., Williams, J. W., Oxman, T. E., Frank, E., Katon, W. J., Sullivan, M. D., Hegel, M. T., Cornell, J. E., & Sengupta, A. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Choi, I., Zou, J., Titov, N., Dear, B. F., Li, S., Johnston, L., Andrews, G., & Hunt, C. (2012) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.11.003 · Cited by 180 · cited 2× · see citing works
“The adherence rate in the present study is comparable to that observed in other online guided interventions, in which adherence varied between 55% and 75% [13,14,23,30,99].”
ResultHolländare, F., Andersson, G., & Engström, I. (2010) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1392 · Cited by 179 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Several studies have found high correlations between the paper-and-pencil and the computerized/online versions of the BDI-II [59-62].”
BackgroundAndersson, G., Kaldo, V., Ström, L., & Strömgren, T. (2003) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00575-5 · Cited by 175 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Paper-and-pencil and Internet administration of the measure yields comparable psychometric properties, but Internet administration may overestimate scores [70,71].”
BackgroundKing, M., Davidson, O., Taylor, F., Haines, A., Sharp, D., & Turner, R. (2002) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7343.947 · Cited by 175 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Nevertheless, structured psychological interventions are infrequently delivered in general practice [46-48] because of time constraints [49-51] and a lack of knowledge and competence among GPs in the delivery of evidence-based psychological interventions [51,52].”
BackgroundAssessing clinical significance: Application to the beck depression inventory
Seggar, L. B., Lambert, M. J., & Hansen, N. B. (2002) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(02)80028-4 · Cited by 162 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Clinically significant changes on the BDI-II were assessed using the criteria for reliable change and cutoff points developed for the BDI by Seggar et al [97], based on the definition by Jacobson and Truax [98].”
MethodInternet-delivered psychotherapy for depression in adults
Titov, N. (2011) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0b013e32833ed18f · Cited by 158 · cited 4× · see citing works
“Studies generally show small to moderate effects of self-administered, unguided CBT in the treatment of depression [19-23], although in some studies unguided interventions have yielded large treatment effects [24,25].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialLintvedt, O. K., Griffiths, K. M., Sørensen, K., Østvik, A. R., Wang, C. E. A., Eisemann, M., & Waterloo, K. (2013) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.770 · Cited by 157 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Studies generally show small to moderate effects of self-administered, unguided CBT in the treatment of depression [19-23], although in some studies unguided interventions have yielded large treatment effects [24,25].”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationPowell, J., Hamborg, T., Stallard, N., Burls, A., McSorley, J., Bennett, K., Griffiths, K. M., & Christensen, H. (2012) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.2240 · Cited by 156 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of MoodGYM in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety among public registrants, trial participants, callers to a national helpline service, users of the UK National Health Service portal, adolescent school-based populations, and in Australian and Norwegian student sample…”
BackgroundSelf-citationClarke, G., Kelleher, C., Hornbrook, M., DeBar, L., Dickerson, J., & Gullion, C. (2009) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506070802675353 · Cited by 154 · cited 2× · see citing works
“The adherence rate in the present study is comparable to that observed in other online guided interventions, in which adherence varied between 55% and 75% [13,14,23,30,99].”
ResultDimensionality and measurement invariance in the Satisfaction with Life Scale in Norway
Clench‐Aas, J., Nes, R. B., Dalgard, O. S., & Aarø, L. E. (2011) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-011-9859-x · Cited by 152 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Several studies confirm the scale’s unidimensional structure and support its sound psychometric properties, including internal consistency, test-retest reliability, as well as convergent and discriminant construct validity [78-80].”
BackgroundComparison of EQ-5D and SF-6D utilities in mental health patients
Lamers, L. M., Bouwmans, C. A. M., van Straten, A., Donker, M. C. H., & Hakkaart, L. (2006) · Health Economics · doi:10.1002/hec.1125 · Cited by 145 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The instrument has been demonstrated to discriminate between subgroups of patients with differing severities of mental illness and to capture changes in quality of life associated with improved mental health over time [74].”
Farrer, L., Christensen, H., Griffiths, K. M., & Mackinnon, A. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028099 · Cited by 140 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Studies generally show small to moderate effects of self-administered, unguided CBT in the treatment of depression [19-23], although in some studies unguided interventions have yielded large treatment effects [24,25].”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationThorsell, J., Finnes, A., Dahl, J., Lundgren, T., Gybrant, M., Gordh, T., & Buhrman, M. (2011) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0b013e318219a933 · Cited by 136 · cited 1× · see citing works
“For the ITT analyses, calculations were based on pooled standard deviations calculated from the square root of each group’s variance parameters from the mixed models analysis: the single variance estimate of the procedure with a random intercept, and the sum of the variance estimates at each time point of interest min…”
MethodThe Use of Computerized Self-Help Packages to Treat Adolescent Depression and Anxiety
Sethi, S., Campbell, A. J., & Ellis, L. A. (2010) · Journal of Technology in Human Services · doi:10.1080/15228835.2010.508317 · Cited by 129 · cited 5× · see citing works
“The results of the present trial are also consistent with research suggesting that MoodGYM, despite its main focus on depressive thought content, can have significant positive effects on anxiety symptoms [29,35,103].”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialBushnell, D. M., Reilly, M. C., Galani, C., Martin, M. L., Ricci, J., Patrick, D. L., & McBurney, C. R. (2006) · Value in Health · doi:10.1111/j.1524-4733.2006.00087.x · Cited by 85 · cited 2× · see citing works
“No significant differences have been found between scores obtained using paper and computerized modes of administration [75,76].”
BackgroundResultHatzenbuehler, L. C., Parpal, M., & Matthews, L. J. R. (1983) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.51.3.360 · Cited by 82 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Previous studies of nonclinical samples have indicated that scores on the BDI tend to decrease with repeated administration [111,112].”
ResultThe prognosis of minor depression in the general population: a systematic review
Hermens, M. L., van Hout, H. P. J., Terluin, B., van der Windt, D., Beekman, A. T. F., van Dyck, R., & de Haan, M. (2004) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2004.08.006 · Cited by 77 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Almost half of the sample did not fulfill the criteria for a major depressive episode on enrollment in the trial, and previous studies of minor depression have shown high rates of placebo response in primary care patients [101] and substantial likelihood of spontaneous remission in the general population [102].”
BackgroundFrom paper to pixels: A comparison of paper and computer formats in psychological assessment
Naus, M. J., Philipp, L. M., & Samsi, M. (2008) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2008.05.012 · Cited by 70 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Several studies have found high correlations between the paper-and-pencil and the computerized/online versions of the BDI-II [59-62].”
BackgroundSilfvernagel, K., Carlbring, P., Kabo, J., Edström, S., Eriksson, J., Månson, L., & Andersson, G. (2012) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1853 · Cited by 69 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Effect sizes (Cohen’s d) were calculated for withinand between-group changes based on estimated means or beta coefficients [93].”
MethodObstacles to effective treatment of depression: a general practice perspective
Telford, R. (2002) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/19.1.45 · Cited by 69 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Nevertheless, structured psychological interventions are infrequently delivered in general practice [46-48] because of time constraints [49-51] and a lack of knowledge and competence among GPs in the delivery of evidence-based psychological interventions [51,52].”
BackgroundTreatment of anxiety disorders in primary care practice: a randomised controlled trial.
van Boeijen, C. A., van Oppen, P., van Balkom, A. J. L. M., Visser, S., Kempe, P., Blankenstein, N., & van Dyck, R. (2005) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 60 · see citing works
McCue, P., Buchanan, T., & Martin, C. R. (2006) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466505x82379 · Cited by 58 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Despite this limitation, the results should not be considered weakened for most measures because the direction of differences has generally suggested that online versions tend to inflate estimations of symptom severity and lower ratings of quality of life [59,71,76], with the exception of BAI, for which Carlbring et a…”
BackgroundResultMykletun, A., Knudsen, A. K., Tangen, T., & Øverland, S. N. (2010) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-10-35 · Cited by 58 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Nevertheless, structured psychological interventions are infrequently delivered in general practice [46-48] because of time constraints [49-51] and a lack of knowledge and competence among GPs in the delivery of evidence-based psychological interventions [51,52].”
BackgroundEquivalence of computerized and conventional versions of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)
Schulenberg, S. E., & Yutrzenka, B. A. (2001) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-001-1008-1 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Longwell, B., & Truax, P. A. (2005) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(05)80075-9 · Cited by 53 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Previous studies of nonclinical samples have indicated that scores on the BDI tend to decrease with repeated administration [111,112].”
ResultThe acceptability of computer-aided cognitive behavioural therapy: A pragmatic study
Cavanagh, K., Shapiro, D. A., Van Den Berg, S., Swain, S., Barkham, M., & Proudfoot, J. (2009) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506070802561256 · Cited by 51 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The general content of the questions was influenced by patient satisfaction questionnaires used in other studies [87-89].”
ResultHickie, I., Davenport, T., Luscombe, G., Moore, M., Griffiths, K., & Christensen, H. (2010) · Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03690.x · Cited by 50 · cited 2× · see citing works
“These findings are consistent with previous research in which favorable outcomes have been shown for treatments combining MoodGYM and face-to-face support from a professional [29,37].”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationUnequal access and unmet need: neurotic disorders and the use of primary care services
Bebbington, P., Meltzer, H., Brugha, T. S., Farrell, M., Jenkins, R., Ceresa, C., & Lewis, G. (2003) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/0954026021000046029 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Neurotic disorders and the receipt of psychiatric treatment
Bebbington, P., Brugha, T. S., Meltzer, H., Jenkins, R., Ceresa, C., Farrell, M., & Lewis, G. (2003) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/0954026021000046010 · Cited by 48 · cited 1× · see citing works
“However, a large proportion of those suffering from this disorder receive inadequate treatment or no treatment at all [8,9].”
BackgroundGarratt, A., Bjørngaard, J. H., Dahle, K. A., Bjertnæs, Ø. A., Saunes, I. S., & Ruud, T. (2006) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039480600583464 · Cited by 47 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The general content of the questions was influenced by patient satisfaction questionnaires used in other studies [87-89].”
ResultShervin, N., Dorrwachter, J. M., Bragdon, C. R., Shervin, D., Zurakowski, D., & Malchau, H. (2011) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/jbjs.i.01104 · Cited by 43 · cited 1× · see citing works
“No significant differences have been found between scores obtained using paper and computerized modes of administration [75,76].”
BackgroundCheckley, S. A. (1998) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Experiences of carrying out talking therapy in general practice: a qualitative interview study.
Davidsen, A. (2008) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2008.03.020 · Cited by 36 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Nevertheless, structured psychological interventions are infrequently delivered in general practice [46-48] because of time constraints [49-51] and a lack of knowledge and competence among GPs in the delivery of evidence-based psychological interventions [51,52].”
BackgroundBackenstraß, M., Joest, K., Rosemann, T. J., & Szécsényi, J. (2007) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-7-190 · Cited by 35 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Nevertheless, structured psychological interventions are infrequently delivered in general practice [46-48] because of time constraints [49-51] and a lack of knowledge and competence among GPs in the delivery of evidence-based psychological interventions [51,52].”
BackgroundWiebe, E. R., & Greiver, M. (2005) · PubMed Central · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Kilbourne, A. M., Pincus, B. D. V. H. A., & Pincus, H. A. (2007) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0b013e3282f0c4d3 · Cited by 20 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Depression is a highly prevalent disorder that often causes substantial functional impairment in daily life, reduction in quality of life, and increased medical service utilization [1-6].”
BackgroundFarrand, P., Confue, P., Byng, R., & Shaw, S. (2009) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2524.2008.00792.x · Cited by 15 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In fact, studies show that guidance may be delivered effectively not only by trained clinicians, but also by mental health workers with limited experience and by computer technicians [114,115].”
BackgroundProviding psychological treatments in general practice. Rationale and practicalities.
Blashki, G. A., Parsons, J., Morgan, H., Hickie, I. B., & Davenport, T. A. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [42]National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence Depression in adults: the treatment and management of depression in adults 2009 2013-05-08 http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/12329/45888/45888.pdf 31886986
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Erbe, D., Eichert, H.-C., Riper, H., & Ebert, D. D. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.6588 · Cited by 532 · see citing works
“Using blended interventions to improve the delivery of evidence-based treatment in primary care has been successful in acceptability and in reducing symptomatology [31,48,50,65,72].”
A systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions to improve mental wellbeing
van Agteren, J., Iasiello, M., Lo, L., Bartholomaeus, J., Kopsaftis, Z., Carey, M., & Kyrios, M. (2021) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-021-01093-w · Cited by 510 · see citing works
van der Vaart, R., Witting, M., Riper, H., Kooistra, L., Bohlmeijer, E. T., & van Gemert-Pijnen, L. J. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-014-0355-z · Cited by 273 · see citing works
“[35] investigated the effect of a guided web-based intervention with face-to-face support, with positive results on depression and anxiety symptoms.”
BackgroundEbert, D. D., Berking, M., Cuijpers, P., Lehr, D., Pörtner, M., & Baumeister, H. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.056 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Finding a Depression App: A Review and Content Analysis of the Depression App Marketplace
Shen, N., Levitan, M.-J., Johnson, A., Bender, J. L., Hamilton-Page, M., Jadad, A. (. R., & Wiljer, D. (2015) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.3713 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
“…prevalent function of depression apps was offering behavior training or therapy, with most apps focusing on CBT. Internet-based CBT (ICBT) has shown to be an effective treatment for depression [85], with the magnitude of effects depending on level of support and content of the intervention [86].”
BackgroundGamification and Adherence to Web-Based Mental Health Interventions: A Systematic Review
Brown, M., O'Neill, N., van Woerden, H., Eslambolchilar, P., Jones, M., & John, A. (2016) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.5710 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
“However, seven provided clear, detailed descriptions of intervention features, including screenshots and illustrations [27,51,70,76-78].”
Dogan, E., Sander, C., Wagner, X., Hegerl, U., & Kohls, E. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.7006 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
“Using the Internet to deliver treatment for affective disorders has been shown to be an effective option for reaching patients who were not able to receive face-to-face treatment due to geographical or other situational barriers [21], or to augment face-to-face therapy [22].”
BackgroundEffect of psychotherapy for depression on quality of life: meta-analysis
Kolovos, S., Kleiboer, A., & Cuijpers, P. (2016) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.115.175059 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Wilhelmsen, M., Lillevoll, K., Risør, M. B., Høifødt, R., Johansen, M.-L., Waterloo, K., Eisemann, M., & Kolstrup, N. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-296 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
“Patients had to be between 18–65 with access to internet and those who were suicidal, psychotic, or drug abusers were excluded (for more details about the RCT see [11]).”
BackgroundSelf-citationKlein, J. P., Berger, T., Schröder, J., Späth, C., Meyer, B., Caspar, F., Lutz, W., Arndt, A., Greiner, W., Gräfe, V., et al. (2016) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000445355 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Sztein, D. M., Koransky, C. E., Fegan, L., & Himelhoch, S. (2018) · Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare · doi:10.1177/1357633x17717402 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Twomey, C., & O’Reilly, G. (2017) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867416656258 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Improving the Efficiency of Psychotherapy for Depression: Computer-Assisted Versus Standard CBT
Thase, M. E., Wright, J. H., Eells, T. D., Barrett, M. S., Wisniewski, S. R., Balasubramani, G. K., McCrone, P., & Brown, G. K. (2018) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17010089 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Web-Based Intervention Programs for Depression: A Scoping Review and Evaluation
Renton, T., Tang, H., Ennis, N., Cusimano, M. D., Bhalerao, S., Schweizer, T. A., & Topolovec-Vranic, J. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3147 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
“A recent study using MoodGYM plus brief face-to-face therapist support indicated positive results in the reduction of symptoms of depression in a primary care setting [45].”
Twomey, C., O’Reilly, G., & Byrne, M. (2015) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/cmu060 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Zhang, A., Borhneimer, L. A., Weaver, A., Franklin, C., Hai, A. H., Guz, S., & Li, S. (2019) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-019-00046-z · Cited by 122 · see citing works
“Each session lasting 90 min HAMD DSM-IV HAMD IDS PC, depression Høifødt et al. (2013) T = 52 C = 54 36.1 years old, 27.4% male, Race NR W/NT Online modules with therapists’ background not reported PCP no involvement Online CBT MoodGYM version with 5 modules.”
MethodInfluentialMassoudi, B., Holvast, F., Bockting, C. L. H., Burger, H., & Blanker, M. H. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.050 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Cuijpers, P., Kleiboer, A., Karyotaki, E., & Riper, H. (2017) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22641 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
“We conducted a meta-analysis of 21 studies directly comparing face-to-face treatments with guided self-help therapies for depressive and anxiety disorders (Høifødt et al., 2013).”
MethodCognitive behaviour therapy for depression in primary care: systematic review and meta-analysis
Santoft, F., Axelsson, E., Öst, L.-G., Hedman-Lagerlöf, M., Fust, J., & Hedman-Lagerlöf, E. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718004208 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
“1) (Teasdale et al., 1984; Ross and Scott, 1985; Scott and Freeman, 1992; Scott et al., 1997; Ward et al., 2000; Watson et al., 2003; Willemse et al., 2004; Dalgard, 2006; Smit et al., 2006; González González et al., 2007; Spek et al., 2007; Laidlaw et al., 2008; Lovell et al., 2008; Wiles et al., 2008; Kessler et al.…”
Jones, S. L., Hadjistavropoulos, H. D., & Soucy, J. N. (2016) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.10.006 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Kenter, R. M. F., van de Ven, P. M., Cuijpers, P., Koole, G., Niamat, S., Gerrits, R. S., Willems, M., & van Straten, A. (2015) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2015.01.001 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Twomey, C., O'Reilly, G., Byrne, M., Bury, M., White, A., Kissane, S., McMahon, A., & Clancy, N. (2014) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjc.12055 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
“…pertaining to MoodGYM’s effectiveness for anxiety symptom reduction (d = .01) replicate the findings of Schneider et al. (2012), (d = .19), and Hoifodt et al. (2013), (d = .08), but not the findings of Calear et al. (2009), (d = .15), Sethi et al. (2010), (d = .54), Ellis et al. (2011), (d =…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialForbes, A., Keleher, M. R., Venditto, M., & DiBiasi, F. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/43727 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
“A few studies integrated the digital intervention with face-to-face meetings, either with a therapist [104,112] or in a group counseling session [85,125].”
Computer-Assisted Cognitive-Behavior Therapy and Mobile Apps for Depression and Anxiety
Wright, J. H., Mishkind, M., Eells, T. D., & Chan, S. R. (2019) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-019-1031-2 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
User Acceptance of Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression: Systematic Review
Rost, T., Stein, J., Löbner, M., Kersting, A., Luck-Sikorski, C., & Riedel-Heller, S. G. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.7662 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
“Moreover, four studies documented take-up rates as follows: 83.3% [39], 56.9% [44], 97% [40], and 39% [12].”
BackgroundInfluentialKooistra, L. C., Ruwaard, J., Wiersma, J. E., van Oppen, P., van der Vaart, R., van Gemert-Pijnen, J. E. W. C., & Riper, H. (2016) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2016.01.003 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Kooistra, L. C., Wiersma, J. E., Ruwaard, J., Neijenhuijs, K., Lokkerbol, J., van Oppen, P., Smit, F., & Riper, H. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/14261 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Montero-Marín, J., Araya, R., Pérez-Yus, M. C., Mayoral, F., Gili, M., Botella, C., Baños, R., Castro, A., Romero-Sanchiz, P., López-Del-Hoyo, Y., et al. (2016) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.5695 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
“In fact, our procedure was as close as possible to the usual practice, and thus, it might increase the likelihood that the program might be used in the PC health services in Spain, where most depressed patients are treated [43].”
Kooistra, L. C., Wiersma, J. E., Ruwaard, J., van Oppen, P., Smit, F., Lokkerbol, J., Cuijpers, P., & Riper, H. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-014-0290-z · Cited by 82 · see citing works
“Most studies focused on evaluating clinical outcomes where online CBT is provided in addition to care-as-usual, either by a GP in primary care [25-27] or by mental health care providers in primary and secondary care settings [28].”
BackgroundLöbner, M., Pabst, A., Stein, J., Dorow, M., Matschinger, H., Luppa, M., Maroß, A., Kersting, A., König, H.-H., & Riedel-Heller, S. G. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.06.008 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Lungu, A., Jun, J. J., Azarmanesh, O., Leykin, Y., & Chen, C. E.-J. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/18723 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Zhang, A., Franklin, C., Jing, S., Bornheimer, L. A., Hai, A. H., Himle, J. A., Kong, D., & Ji, Q. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.008 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Dorow, M., Löbner, M., Pabst, A., Stein, J., & Riedel-Heller, S. G. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00181 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
“Additionally, compared to patients with a high educational level, those with lower education have been found to bemore likely to drop out from internet-based CBT interventions (75) or trials investigating the effectiveness and acceptability of iCBT (76).”
BackgroundBoggs, J. M., Beck, A., Felder, J. N., Dimidjian, S., Metcalf, C. A., & Segal, Z. V. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3129 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“60) [8,11] and high user acceptability and satisfaction [12-14], particularly when combined with the use of reminders or live support [15,16].”
BackgroundHagen, R., Hjemdal, O., Solem, S., Kennair, L. E. O., Nordahl, H. M., Fisher, P., & Adrian Wells, A. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00031 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Ahern, E., Kinsella, S., & Semkovska, M. (2018) · Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research · doi:10.1080/14737167.2018.1407245 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
“Less frequently, therapist support was maximized through face-to-face sessions, which were used to complement the online delivery of CBT content [45,48,49], or with sessions completed entirely with the therapist through synchronous, secure online messaging [50].”
MethodKenter, R., Cuijpers, P., Beekman, A., & van Straten, A. (2016) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.4861 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
“The results of our study also compare poorly with those of other studies of Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) in routine care [12,15,34].”
Rosso, I. M., Killgore, W. D. S., Olson, E. A., Webb, C. A., Fukunaga, R., Auerbach, R. P., Gogel, H., Buchholz, J. L., & Rauch, S. L. (2016) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22590 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Working alliance as a predictor of change in depression during blended cognitive behaviour therapy
Vernmark, K., Hesser, H., Topooco, N., Berger, T., Riper, H., Luuk, L., Backlund, L., Carlbring, P., & Andersson, G. (2019) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2018.1533577 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“To date, little is known about the effects of bCBT, but the results so far seem promising (Høifødt et al., 2013).”
BackgroundWilhelmsen, M., Høifødt, R. S., Kolstrup, N., Waterloo, K. K., Eisemann, M. R., Chenhall, R. D., & Risør, M. B. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3556 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“It has been proven in trials to be effective in alleviating depression as a self-administered self-help program [26] and as guided ICBT for patients from primary care [10].”
Self-citationInternet-based treatment of depression
Cuijpers, P. J., Riper, H. M., & Andersson, G. (2015) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2014.12.026 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Acceptability of Digital Mental Health Interventions for Depression and Anxiety: Systematic Review
Lau, C. K. Y., Saad, A., Camara, B., Rahman, D., & Bolea-Alamanac, B. (2024) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/52609 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Kemmeren, L., van Schaik, A., Riper, H. M., Kleiboer, A. M., Bosmans, J. E., & Smit, J. H. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0818-5 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Wahle, F., Bollhalder, L., Kowatsch, T., & Fleisch, E. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.7381 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“Only a small number of included studies made use of self-monitoring components, such as symptom tracking and tracking reminders, yet they are seen as key features of psychotherapy in particular [40,96], and in behavior-change interventions in general [12,115-118].”
Background(2024) · doi:10.2196/49660 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“%) studies [23,26,37-43, 45-48,”
BackgroundResultInfluentialInternet‐Based Psychotherapy for Adult Depression: What About the Mechanisms of Change?
Mogoaşe, C., Cobeanu, O., David, D., Giosan, C., & Szentágotai, A. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22326 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Schuster, R., Leitner, I., Carlbring, P., & Laireiter, A.-R. (2017) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2017.04.001 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“…was high and findings correspond to other studies employing face-to-face and computerised intervention components in individual therapy for depression (Hoifodt et al., 2013; Mansson et al., 2013) and group therapy for anxiety disorders (Gruber et al., 2001; Przeworski and Newman, 2004).”
ResultBlended CBT versus face-to-face CBT: a randomised non-inferiority trial
Mathiasen, K., Andersen, T. E., Riper, H. M., Kleiboer, A. M., & Roessler, K. K. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1140-y · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“In a randomised controlled trial conducted in primary care in Tromsø, Norway clinical psychologists delivered 30 min sessions following each online module [24].”
van der Zweerde, T., Lancee, J., Slottje, P., Bosmans, J. E., Someren, E. J. W. V., Reynolds, C. F., Cuijpers, P. J., & van Straten, A. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0783-z · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“depression [74].”
Yates, T. E., Gray, L. J., Henson, J. J., Edwardson, C. L., Khunti, K. K., & Davies, M. J. (2019) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc19-0400 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Wright, J. H., Owen, J. J., Eells, T. D., Antle, B. F., Bishop, L. B., Girdler, R. V., Harris, L. M., Wright, R. B., Wells, M. J., Gopalraj, R. K., et al. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.46716 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Kemmeren, L. L., van Schaik, A., Smit, J. H., Ruwaard, J., Rocha, A., Henriques, M., Ebert, D. D., Titzler, I., Hazo, J.-B., Dorsey, M., et al. (2019) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/12707 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“The FTF and Web-based sessions in, for example, the study of Kooistra et al [29] were highly structured, whereas others provided more flexibility in order and dosage for a more adaptable approach [28,30].”
BackgroundMethodMathiasen, K., Andersen, T. E., Lichtenstein, M. B., Ehlers, L. H., Riper, H., Kleiboer, A., & Roessler, K. K. (2022) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/36577 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“In a randomized controlled trial conducted in primary care in Tromsø, Norway, clinical psychologists delivered 30-minute sessions following each online module [29].”
Sundram, F., Hawken, S., Stasiak, K., Lucassen, M., Fleming, T., Shepherd, M., Greenwood, A., Osborne, R., & Merry, S. (2017) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.5878 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Høifødt, R. S., Mittner, M., Lillevoll, K. R., Katla, S. K., Kolstrup, N., Eisemann, M. R., Friborg, O., & Waterloo, K. K. (2015) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.4351 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“A more detailed account of the study methods is given in Høifødt et al [13].”
InfluentialSelf-citationKooistra, L., Ruwaard, J., Wiersma, J., van Oppen, P., & Riper, H. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9020347 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Haaf, R., Vock, P., Wächtershäuser, N., Correll, C. U., Köhler, S., & Klein, J. P. (2024) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-023-01587-0 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
A review of web-based support systems for students in higher education
Παπαδάτου-Παστού, Μ., Goozée, R., Payne, E., Barrable, A., & Tzotzoli, P. (2017) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/s13033-017-0165-z · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Another RCT of the same system in primary care patients with depression found improved measures of recovery [63].”
BackgroundArensman, E., Koburger, N., Larkin, C., Karwig, G., Coffey, C., Maxwell, M., Harris, F., Rummel‐Kluge, C., van Audenhove, C., Sisask, M., et al. (2015) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.4358 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Papadatou-Pastou, M., Campbell-Thompson, L., Barley, E., Haddad, M., Lafarge, C., McKeown, E., Simeonov, L., & Tzotzoli, P. (2019) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/s13033-019-0308-5 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Computer-Assisted CBT and Mobile Apps for Depression: Assessment and Integration Into Clinical Care
Wright, J. H., & Mishkind, M. C. (2020) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.focus.20190044 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Dorow, M., Stein, J., Förster, F., Löbner, M., Franz, M., Günther, R., Schröder, R., Sommer, D., Möller, D., Dekoj, M. C., et al. (2018) · Psychiatrische Praxis · doi:10.1055/s-0043-117049 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Zhao, D., Lustria, M. L. A., & Hendrickse, J. (2017) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2017.01.004 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Moradi, M., Akbari, M., & Alavi, M. (2022) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.13125 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Kemmeren, L. L., van Schaik, A., Draisma, S., Kleiboer, A., Riper, H., & Smit, J. H. (2023) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-023-10363-y · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Regarding treatment outcomes of efficacy trials on integrated blended treatments conducted so far, initial results indicate a decrease of depressive symptoms following treatment based on blending FTF therapy with digital technology-based support (Berger et al., 2018; Høifødt et al., 2013; Kooistra et al., 2019; Ly et…”
BackgroundPersonalization in Digital Psychological Interventions for Young Adults
Jahedi, F., Henman, P. W. F., & Ryan, J. C. (2022) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2022.2158261 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“…al., 2011; Lucassen et al., 2015; Ruggiero et al., 2015; Shepherd et al., 2018; Stjerneklar et al., 2018), three studies personalized presentation (Høifødt et al., 2013; Lucassen et al., 2015; Shepherd et al., 2018), and two personalized intervention strategies (Neal-Barnett et al., 2019; Price…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialChallenges and opportunities for e-mental health policy: an Estonian case study
Sogomonjan, M. (2020) · Contemporary Social Science · doi:10.1080/21582041.2020.1720795 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“…of e-mental health therapies blended with traditional guided mental health interventions, already in use in the EU, Australia and the USA, has shown how they can facilitate and increase access to treatment (Berger et al., 2017; Hickie et al., 2010; Høifødt et al., 2013; Rollman et al., 2017).”
BackgroundPráticas em saúde mental na atenção primária à saúde
Frateschi, M. S., & Cardoso, C. L. (2016) · Psico · doi:10.15448/1980-8623.2016.2.22024 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“…o contato social e o fortalecimento dos vínculos por meio de visitas domiciliares (Kerse et al., 2010) e de atendimentos individuais com terapeuta (Høifødt et al., 2013); o cuidado longitudinal e sistematizado (Gidding, Spigt, & Dinant, 2013; Kerse et al., 2010; Høifødt et al., 2013; Huijbregts,…”
Friedl, N., Krieger, T., Chevreul, K., Hazo, J., Holtzmann, J., Hoogendoorn, M., Kleiboer, A. M., Mathiasen, K., Urech, A., Riper, H. M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9020490 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Murata, T., Hiramatsu, Y., Yamada, F., Seki, Y., Nagata, S., Shibuya, T., Yokoo, M., Noguchi, R., Tanaka, M., Oshiro, K., et al. (2019) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-019-4758-2 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Simmonds‐Buckley, M., Bennion, M. R., Kellett, S., Millings, A., Hardy, G. E., & Moore, R. K. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/17049 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“Details of the included studies can be found in Multimedia Appendix 2[32-55].”
Tong, A. C. Y., Ho, F. S., Chu, O. H., & Mak, W. W. S. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/39029 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Kirkovits, T., Schinkoethe, T., Drewes, C., Gehring, C., Bauerfeind, I., Harbeck, N., & Wuerstlein, R. (2016) · JMIR Cancer · doi:10.2196/cancer.5132 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“Many surveys have already demonstrated that it is possible to implement a patient support system using eHealth [7,10-13,24-31], but little is known about physicians’ acceptance of such technologies.”
BackgroundUsing virtual reality to reduce state anxiety and stress in University students: An experiment
Camara, D., & Hicks, R. E. (2019) · Bond University Research Portal (Bond University) · doi:10.5176/2345-7929_4.2.100 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Kuroda, N., Burkey, M. D., & Wissow, L. (2021) · Journal of general internal medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06449-y · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Andersson, G., Wagner, B., & Cuijpers, P. J. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-06083-5_2 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Shafierizi, S., Faramarzi, M., Amiri, F. N., Chehrazi, M., Basirat, Z., Kheirkhah, F., & Pasha, H. (2023) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2022.2158763 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“The sample size was measured according to a previous study (Høifødt et al., 2013).”
MethodInfluentialA stress management intervention for adults living with HIV in Nigerian community settings
Nwobi, A. U., Eseadi, C., Obetta, K. C., Ekwealor, N. E., Ogbonnaya, K. A., Oboegbulem, A. I., Chinweuba, N. H., Mbagwu, F., Vita-Agundu, U. C., Okpoko, C. C., et al. (2018) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000012801 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Branquinho, M., Canavarro, M. C., & Fonseca, A. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17228631 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“There is growing evidence of the efficacy of blended treatments for several psychological disorders [24], including depression [21,28,29].”
BackgroundMassoudi, B., Blanker, M. H., van Valen, E., Wouters, H., Bockting, C., & Burger, H. (2017) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1376-1 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
E-mental health services in Australia 2014: current and future
Christensen, H. M., Proudfoot, J. G., Woodward, A., Hosie, A., Klein, B., Morgan, C., Kavanagh, D. J., Andrews, G., Harman, G., Burns, J. S., et al. (2014) · Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationStuart, R., Fischer, H. J., Leitzke, A., Becker, D., Saheba, N., & Coleman, K. J. (2022) · The Permanente Journal · doi:10.7812/tpp/21.183 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Omylinska‐Thurston, J., Aithal, S., Liverpool, S., Clark, R. D., Moula, Z., Wood, J., Viliardos, L., Rodríguez-Dorans, E., Farish-Edwards, F., Parsons, A. S., et al. (2024) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/55500 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Reference was also made to the “suitability” of the interventions, as it allowed clients to undertake therapy at their own pace, time, and place [41], and “acceptability,” when participants liked working in private due to discomfort related to working with personal issues [49].”
BackgroundHome-Based tDCS: Design, Feasibility and Safety Considerations
Alonzo, A., & Charvet, L. E. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-33967-2_23 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Silverstone, P. H., Rittenbach, K., Suen, V. Y. M., Moretzsohn, A. G., Cribben, I., Bercov, M., Allen, A., Pryce, C., Hamza, D. M., & Trew, M. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00032 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“It should be noted, however, that while online psychotherapy programs are useful, they seem to be most effective when combined with face-to-face guided support (49).”
BackgroundLungu, A., Wickham, R. E., Chen, S.-Y., Jun, J. J., Leykin, Y., & Chen, C. E.-J. (2022) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2022.100536 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Rajeshkumar, L., Mishkind, M., Coleman, J. J., Pahwa, M., LaPreze, D., Solenske, S., & Wright, J. H. (2024) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/pra.0000000000000815 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“38 – 41 The Sadness Program , an Australian contribution to CCBT, has been investigated in clinician-supported versus technician-supported formats compared with a waitlist control.”
Social Cognitive Theories and Electronic Health Design: Scoping Review
Grace-Farfaglia, P. (2019) · JMIR Human Factors · doi:10.2196/11544 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Studies were coded by the author for theoretical framework, tools (informational aid, expressive aid, and gaming), and content that was tailored to each user (Multimedia Appendix 2 [27,36-196]).”
Cunningham, J. A., Godinho, A., Hendershot, C. S., KAY‐LAMBKIN, F. J., Neighbors, C., Griffiths, K. M., & Schell, C. (2021) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2021.100477 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Participants in the M-only group were provided access to MoodGYM, a popular automated online intervention for depression with multiple trials demonstrating its efficacy (Bennett et al., 2010; Calear et al., 2009; Christensen et al., 2004; Griffiths et al., 2004; Hickie et al., 2010; Hoifodt et al., 2013; Mackinnon et…”
MethodSelf-citationGuided Internet-Delivered Treatment for Depression: Scoping Review
Børtveit, L., Dechsling, A., Sütterlin, S., Nordgreen, T., & Nordahl‐Hansen, A. (2022) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/37342 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“In Multimedia Appendix 5 [17,73-182], the data charted from and the characteristics of the different sources of evidence are presented.”
BackgroundRoepke, S. K., & Dong, X. (2015) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.13613 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Recent investigations have also focused on brief cognitive behavioral interventions that are more accessible to a wide range of individuals in that they are deliverable in the primary care setting and on-line.(48,49) Future work might focus on developing such brief, accessible cognitive behavioral interventions target…”
BackgroundCunningham, J. A., Hendershot, C. S., KAY‐LAMBKIN, F. J., Neighbors, C., Griffiths, K. M., Bennett, K., Bennett, A., Godinho, A., & Schell, C. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022412 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationGrünzig, S.-D., Bengel, J., Göhner, W., & Krämer, L. V. (2018) · PPmP. Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie · doi:10.1055/a-0630-2397 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“Unter den begleiteten Selbsthilfeinterventionen wird bei Høifødt ([55]; Online-Training mit Face-to-Face Support) nicht berichtet, ob und wenn ja, in welchem Ausmaß die Teilnehmenden zwischen Baseline und T1 (7 Wochen) andere Gesundheitsleistungen in Anspruch nahmen.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialDissemination of computer-assisted cognitive-behavior therapy for depression in primary care
Antle, B. F., Owen, J. J., Eells, T. D., Wells, M. J., Harris, L. M., Cappiccie, A., Wright, B., Williams, S. M., & Wright, J. H. (2018) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2018.11.001 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Skaczkowski, G., van der Kruk, S., Loxton, S., Hughes-Barton, D., Howell, C., Turnbull, D., Jensen, N., Smout, M., & Gunn, K. (2022) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/31018 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“The quality of this evidence is high, with a number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs; eg, the studies by McDermott et al [10], Powell et al [12], and Kiropoulos et al [13]) and systematic reviews (eg, the studies by Renton et al [15] and Ashford et al [16]) illustrating their value.”
BackgroundInfluentialKatzman, M. A., Anand, L., Furtado, M., & Chokka, P. R. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(14)70002-2 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Davies, S. R., Caldwell, D. M., López-López, J. A., Dawson, S., Wiles, N., Kessler, D. S., Welton, N. J., & Churchill, R. C. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013140 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Andersson, G., Nordgren, L. B., Buhrman, M., & Carlbring, P. (2015) · Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica · doi:10.5944/rppc.vol.19.num.3.2014.13903 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Gutiérrez, G., Gizzarelli, T., Moghimi, E., Vázquez, G. H., & Alavi, N. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.09.005 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Bae, E. S., & Yeum, D. M. (2015) · Korean Journal of Adult Nursing · doi:10.7475/kjan.2015.27.2.223 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“이러한 심리적 증상은 비용효과, 효과적인 전달 체계 및 접근성이 높은 근거중심치료의 요구도가 크다[8].”
- Authors
- Høifødt, R. S., Lillevoll, K. R., Griffiths, K. M., Wilsgaard, T., Eisemann, M., Waterloo, K., & Kolstrup, N.
- Affiliations
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway (NO)
- Australian National University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Høifødt, Ragnhild Sørensen
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Medical Internet Research
- Publisher
- JMIR Publications Inc.
- Published
- 2013-08-05
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- e153
- ISSN
- 1438-8871 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3742404
- OpenAlex
- W2075700213
- Cited by
- 154
- References
- 114
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 24.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Medical Internet Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Universitetet i Tromsø
- Australian National University
- Norges Forskningsråd
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- depression, internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy, MoodGYM, primary care, mild to moderate depression, medication adherence, treatment satisfaction, anxiety symptoms, life satisfaction, treatment delay, acceptability, cost-effectiveness, quality of life
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Primary Health Care, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Internet
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
