Cited by 318Cellular transport and secretionNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchExtracellular vesicles in disease

Synaptic vesicle recycling: steps and principles

Open access
Rizzoli, Silvio O·2014·The EMBO Journal

Abstract

Synaptic vesicle recycling is one of the best-studied cellular pathways. Many of the proteins involved are known, and their interactions are becoming increasingly clear. However, as for many other pathways, it is still difficult to understand synaptic vesicle recycling as a whole. While it is generally possible to point out how synaptic reactions take place, it is not always easy to understand what triggers or controls them. Also, it is often difficult to understand how the availability of the reaction partners is controlled: how the reaction partners manage to find each other in the right place, at the right time. I present here an overview of synaptic vesicle recycling, discussing the mechanisms that trigger different reactions, and those that ensure the availability of reaction partners. A central argument is that synaptic vesicles bind soluble cofactor proteins, with low affinity, and thus control their availability in the synapse, forming a buffer for cofactor proteins. The availability of cofactor proteins, in turn, regulates the different synaptic reactions. Similar mechanisms, in which one of the reaction partners buffers another, may apply to many other processes, from the biogenesis to the degradation of the synaptic vesicle.

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  • The precise mechanisms that govern the number of vesicles undergoing exo- or endocytosis are still subjects of active investigation.

    “The precise mechanisms that govern the number of vesicles undergoing exo- or endocytosis, ensuring efficient resource allocation and preventing membrane imbalances, are still subjects of active investigation [23].”

    From Molecular Physiology of the Neuronal Synapse (2026) · cites this paper as [23]

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  1. Groffen AJ, Martens S, Díez Arazola R, Cornelisse LN, Lozovaya N, de Jong APH, Goriounova NA, Habets RLP, Takai Y, Borst JG, Brose N, McMahon HT, Verhage M (2010) Doc2b is a high‐affinity Ca2+ sensor for spontaneous neurotransmitter release. Science 327: 1614– 1618 20150444 PMC2846320
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Authors
Rizzoli, S. O.
Affiliations
Universitätsmedizin Göttingen (DE)
Corresponding author
Rizzoli, Silvio O
Venue
The EMBO Journal
Published
2014-03-04
Volume
33
Issue
8
Pages
788-822
ISSN
  • 0261-4189 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-2075
OpenAlex
W2011652925
Cited by
317
References
387
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 1
FWCI
2.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The EMBO Journal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • GoeScholar The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • GRO (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
European Research Council (FP7)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
Keywords
synaptic vesicle recycling, synaptic vesicle exocytosis, protein availability, synaptic vesicle biogenesis, synaptic vesicle fusion, protein-protein interaction
MeSH terms
Animals, Endocytosis, Exocytosis, Humans, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neurons, Synaptic Vesicles, Metabolic Networks and Pathways

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