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Cited by 2,347Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesMemory and Neural Mechanisms

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The debate over dopamine’s role in reward: the case for incentive salience

Berridge, Kent C.·2007·Psychopharmacology
DOI 10.1007/s00213-006-0578-x
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Abstract

Introduction Debate continues over the precise causal contribution made by mesolimbic dopamine systems to reward. There are three competing explanatory categories: 'liking', learning, and 'wanting'. Does dopamine mostly mediate the hedonic impact of reward ('liking')? Does it instead mediate learned predictions of future reward, prediction error teaching signals and stamp in associative links (learning)? Or does dopamine motivate the pursuit of rewards by attributing incentive salience to reward-related stimuli ('wanting')? Each hypothesis is evaluated here, and it is suggested that the incentive salience or 'wanting' hypothesis of dopamine function may be consistent with more evidence than either learning or 'liking'. In brief, recent evidence indicates that dopamine is neither necessary nor sufficient to mediate changes in hedonic 'liking' for sensory pleasures. Other recent evidence indicates that dopamine is not needed for new learning, and not sufficient to directly mediate learning by causing teaching or prediction signals. By contrast, growing evidence indicates that dopamine does contribute causally to incentive salience. Dopamine appears necessary for normal 'wanting', and dopamine activation can be sufficient to enhance cue-triggered incentive salience. Drugs of abuse that promote dopamine signals short circuit and sensitize dynamic mesolimbic mechanisms that evolved to attribute incentive salience to rewards. Such drugs interact with incentive salience integrations…

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Metadata

Authors
Berridge, K. C.
Affiliations
University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author
Berridge, Kent C.
ORCID
Berridge, Kent C.
Venue
Psychopharmacology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2006-10-27
Volume
191
Issue
3
Pages
391-431
ISSN
  • 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-2072
DOI
10.1007/s00213-006-0578-x
OpenAlex
W2163805252
Cited by
2,347
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 44 · 2025: 92 · 2024: 82 · 2023: 77 · 2022: 101 · 2021: 107 · 2020: 135 · 2019: 161 · 2018: 108 · 2017: 120 · 2016: 158 · 2015: 144 · 2014: 144 · 2013: 177 · 2012: 174
FWCI
9.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH-63649, R01MH063649)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA017752, DA-017752, DA015188, R01DA015188)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords
dopamine, reward, incentive salience, wanting, liking, learning, mesolimbic dopamine system, prediction error, classical conditioning, drugs of abuse, addiction, compulsive behavior, hedonic pleasure
MeSH terms
Animals, Appetitive Behavior, Association Learning, Dopamine, Humans, Limbic System, Motivation, Nucleus Accumbens, Reinforcement, Psychology, Reward, Prosencephalon, Behavior, Addictive, Neurotransmitter Agents

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