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The RXR heterodimers and orphan receptors
Open accessAbstract
The nuclear receptor superfamily is comprised of over 150 different proteins that have evolved to mediate a complex array of extracellular signals into transcriptional responses. Many, but not all, of these proteins directly bind to signaling molecules, which, because of their small lipophilic character, can easily enter the target cell. Thus, unlike membrane-bound receptors, the nuclear receptors are intracellular and function to control the activity of target genes directly. In aggregate, these target genes comprise a genetic network whose coordinate activity defines the physiologic response. The purpose of this review is to establish the historical links between the steroid and nonsteroid receptor signaling systems, to chart the explosive development of the retinoid X receptor (RXR) heterodimer and orphan receptor family, to explain the impact of these discoveries on our understanding of the mechanisms of hormonal signaling, and, finally, to present emerging issues and implications of these studies for animal development, physiology, and human disease.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mangelsdorf, D. J., & Evans, R. M.
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1995-12
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 841-850
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1995754186
- Cited by
- 3,158
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 64.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.