Depression-like behavior and stressor-induced neuroendocrine activation in female prairie voles exposed to chronic social isolation
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the responses of prairie voles to social stressors play a mechanistic role in the behavioral and physiological changes associated with affective disorders such as depression, as suggested in previous studies. Prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) are socially monogamous rodents that share features of social behavior with humans; therefore, they may serve as useful models for examining social behavioral regulations and physiological responses related to depression. In this study, we hypothesized that social isolation in female prairie voles would induce depression-relevant behaviors and alter their neuroendocrine responses to an acute social stressor. METHODS: Twenty adult female prairie voles were exposed to either 60 days of social isolation or paired (control) housing. They were tested and observed for a depression-like behavior (anhedonia). The levels of corticotropin-releasing factor- and oxytocin-immunoreactive cells in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and circulating levels of hormones and peptide were measured in response to an acute social stressor (resident-intruder test). RESULTS: Chronic social isolation produced anhedonia, measured by reduced sucrose intake and sucrose preference relative to the control animals. Compared with the paired animals, the isolated prairie voles displayed increased plasma hormone and peptide levels (oxytocin, arginine vasopressin, and corticosterone) after a 5-minute resident-intruder test, mirrored by an increased number of oxytocin- and corticotropin-releasing factor-immunoreactive cells in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that isolation in a socially monogamous rodent model induces both behavioral and neuroendocrine changes that are relevant to depression. These results may provide insight into the mechanisms that underlie the development and/or maintenance of depressive disorders in humans.
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Female prairie voles that are socially isolated have higher plasma AVP levels than socially housed females.
“For example, female prairie voles that are socially isolated have reduced sucrose intake, and higher plasma levels OT, AVP and corticosterone than socially housed females [41].”
From The prairie vole: An emerging model organism for understanding the social brain (2010) · cites this paper as [41]
When prairie voles are chronically isolated or separated from their pair bonded partner, they display behaviors similar to those found in depression.
“When prairie voles are chronically isolated, or separated from their pair bonded partner, they display behaviors similar to those found in depression.”
From The prairie vole: An emerging model organism for understanding the social brain (2010) · cites this paper as [41]
Female prairie voles that are socially isolated have higher plasma OT levels than socially housed females.
“For example, female prairie voles that are socially isolated have reduced sucrose intake, and higher plasma levels OT, AVP and corticosterone than socially housed females [41].”
From The prairie vole: An emerging model organism for understanding the social brain (2010) · cites this paper as [41]
Female prairie voles that are socially isolated have reduced sucrose intake compared to socially housed females.
“For example, female prairie voles that are socially isolated have reduced sucrose intake, and higher plasma levels OT, AVP and corticosterone than socially housed females [41].”
From The prairie vole: An emerging model organism for understanding the social brain (2010) · cites this paper as [41]
Female prairie voles that are socially isolated have higher plasma corticosterone levels than socially housed females.
“For example, female prairie voles that are socially isolated have reduced sucrose intake, and higher plasma levels OT, AVP and corticosterone than socially housed females [41].”
From The prairie vole: An emerging model organism for understanding the social brain (2010) · cites this paper as [41]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Grippo, A. J., Cushing, B. S., & Carter, C. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Grippo, Angela J.
- Venue
- Psychosomatic Medicine
- Published
- 2007-02
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 149-157
- ISSN
- 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3006075
- OpenAlex
- W1990797163
- Cited by
- 196
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 4.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH 01992, MH 73233, F32MH073233, K01MH001992)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD 48390, P01HD038490)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- depression-like behavior, anhedonia, chronic social isolation, Microtus ochrogaster, social stress, neuroendocrine response, oxytocin, corticotropin-releasing factor, vasopressin, corticosterone, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, resident-intruder test, social monogamy, animal models of depression
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Arvicolinae, Depression, Disease Models, Animal, Feeding Behavior, Female, Neurosecretory Systems, Social Isolation, Stress, Psychological
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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