Breaking bonds in male prairie vole: Long-term effects on emotional and social behavior, physiology, and neurochemistry
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Social relationships are essential for many fundamental aspects of life while bond disruption can be detrimental to mental and physical health. Male prairie voles form enduring social bonds with their female partners, allowing the evaluation of partner loss on behavior, physiology, and neurochemistry. Males were evaluated for partner preference formation induced by 24h of mating, and half were separated from their partner for 4 wk. In Experiment 1, partner loss significantly increased anxiety-like behaviors in the elevated plus maze and light-dark box tests and marginally increased depressive-like behaviors in the forced swim test. In addition, while intruder-directed aggression is common in pair bonded prairie voles, separated males were affiliative and lacked aggression toward an unfamiliar female and an intruding male conspecific. Partner loss increased the density of oxytocin-immunoreactivity (-ir), vasopressin-ir, and corticotrophin-releasing hormone-ir cells in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and oxytocin-ir cells in the supraoptic nucleus. Tyrosine hydroxylase-ir was not affected. In Experiment 2, partner preference was observed after 2 wk of partner loss but eliminated after 4 wk partner loss. Body weight gain and plasma corticosterone concentrations were elevated throughout the 4 wk. No effects were observed for plasma oxytocin or vasopressin. Together, partner loss elicits anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors, disrupts bond-related behaviors, and alters neuropeptide systems that regulate such behaviors. Thus, partner loss in male prairie voles may provide a model to better understand the behavior, pathology, and neurobiology underlying partner loss and grief.
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Heightened HPA activity, shown by increased circulating corticosterone and ACTH, occurs after 1-5 days of isolation in juvenile or pair-bonded adult prairie voles.
“Heightened HPA axis activity (evidenced by a robust increase in circulating corticosterone and ACTH) is observed after 1–5 days of social isolation in juvenile (3–5 weeks old)68,69 or pair-bonded adult70–72 prairie voles.”
From Neural mechanisms of social homeostasis (2019) · cites this paper as [72]
Anxiety-related behavior is increased in separated male prairie voles for up to 4 weeks even in males separated from their siblings.
“Anxiety-related behavior is increased in separated males for up to 4 weeks (Bosch et al. 2009; McNeal et al. 2014; Sun et al. 2014) even in males separated from their siblings (Bosch et al. 2009)”
From Oxytocin and Social Relationships: From Attachment to Bond Disruption (2017) · cites this paper as Sun et al. 2014
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- Authors
- Sun, P., Smith, A. S., Lei, K., Liu, Y., & Wang, Z.
- Affiliations
- Florida State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Z.
- Venue
- Behavioural Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 265
- Pages
- 22-31
- ISSN
- 0166-4328 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3983777
- OpenAlex
- W2095807756
- Cited by
- 141
- References
- 114
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8
- FWCI
- 16.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Behavioural Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 30870370)
- National Science Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (NIMHF31-095464, NIMHR01-89852, NIMHR01-058616)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Keywords
- Microtus ochrogaster, loss of a partner, mate preferences, anxiety-like behavior, depression-like behavior, oxytocin, vasopressin, corticotropin-releasing factor, paraventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, corticosterone, grief, male social behavior, neuroendocrine response
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Ocular, Aggression, Animals, Arginine Vasopressin, Body Weight, Brain, Corticosterone, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Arvicolinae, Male, Neurochemistry, Oxytocin, Pair Bond, Social Isolation, Stress, Psychological, Swimming, Time Factors, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase, Vasopressins, Maze Learning
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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