Neural Correlates of Face and Object Recognition in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Developmental Delay, and Typical Development
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This study utilized electroencephalographic recordings to examine whether young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have impaired face recognition ability. High-density brain event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded to photos of the child's mother's face versus an unfamiliar female face and photos of a favorite versus an unfamiliar toy from children with ASD, children with typical development, and children with developmental delay, all 3 to 4 years of age (N= 118). Typically developing children showed ERP amplitude differences in two components, P400 and Nc, to a familiar versus an unfamiliar face, and to a familiar versus an unfamiliar object. In contrast, children with ASD failed to show differences in ERPs to a familiar versus an unfamiliar face, but they did show P400 and Nc amplitude differences to a familiar versus an unfamiliar object. Developmentally delayed children showed significant ERP amplitude differences for the positive slow wave for both faces and objects. These data suggest that autism is associated with face recognition impairment that is manifest early in life.
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Research has documented atypical EEG activity in young children with autism spectrum disorder in response to faces.
“Research has documented atypical patterns of EEG activity in young children with ASD in response to face stimuli.7–9”
From Early Behavioral Intervention Is Associated With Normalized Brain Activity in Young Children With Autism (2012) · cites this paper as [7]
In infancy, the P400 is sensitive to complex aspects of face processing.
“In infancy, this component is sensitive to complex aspects of face processing.”
The P400 is a positive-going deflection that typically peaks around 300 to 600 ms after stimulus onset.
“Secondly, the P400 is a positive-going deflection that typically peaks around 300 to 600 ms after stimulus onset [40–42].”
In typical development, the P400 peaks earlier and with smaller amplitude to faces than objects.
“For example, in typical development, the P400 is modulated by face inversion [43], dynamic gaze shifts [36], and peaks earlier and with smaller amplitude to faces than objects, consistent with greater attention capture or depth of processing by unfamiliar objects than faces in this age range [41, 44].”
Typically developing toddlers showed a larger P400 amplitude to unfamiliar than familiar faces, while toddlers with ASD did not.
“typically developing toddlers showed a larger P400 amplitude to unfamiliar than familiar faces, while toddlers with ASD did not [41].”
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ERP evidence of atypical face processing in young children with autism
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Self-citationSocial and monetary reward processing in autism spectrum disorders
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Jones, E. J. H., Venema, K., Earl, R., Lowy, R., Barnes, K., Estes, A., Dawson, G., & Webb, S. J. (2016) · Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1186/s11689-016-9139-8 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
“Peaks were defined as the most positive point of a deflection between 200 and 900 msec (P400), and the peak had to be present in at least two sixths electrodes in a group [36, 41, 44].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationNeural correlates of eye-gaze detection in young children with autism
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Emotional face processing and emotion regulation in children: an ERP study
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Affective–motivational brain responses to direct gaze in children with autism spectrum disorder
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Self-citationUnderstanding autism and related disorders: What has imaging taught us?
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Atypical development of face and greeble recognition in autism
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Atypical Hemispheric Specialization for Faces in Infants at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Diagnosing autism in neurobiological research studies
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Variation in the human cannabinoid receptor CNR1 gene modulates gaze duration for happy faces
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Perception of facial expression and facial identity in subjects with social developmental disorders
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Investigations of face expertise in the social developmental disorders
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Intermodal matching of emotional expressions in young children with autism
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Effect of Social Stimuli on Postural Responses in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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- Authors
- Dawson, G., Carver, L., Meltzoff, A. N., Panagiotides, H., McPartland, J., & Webb, S. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington
- University of California San Diego (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Child Development
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2002-05-01
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 700-717
- ISSN
- 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-8624
- PMC
- PMC3651041
- OpenAlex
- W2162250902
- Cited by
- 523
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 7.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Child Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- M.J. Murdock Charitable Trust
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R03HD057321, P01HD035465, P01 HD 34565)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, face recognition (cognition), object recognition, developmental delay, event-related potentials, P400, Nc component, neural correlates, young children, typical development
- MeSH terms
- Autistic Disorder, Brain, Child, Child, Preschool, Electroencephalography, Evoked Potentials, Face, Female, Humans, Functional Laterality, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Recognition, Psychology
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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