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Sleep function: current questions and new approaches
Open accessAbstract
The mammalian brain oscillates through three distinct global activity states: wakefulness, non‐rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and REM sleep. The regulation and function of these ‘vigilance’ or ‘behavioural’ states can be investigated over a broad range of temporal and spatial scales and at different levels of functional organization, i.e. from gene expression to memory, in single neurons, cortical columns or the whole brain and organism. We summarize some basic questions that have arisen from recent approaches in the quest for the functions of sleep. Whereas traditionally sleep was viewed to be regulated through top‐down control mechanisms, recent approaches have emphasized that sleep is emerging locally and regulated in a use‐dependent (homeostatic) manner. Traditional markers of sleep homeostasis, such as the electroencephalogram slow‐wave activity, have been linked to changes in connectivity and plasticity in local neuronal networks. Thus waking experience‐induced local network changes may be sensed by the sleep homeostatic process and used to mediate sleep‐dependent events, benefiting network stabilization and memory consolidation. Although many questions remain unanswered, the available data suggest that sleep function will best be understood by an analysis which integrates sleep’s many functional levels with its local homeostatic regulation.
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“Further, our finding of marked alterations in adipocyte function after experimental sleep restriction challenges the widely held belief that the primary function of sleep is the restoration of central nervous system function (26–29) and suggests that sleep may play an equally important role in peripheral energy metabolism.”
From Impaired Insulin Signaling in Human Adipocytes After Experimental Sleep Restriction: A Randomized, Crossover Study (2012) · cites this paper as [28]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Vassalli, A., & Dijk, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Lausanne (CH)
- University of Surrey (GB)
- Venue
- European Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-05
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1830-1841
- ISSN
- 0953-816X (ISSN-L)
- 1460-9568
- OpenAlex
- W1979724295
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 114
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 0.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- IRIS (submittedVersion)
- Open Research (University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Directorate for Biological Sciences
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Keywords
- sleep function, sleep homeostasis, sleep-wake states, wakefulness, NREM sleep, REM sleep, slow-wave activity, network connectivity, memory consolidation, sleep regulation, top-down control
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Brain, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Homeostasis, Humans, Male, Memory, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons, Sex Characteristics, Sleep, Synapses
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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