Cited by 364Immune Response and InflammationT-cell and B-cell ImmunologyCell Adhesion Molecules Research

Tissue homeostasis and inflammation

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Meizlish, Matthew L., Franklin, Ruth A., Zhou, Xu, Medzhitov, Ruslan·2021·Annual Review of Immunology

Abstract

There is a growing interest in understanding tissue organization, homeostasis, and inflammation. However, despite an abundance of data, the organizing principles of tissue biology remain poorly defined. Here, we present a perspective on tissue organization based on the relationships between cell types and the functions that they perform. We provide a formal definition of tissue homeostasis as a collection of circuits that regulate specific variables within the tissue environment, and we describe how the functional organization of tissues allows for the maintenance of both tissue and systemic homeostasis. This leads to a natural definition of inflammation as a response to deviations from homeostasis that cannot be reversed by homeostatic mechanisms alone. We describe how inflammatory signals act on the same cellular functions involved in normal tissue organization and homeostasis in order to coordinate emergency responses to perturbations and ultimately return the system to a homeostatic state. Finally, we consider the hierarchy of homeostatic and inflammatory circuits and the implications for the development of inflammatory diseases.

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Crossref · 10.1146/annurev-immunol-061020-053734

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Dunham-Snary KJ, Wu D, Sykes EA, Thakrar A, Parlow LRG, et al. 2017. Hypoxic pulmonary vaso- constriction: from molecular mechanisms to medicine. Chest 151(1):181-92
  2. Forray C, Bard JA, Wetzel JM, Chiu G, Shapiro E, et al. 1994. The α 1 -adrenergic receptor that mediates smooth muscle contraction in human prostate has the pharmacological properties of the cloned human α 1c subtype. Mol. Pharmacol. 45(4):703-8 140.

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Authors
Meizlish, M. L., Franklin, R. A., Zhou, X., & Medzhitov, R.
Affiliations
  • Yale University (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Boston Children's Hospital (US)
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Medzhitov, Ruslan
Venue
Annual Review of Immunology
Published
2021-04-26
Volume
39
Issue
1
Pages
557-581
ISSN
  • 0732-0582 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-3278
OpenAlex
W3135024921
Cited by
364
References
158
Citations by year
2026: 53 · 2025: 88 · 2024: 95 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 11 · 2012: 1
FWCI
5.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Annual Review of Immunology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  • Cancer Research Institute
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL139116, F31HL139116)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM136651)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI144152)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
Keywords
tissue homeostasis, inflammation, tissue organization, systemic homeostasis, inflammatory signaling, emergency response, inflammatory diseases, cell types
MeSH terms
Animals, Homeostasis, Humans, Inflammation

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