The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dual n-back training increases the capacity of the focus of attention
Abstract
Working memory (WM) training has been reported to benefit abilities as diverse as fluid intelligence (Jaeggi et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105:6829-6833, 2008) and reading comprehension (Chein & Morrison, Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 17:193-199, 2010), but transfer is not always observed (for reviews, see Morrison & Chein, Psychonomics Bulletin & Review, 18:46-60, 2011; Shipstead et al., Psychological Bulletin, 138:628-654, 2012). In contrast, recent WM training studies have consistently reported improvement on the trained tasks. The basis for these training benefits has received little attention, however, and it is not known which WM components and/or processes are being improved. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to investigate five possible mechanisms underlying the effects of adaptive dual n-back training on working memory (i.e., improvements in executive attention, updating, and focus switching, as well as increases in the capacity of the focus of attention and short-term memory). In addition to a no-contact control group, the present study also included an active control group whose members received nonadaptive training on the same task. All three groups showed significant improvements on the n-back task from pretest to posttest, but adaptive training produced larger improvements than did nonadaptive training, which in turn produced larger improvements than simply retesting. Adaptive, but not nonadaptive, training also resulted in improvements on an untrained running span task that measured the capacity of the focus of attention. No other differential improvements were observed, suggesting that increases in the capacity of the focus of attention underlie the benefits of adaptive dual n-back training.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Training on n-back is likely to lead to improvements on other tasks that are similar in design and structure to the n-back task, as demonstrated by Lilienthal, Tamez, Shelton, Myerson, and Hale (2013) and von Bastian and Eschen (2015).”
From Reevaluating the effectiveness of n-back training on transfer through the Bayesian lens: Support for the null (2016) · cites this paper as Lilienthal, Tamez, Shelton, Myerson, and Hale (2013)
In the citing paper
“Transfer to sequencing and/or complex WM tasks has been reported by some57–63, but not other N-back training studies58,64–70.”
From Near transfer to an unrelated N-back task mediates the effect of N-back working memory training on matrix reasoning (2022) · cites this paper as [58]
In the citing paper
“Other research has also reported no evidence of transfer of training to SHORT-TERM MEMORY or working-memory measures (Lilienthal, Tamez, Shelton, Myerson, & Hale, 2013;Schwab et al., 2015;Sprenger et al., 2013).”
From A simultaneous examination of two forms of working memory training: Evidence for near transfer only (2016) · cites this paper as Lilienthal, Tamez, Shelton, Myerson, & Hale, 2013
In the citing paper
“The n-back task is probably the most widely used in WMU training programs (e.g., [9–11]), and the arithmetical updating task has already been used in a previous training study and shown to produce specific training gains, at least [29].”
From Nearest transfer effects of working memory training: A comparison of two programs focused on working memory updating (2019) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Our results using two updating paradigms are therefore compatible with reports that performance improvements on one WM measure do not lead to gains on another type of WM task (e.g., [9, 11, 17]).”
From Nearest transfer effects of working memory training: A comparison of two programs focused on working memory updating (2019) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Our results reflect those of other studies reporting no transfer effects to complex WM tasks [8, 9, 11, 27].”
From Nearest transfer effects of working memory training: A comparison of two programs focused on working memory updating (2019) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“WM training on a given task can transfer to improvements in untrained working memory tasks (Blacker et al. 2017; Lilienthal et al. 2013; Chein and Morrison 2010; Borella et al. 2010)”
From Divergent Research Methods Limit Understanding of Working Memory Training (2020) · cites this paper as Lilienthal et al. 2013
In the citing paper
“Studies reporting performance gains in tasks such as digit span and reading span [6–8, 10,12] after dual n-back training suggest that training increases ability not only on the trained task (i.e., practice effects), but also on untrained, closely related tasks (near transfer effects).”
From Dual N-back working memory training in healthy adults: A randomized comparison to processing speed training. (2016) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“Dual n-back working memory training has been associated with improvement on similar dual n-back tasks, other tasks of working memory, and the broader construct of fluid intelligence [5–18]”
From Dual N-back working memory training in healthy adults: A randomized comparison to processing speed training. (2016) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“Other studies demonstrated improvement in near-transfer tasks although no improvement in far transfer [6,8,10,12,15].”
From Dual N-back working memory training in healthy adults: A randomized comparison to processing speed training. (2016) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“Although near and far transfer effects, albeit mixed, have been demonstrated after dual n-back training in younger (e.g., under 30) and older (e.g., over 60) age groups [5–12,15,17,18] effects were not previously investigated in a middle age-range sample.”
From Dual N-back working memory training in healthy adults: A randomized comparison to processing speed training. (2016) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“Although near and far transfer effects, albeit mixed, have been demonstrated after dual n-back training in younger (e.g., under 30) and older (e.g., over 60) age groups [5–12,15,17,18] effects were not previously investigated in a middle age-range sample.”
From Dual N-back working memory training in healthy adults: A randomized comparison to processing speed training. (2016) · cites this paper as [8]
Citations
Cites
The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity
Cowan, N. (2001) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x01003922 · Cited by 6,779
Working memory, short-term memory, and general fluid intelligence: A latent-variable approach.
Engle, R. W., Tuholski, S. W., Laughlin, J. E., & Conway, A. R. A. (1999) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.128.3.309 · Cited by 3,078
Improving fluid intelligence with training on working memory
Jaeggi, S. M., Buschkuehl, M., Jonides, J., & Perrig, W. J. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0801268105 · Cited by 2,187
Is working memory training effective? A meta-analytic review
Melby-Lervåg, M., & Hulme, C. (2013) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0028228 · Cited by 1,782
(2008) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195168648.001.0001 · Cited by 1,529
A controlled-attention view of working-memory capacity.
Kane, M. J., Bleckley, M. K., Conway, A. R. A., & Engle, R. W. (2001) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.130.2.169 · Cited by 1,414
Unsworth, N., & Engle, R. W. (2007) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.114.1.104 · Cited by 1,307
Access to information in working memory: Exploring the focus of attention.
Oberauer, K. (2002) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037//0278-7393.28.3.411 · Cited by 1,167
Is working memory training effective?
Shipstead, Z., Redick, T. S., & Engle, R. W. (2012) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0027473 · Cited by 1,101
Access to information in working memory: Exploring the focus of attention.
Oberauer, K. (2002) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.28.3.411 · Cited by 760
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Schneider, W., Eschman, A., & Zuccolotto, A. (2002). E-Prime users guide. Pittsburgh, PA: Psychological Software Tools.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Melby-Lervåg, M., Redick, T. S., & Hulme, C. (2016) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691616635612 · Cited by 983
Working memory training revisited: A multi-level meta-analysis of n-back training studies
Soveri, A., Antfolk, J., Karlsson, L., Salo, B., & Laine, M. (2017) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-016-1217-0 · Cited by 371
Does Working Memory Training Transfer? A Meta-Analysis Including Training Conditions as Moderators
Schwaighofer, M., Fischer, F., & Bühner, M. (2015) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2015.1036274 · Cited by 332
Effects and mechanisms of working memory training: a review
von Bastian, C. C., & Oberauer, K. (2014) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-013-0524-6 · Cited by 318
Complex span and n-back measures of working memory: A meta-analysis
Redick, T. S., & Lindsey, D. R. B. (2013) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-013-0453-9 · Cited by 305
Diamond, A. D., & Ling, D. S. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780199974467.003.0008 · Cited by 343
Kundu, B., Sutterer, D. W., Emrich, S. M., & Postle, B. R. (2013) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5565-12.2013 · Cited by 161
Enriquez‐Geppert, S., Huster, R. J., & Herrmann, C. S. (2013) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.02.001 · Cited by 166
Weicker, J., Villringer, A., & Thöne-Otto, A. (2016) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/neu0000227 · Cited by 147
Cognitive training with casual video games: points to consider
Baniqued, P. L., Kranz, M. B., Voss, M. W., Lee, H., Cosman, J. D., Severson, J., & Kramer, A. F. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.01010 · Cited by 152
Of cricket chirps and car horns: The effect of nature sounds on cognitive performance
Van Hedger, S. C., Nusbaum, H. C., Clohisy, L., Jaeggi, S. M., Buschkuehl, M., & Berman, M. G. (2019) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-018-1539-1 · Cited by 134
Simultaneous interpretation selectively influences working memory and attentional networks
Morales, J., Padilla, F. M., Gómez‐Ariza, C. J., & Bajo, M. T. (2015) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2014.12.004 · Cited by 123
Dougherty, M. R., Hamovitz, T., & Tidwell, J. W. (2016) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-015-0865-9 · Cited by 112
Stepankova, H., Lukavsky, J., Buschkuehl, M., Kopecek, M., Ripova, D., & Jaeggi, S. M. (2014) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034913 · Cited by 101
How to build better memory training games
Deveau, J., Jaeggi, S. M., Zordan, V. B., Phung, C., & Seitz, A. R. (2015) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2014.00243 · Cited by 101
Course-Choi, J., Saville, H., & Derakshan, N. (2016) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.11.002 · Cited by 96
Teixeira-Santos, A. C., Moreira, C. S., Magalhães, R., Magalhães, C., Pereira, D. R., Leite, J., Carvalho, S., & Sampaio, A. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.009 · Cited by 87
A simultaneous examination of two forms of working memory training: Evidence for near transfer only
Minear, M., Brasher, F., Guerrero, C. B., Brasher, M., Moore, A., & Sukeena, J. (2016) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-016-0616-9 · Cited by 85
Working memory updating and binding training: Bayesian evidence supporting the absence of transfer.
De Simoni, C., & von Bastian, C. C. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/xge0000453 · Cited by 84
Working Memory Capacity as a Predictor of Cognitive Training Efficacy in the Elderly Population
Matysiak, O., Kroemeke, A., & Brzezicka, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2019.00126 · Cited by 85
Lawlor-Savage, L., & Goghari, V. M. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151817 · Cited by 74
“Other studies demonstrated improvement in near-transfer tasks although no improvement in far transfer [6,8,10,12,15].”
ResultWorking memory training mostly engages general-purpose large-scale networks for learning
Salmi, J., Nyberg, L., & Laine, M. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.03.019 · Cited by 70
Transfer after Dual n -Back Training Depends on Striatal Activation Change
Salminen, T., Kühn, S., Frensch, P. A., & Schubert, T. (2016) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2305-15.2016 · Cited by 70
The role of working memory abilities in lecture note-taking
Bui, D. C., & Myerson, J. (2014) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2014.05.002 · Cited by 68
Self-citationThe role of strategy use in working memory training outcomes
Fellman, D., Jylkkä, J., Waris, O., Soveri, A., Ritakallio, L., Haga, S., Salmi, J., Nyman, T. J., & Laine, M. (2020) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2019.104064 · Cited by 64
Dong, Y., Liu, Y., & Cai, R. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00875 · Cited by 60
Divergent Research Methods Limit Understanding of Working Memory Training
Pergher, V., Shalchy, M. A., Pahor, A., Van Hulle, M. M., Jaeggi, S. M., & Seitz, A. R. (2020) · Journal of Cognitive Enhancement · doi:10.1007/s41465-019-00134-7 · Cited by 56
Working memory training improves visual short-term memory capacity
Schwarb, H., Nail, J., & Schumacher, E. H. (2016) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-015-0648-y · Cited by 55
Are Working Memory Training Effects Paradigm-Specific?
Holmes, J., Woolgar, F., Hampshire, A., & Gathercole, S. E. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01103 · Cited by 55
Yang, J., Peng, J., Zhang, D., Zheng, L., & Mo, L. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0186114 · Cited by 53
Nikolin, S., Lauf, S., Loo, C. K. A., & Martin, D. M. (2019) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2018.00064 · Cited by 51
Cognitive training as a component of treatment of alcohol use disorder: A review.
Nixon, S. J., & Lewis, B. (2019) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/neu0000575 · Cited by 50
Age-specific differences of dualn-back training
Salminen, T. M., Frensch, P. A., Strobach, T., & Schubert, T. (2015) · Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition · doi:10.1080/13825585.2015.1031723 · Cited by 54
Cuenen, A., Jongen, E. M. M., Brijs, T., Brijs, K., Houben, K., & Wets, G. (2016) · Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2016.06.012 · Cited by 45
Increased integrity of white matter pathways after dual n-back training
Salminen, T., Mårtensson, J., Schubert, T., & Kühn, S. (2016) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.03.028 · Cited by 43
Mor, N., & Daches, S. (2015) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702615578130 · Cited by 46
Linares, R., Borella, E., Lechuga, M. T., Carretti, B., & Pelegrina, S. (2019) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211321 · Cited by 38
Stojanoski, B. B., Lyons, K., Pearce, A., & Owen, A. M. (2018) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.07.013 · Cited by 41
Pahor, A., Seitz, A. R., & Jaeggi, S. M. (2022) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-022-01384-w · Cited by 40
Pattern of Near Transfer Effects Following Working Memory Training With a Dual N-Back Task
Soveri, A., Karlsson, E. P. A., Waris, O., Grönholm-Nyman, P., & Laine, M. (2017) · Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1027/1618-3169/a000370 · Cited by 34
Küper, K., & Karbach, J. (2016) · Journal of Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1080/20445911.2015.1118106 · Cited by 33
Hargreaves, A., Dillon, R., Anderson‐Schmidt, H., Corvin, A. P., Fitzmaurice, B., Castorina, M., Robertson, I. H., & Donohoe, G. J. (2015) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.09.004 · Cited by 37
Donohoe, G. J., Dillon, R., Hargreaves, A., Mothersill, O., Castorina, M., Furey, E., Fagan, A. J., Meaney, J. F., Fitzmaurice, B., Hallahan, B. P., et al. (2017) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291717001982 · Cited by 38
Effects of task repetition but no transfer of inhibitory control training in healthy adults
Talanow, T., & Ettinger, U. (2018) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2018.04.016 · Cited by 36
Cheng, C. P.-W., Chan, S. S. M., Mak, A. D. P., Chan, W. C., Cheng, S., Shi, L., Wang, D., & LAM, L. C. W. (2015) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0999-0 · Cited by 32
Brooks, S. J., Mackenzie-Phelan, R., Tully, J. L., & Schiöth, H. B. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.512761 · Cited by 32
What does It take to Show that a Cognitive Training Procedure is Useful?
Jacoby, N., & Ahissar, M. (2013) · Progress in Brain Research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63327-9.00004-7 · Cited by 30
Working Memory Training in Schizophrenia and Healthy Populations
Lawlor‐Savage, L., & Goghari, V. M. (2014) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs4030301 · Cited by 31
Transfer of working memory training to the inhibitory control of auditory distraction
Kattner, F. (2021) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-020-01468-0 · Cited by 29
Making Brains run Faster: are they Becoming Smarter?
Pahor, A., & Jaušovec, N. (2016) · The Spanish Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1017/sjp.2016.83 · Cited by 23
Stojanoski, B. B., Wild, C. J., Battista, M. E., Nichols, E. S., & Owen, A. M. (2020) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/xge0000773 · Cited by 24
Working Memory Training and Transfer: Theoretical and Practical Considerations
Jaeggi, S. M., & Buschkuehl, M. (2014) · Springer proceedings in mathematics & statistics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-07755-0_2 · Cited by 24
Dual n-back working memory training evinces superior transfer effects compared to the method of loci
Li, W., Zhang, Q., Qiao, H., Jin, D., Ngetich, R. K., Zhang, J., Jin, Z., & Li, L. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82663-w · Cited by 21
App‐based attention training: Incorporating older adults’ feedback to facilitate home‐based use
Hill, N. L., Mogle, J. A., Wion, R. K., Kitt-Lewis, E. A., Hannan, J., Dick, R., & Madrigal, C. B. (2017) · International Journal of Older People Nursing · doi:10.1111/opn.12163 · Cited by 21
On how natural and urban soundscapes alter brain activity during cognitive performance
Stobbe, E., Lorenz, R. C., & Kühn, S. (2023) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.102141 · Cited by 22
Chang, F., Li, H., Li, N., Zhang, S., Liu, C., Zhang, Q., & Cai, W. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.903756 · Cited by 19
Feasibility study of an attention training application for older adults
Hill, N. L., Mogle, J. A., Colancecco, E. M., Dick, R., Hannan, J., & Lin, F. V. (2015) · International Journal of Older People Nursing · doi:10.1111/opn.12092 · Cited by 20
My-AHA: Software Platform to Promote Active and Healthy Ageing
Madureira, P., Cardoso, N., Sousa, F., Moreira, W., Oliveira-Jr, A., Bazzani, M., & Gouverneur, P. (2020) · Information · doi:10.3390/info11090438 · Cited by 16
Training working memory updating in young adults
Linares, R., Borella, E., Lechuga, M. T., Carretti, B., & Pelegrina, S. (2017) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-017-0843-0 · Cited by 14
Li, X., Chu, M.-Y., Lv, Q.-Y., Hu, H.-X., Li, Z., Yi, Z.-H., Wang, J.-H., Zhang, J.-Y., Lui, S. S. Y., Cheung, E. F. C., et al. (2019) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546805.2019.1674644 · Cited by 12
Tzuriel, D., Weiss, T., & Kashy‐Rosenbaum, G. (2024) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjep.12709 · Cited by 15
Effects of various executive functions on adults’ and children’s walking.
Möhring, W., Klupp, S., Segerer, R. K., Schaefer, S., & Grob, A. (2020) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/xhp0000736 · Cited by 12
Byrne, E. M., Gilbert, R. A., Kievit, R., & Holmes, J. (2024) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2024.2393388 · Cited by 12
Jaquerod, M. E., Mesrobian, S. K., Villa, A. E. P., Bader, M., & Lintas, A. (2020) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci10010038 · Cited by 11
Working memory training does not improve executive functioning or fluid intelligence
Rodas, J. A., & Greene, C. M. (2021) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1177/17470218211039502 · Cited by 10
Zhu, D., Zhu, B., Zhao, J., Zhang, C., He, J., Song, D., & Han, T. (2024) · Games for Health Journal · doi:10.1089/g4h.2022.0183 · Cited by 9
Brain Training with Video Games in Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy
Bajaj, J. S., Ahluwalia, V., Thacker, L. R., Fagan, A., Gavis, E. A., Lennon, M., Heuman, D. M., Fuchs, M. A., & Wade, J. B. (2016) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2016.544 · Cited by 9
Studer-Luethi, B., & Meier, B. (2020) · Journal of Cognitive Enhancement · doi:10.1007/s41465-020-00202-3 · Cited by 10
Neugnot-Cerioli, M., Gagner, C., & Beauchamp, M. H. (2017) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2017.1284360 · Cited by 9
Training of Verbal Working Memory at Sentence Level Fails to Show Transfer
Fellman, D., Soveri, A., Waris, O., & Laine, M. (2017) · Frontiers in Communication · doi:10.3389/fcomm.2017.00014 · Cited by 8
Guo, Y., Zhang, Z., Yuan, W., Wang, C., Wu, F., & Liu, Z. (2020) · Journal of Advanced Transportation · doi:10.1155/2020/8894162 · Cited by 8
Stavroulaki, V., Giakoumaki, S. G., & Sidiropoulou, K. (2020) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2020.111415 · Cited by 10
Acute effect of alcohol on working memory updating
Cofresí, R. U., Watts, A. L., Martins, J. S., Wood, P. K., Sher, K. J., Cowan, N., Miyake, A., & Bartholow, B. D. (2021) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.15506 · Cited by 7
Feasibility of using a computer-assisted working memory training program for healthy older women
Ghavidel, F., Fadardi, J. S., Gatto, N. M., Sedaghat, F., & Tabibi, Z. (2020) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-020-00975-7 · Cited by 7
Pan, D., Daotuan, W. A. N. G., & Li, X. (2018) · Acta Psychologica Sinica · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1041.2018.01105 · Cited by 7
Do attention and memory explain the performance of software developers?
Piantadosi, V., Scalabrino, S., Serebrenik, A., Novielli, N., & Oliveto, R. (2023) · Empirical Software Engineering · doi:10.1007/s10664-023-10316-9 · Cited by 6
Mothersill, D., Dillon, R., Hargreaves, A., Castorina, M., Furey, E., Fagan, A. J., Meaney, J. F., Fitzmaurice, B., Hallahan, B. P., McDonald, C., et al. (2018) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.13976 · Cited by 6
Impact of Music on Working Memory in Rwanda
Giroux, S.-V., Caparos, S., Gosselin, N. H., Rutembesa, E., & Blanchette, I. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00774 · Cited by 6
Joëssel, F., Cunningham, E. G., & Green, C. S. (2025) · Journal of Cognitive Enhancement · doi:10.1007/s41465-025-00316-6 · Cited by 5
Age-related effects on online and offline learning in visuo-spatial working memory
Tagliabue, C. F., Varesio, G., Assecondi, S., Vescovi, M., & Mazza, V. (2022) · Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition · doi:10.1080/13825585.2022.2054926 · Cited by 5
Jung, M., Woo, J., Kim, S. J., Lim, Y. B., Kim, Y., Kang, D., Min, J., & Kim, B.-N. (2025) · JMIR Human Factors · doi:10.2196/70479 · Cited by 4
Tayeri, N., Habibi, M., & Zandian, P. (2016) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.17795/ijpbs-5009 · Cited by 4
Decker, S. L., & Luedke, J. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2021.637676 · Cited by 5
ERPs in Controls and ADHD Patients During Dual N-Back Task
Lintas, A., Mesrobian, S. K., Bader, M., & Villa, A. E. P. (2021) · Advances in cognitive neurodynamics · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-0317-4_20 · Cited by 4
Memory dual N-back training using mobile devices and its effect on working memory capacity
Dziura, N., & Ślebarska, K. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-05756-5 · Cited by 4
Impact of strategy use during N-Back training in older adults
Pergher, V., Vanbilsen, N., Tournoy, J., Schoenmakers, B., & Hulle, M. M. V. (2020) · Journal of Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1080/20445911.2020.1833891 · Cited by 4
Chia, K. H., & Meng Kiat, T. A. N. (2024) · The Asian Educational Therapist · doi:10.64663/aet.42 · Cited by 4
Prior Prognostic Expectations as a Potential Predictor in Neurofeedback Training
Damanskyy, Y., Olsen, A., & Hollup, S. (2021) · Journal of Cognitive Enhancement · doi:10.1007/s41465-021-00234-3 · Cited by 3
Peer-reviewed working memory training
Brooks, S. J., Funk, S. G., Rabier, C., & Schiöth, H. B. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815298-0.00018-6 · Cited by 3
Performance and Workload Trends: The Effects of Repeated Exposure to “High” Demand Tasks
Wheatley, C. L., Esplin, J., Loveless, S. M., Cooper, J. M., Biondi, F. N., & Strayer, D. L. (2018) · Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting · doi:10.1177/1541931218621002 · Cited by 3
Ari�s (2018) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20180517ra · Cited by 3
Retraining Dorsal Visual Pathways Improves Cognitive Skills After a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Lawton, T. B., Shelley-Tremblay, J. F., Lee, R. R., & Huang, M. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14072273 · Cited by 2
Yusron, I. R., & Kusrohmaniah, S. (2020) · Gadjah Mada Journal of Professional Psychology (GamaJPP) · doi:10.22146/gamajpp.54712 · Cited by 3
Leal, L. D. C., Sobral, A. I. G. D. P., Sobral, M. F. F., & Nogueira, R. M. T. B. L. (2022) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-022-06431-6 · Cited by 2
Li, J., Chen, X., Hua, L., Wang, Z., Zhao, Y., Wang, X., & Liu, W. (2025) · PsyCh Journal · doi:10.1002/pchj.70047 · Cited by 2
Mao, X., Huang, Q., Shi, J., Yu, Y., & Li, A.-M. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1697078 · Cited by 1
How does working memory training effect on memory performance in young people
Raushanova, A., Kuziyeva, G., Mamyrbekova, S. A., Rusanova, I., Zhussupova, A. I., Kulbayeva, M., Umbetyarova, L., & Kairat, B. K. (2021) · International Journal of Biology and Chemistry · doi:10.26577/ijbch.2021.v14.i1.07 · Cited by 1
On the cognitive and neuronal effects and mechanisms of working memory training
Salminen, T. (2016) · edoc Publication server (Humboldt University of Berlin) · doi:10.18452/17487 · Cited by 1
Working memory training does not improve executive functioning or fluid intelligencePreprint
Rodas, J. A., & Greene, C. M. (2020) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/8nh35 · Cited by 1
The asymmetry of working memory training transfer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Fu, J., Zhou, Y., Yuan, M., & Cai, Y. (2026) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-026-02994-5
Metadata
- Authors
- Lilienthal, L., Tamez, E., Shelton, J. T., Myerson, J., & Hale, S.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Lee University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lilienthal, Lindsey
- Venue
- Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
- Published
- 2012-11-27
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 135-141
- ISSN
- 1069-9384 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-5320
- OpenAlex
- W2151290103
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 10.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Psychonomic Bulletin & Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- working memory training, adaptive training, attentional focus, executive attention, updating, short-term memory, transfer of training, fluid intelligence, reading comprehension
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Humans, Memory, Short-Term, Practice, Psychological, Transfer, Psychology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
