Cited by 321Cancer Cells and MetastasisAngiogenesis and VEGF in CancerImmune cells in cancer

Role of the tumor microenvironment in tumor progression and the clinical applications (Review)

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YUAN, YAO, JIANG, YU-CHEN, SUN, CHONG-KUI, CHEN, QIAN-MING·2016·Oncology Reports

Abstract

Oncogene activation and tumor-suppressor gene inactivation are considered as the main causes driving the transformation of normal somatic cells into malignant tumor cells. Cancer cells are the driving force of tumor development and progression. Yet, cancer cells are unable to accomplish this alone. The tumor microenvironment is also considered to play an active role rather than simply acting as a by-stander in tumor progression. Through different pathways, tumor cells efficiently recruit stromal cells, which in turn, provide tumor cell growth signals, intermediate metabolites, and provide a suitable environment for tumor progression as well as metastasis. Through reciprocal communication, cancer cells and the microenvironment act in collusion leading to high proliferation and metastatic capability. Understanding the role of the tumor microenvironment in tumor progression provides us with novel approaches through which to target the tumor microenvironment for efficient anticancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms involved in the recruitment of stromal cells by tumor cells to the primary tumor site and highlight the role of the tumor microenvironment in the regulation of tumor progression. We further discuss the potential approaches for cancer therapy.

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Crossref · 10.3892/or.2016.4660

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Authors
YUAN, Y., JIANG, Y.-C., SUN, C.-K., & CHEN, Q.-M.
Affiliations
Sichuan University (CN)
Venue
Oncology Reports
Published
2016-03-07
Volume
35
Issue
5
Pages
2499-2515
ISSN
  • 1021-335X (ISSN-L)
  • 1791-2431
OpenAlex
W2294221646
Cited by
320
References
246
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 59 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 1
FWCI
1.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Oncology Reports (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
Keywords
tumor microenvironment, tumor progression, tumor-stroma interactions, metastasis, oncogene activation, tumor suppressor inactivation, tumor cell proliferation
MeSH terms
Animals, Cell Movement, Fibroblasts, Humans, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Neoplasms, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Stress, Physiological, Disease Progression, Tumor Microenvironment

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