Cited by 1,021Decision-Making and Behavioral EconomicsGambling Behavior and TreatmentsSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

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Delayed reward discounting and addictive behavior: a meta-analysis

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MacKillop, James, Amlung, Michael T., Few, Lauren R., Ray, Lara A., Sweet, Lawrence H., Munafò, Marcus R.·2011·Psychopharmacology

DOI 10.1007/s00213-011-2229-0PMC PMC3201846

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Abstract

Rationale Delayed reward discounting (DRD) is a behavioral economic index of impulsivity and numerous studies have examined DRD in relation to addictive behavior. To synthesize the findings across the literature, the current review is a meta-analysis of studies comparing DRD between criterion groups exhibiting addictive behavior and control groups.Objectives The meta-analysis sought to characterize the overall patterns of findings, systematic variability by sample and study type, and possible small study (publication) bias.Methods Literature reviews identified 310 candidate articles from which 46 studies reporting 64 comparisons were identified (total N=56,013).Results From the total comparisons identified, a small magnitude effect was evident (d= .15; p< .00001) with very high heterogeneity of effect size. Based on systematic observed differences, large studies assessing DRD with a small number of self-report items were removed and an analysis of 57 comparisons (n=3,329) using equivalent methods and exhibiting acceptable heterogeneity revealed a medium magnitude effect (d= .58; p< .00001). Further analyses revealed significantly larger effect sizes for studies using clinical samples (d= .61) compared with studies using nonclinical samples (d=.45). Indices of small study bias among the various comparisons suggested varying levels of influence by unpublished findings, ranging from minimal to moderate.Conclusions These results provide strong evidence of greater DRD in individuals exhibiting addictive behavior in general and particularly in individuals who meet criteria for an addictive disorder. Implications for the assessment of DRD and research priorities are discussed.

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Authors: MacKillop, J., Amlung, M. T., Few, L. R., Ray, L. A., Sweet, L. H., & Munafò, M. R.
Affiliations: University of Georgia (US)
University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Brown University (US)
Corresponding author: MacKillop, James
ORCID: MacKillop, James
Amlung, Michael T.
Ray, Lara A.
Sweet, Lawrence H.
Venue: Psychopharmacology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2011-03-04
Volume: 216
Issue: 3
Pages: 305-321
ISSN: 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
1432-2072
DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2229-0
PMC: PMC3201846
OpenAlex: W1996296330
Cited by: 1,021
References: 133
Citations by year: 2026: 59 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 65 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 85 · 2019: 91 · 2018: 87 · 2017: 89 · 2016: 80 · 2015: 72 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 25
FWCI: 4.81
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute for Health and Care Research
British Heart Foundation
Economic and Social Research Council (ES/G007489/1)
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA 016936, K23AA016936)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (P30DA027827)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords: delay discounting, addictive behavior, impulsivity, addiction, behavioral economics, impulsivity assessment, publication bias
MeSH terms: Alcohol Drinking, Decision Making, Humans, Models, Psychological, Reward, Behavior, Addictive, Substance-Related Disorders

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Delayed reward discounting and addictive behavior: a meta-analysis

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