The Influence of Portion Size and Timing of Meals on Weight Balance and Obesity
Abstract
This review focuses on the influence of portion size and temporal distribution of food intake on weight balance and obesity in adults. The inconsistency of definitions in the area of meal patterns is also discussed. The conclusion is that regular eating habits might facilitate weight balance, while unplanned snacking as well as consuming the major part of the energy intake at the end of the day seem to be unfavourable. Altogether, the research suggests that large portions promote over-consumption and, therefore, limiting portion size of energy dense foods and drinks with added sugar could be recommended. Even if more research is needed, these factors should be taken into consideration in recommendations for obesity prevention.
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Meal timing may have important effects on body weight, appetite and glucose and lipid metabolism.
“Current evidence indicates that meal timing may have important effects on body weight, appetite and glucose and lipid metabolism (7 -11) .”
From Effects of consuming later evening meal<i>v</i>. earlier evening meal on weight loss during a weight loss diet: a randomised clinical trial (2021) · cites this paper as [8]
A Swedish survey including 3610 men and women aged 25-74 years found an inverse association between meal frequency and overweight.
“Some studies have found an inverse association between meal frequency and overweight, for example a Swedish survey including 3610 men and women aged 25-74 years (63) .”
From Meal irregularity and cardiometabolic consequences: results from observational and intervention studies (2016) · cites this paper as [63]
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- Authors
- Berg, C., & Forslund, H. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Berg, Christina
- Venue
- Current Obesity Reports
- Published
- 2015-01-20
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 11-18
- ISSN
- 2162-4968 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1982598284
- Semantic Scholar
- 7ce5999f999507064dd64b3854750e625a6de29b
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 0.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Current Obesity Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- portion size, meal timing, meal patterns, weight balance, obesity, energy intake, snacking, dietary habits, energy-dense foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, obesity prevention
- MeSH terms
- Body Weight, Energy Intake, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Obesity, Snacks, Portion Size
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