Dynorphin, stress, and depression

Knoll, Allison T.; Carlezon, William A.

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.074

Cited by 465Neuropeptides and Animal PhysiologyStress Responses and CortisolNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

Dynorphin, stress, and depression

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Knoll, Allison T., Carlezon, William A.·2010·Brain Research

DOI 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.074PMC PMC2819644

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Abstract

Stress is most often associated with aversive states. It rapidly induces the release of hormones and neuropeptides including dynorphin, which activates kappa opioid receptors (KORs) in the central and peripheral nervous systems. In animal models, many aversive effects of stress are mimicked or exacerbated by stimulation of KORs in limbic brain regions. Although KOR signaling during acute stress may increase physical ability (by producing analgesia) and motivation to escape a threat (by producing aversion), prolonged KOR signaling in response to chronic or uncontrollable stress can lead to persistent expression of behavioral signs that are characteristic of human depressive disorders (i.e., "prodepressive-like" signs). Accumulating evidence suggests that KORs contribute to the progressive amplification (sensitization) of stress-induced behaviors that occurs with repeated exposure to stress. Many of the aversive effects of stress are blocked by KOR antagonists, suggesting that these agents may have potential as therapeutics for stress-related conditions such as depression and anxiety disorders. This review summarizes current data on how KOR systems contribute to the acute (rapid), delayed, and cumulative molecular and behavioral effects of stress. We focus on behavioral paradigms that provide insight on interactions between stress and KOR function within each of these temporal categories. Using a simplified model, we consider the time course and mechanism of KOR-mediated effects in stress and suggest future directions that may be useful in determining whether KOR antagonists exert their therapeutic effects by preventing the development of stress-induced behaviors, the expression of stress-induced behaviors, or both.

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Cell subtype enriched peptides such as dynorphin and enkephalin play a role in depression.
“Among the many neuropeptides found within the NAc, cell subtype enriched peptides such as dynorphin and enkephalin play a role in depression (71, 72).”
From Emerging Role for Nucleus Accumbens Medium Spiny Neuron Subtypes in Depression (2017) · cites this paper as [71]
Buprenorphine blocks the action of kappa agonists, and functional kappa antagonism has been proposed from animal models to function therapeutically as an antidepressant compound in humans.
“In addition, BUP has also been shown to block the action of k agonists [56] and a functional k antagonism has been proposed on the basis of the results derived by animal models to function therapeutically as an antidepressant compound in humans [24]”
From The Efficacy of Buprenorphine in Major Depression, Treatment-Resistant Depression and Suicidal Behavior: A Systematic Review (2018) · cites this paper as [24]

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Authors: Knoll, A. T., & Carlezon, W. A.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author: Carlezon, William A.
ORCID: Carlezon, William A.
Venue: Brain Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2010-02
Volume: 1314
Pages: 56-73
ISSN: 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.074
PMC: PMC2819644
OpenAlex: W2029584624
Cited by: 465
References: 227
Citations by year: 2026: 15 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 32
FWCI: 9.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Brain Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01mh063266-25)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH063266, R01-MH063266, F31MH078473, MH078473)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords: dynorphin, kappa opioid receptor, stress, depression, chronic stress, aversive behavior, stress sensitization, anxiety disorders, limbic system, analgesia, escape motivation
MeSH terms: Animals, Brain, Chronic Disease, Depressive Disorder, Disease Models, Animal, Dynorphins, Fear, Humans, Narcotic Antagonists, Stress, Psychological, Comorbidity, Receptors, Opioid, kappa

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