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Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: A coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies
Open accessAbstract
Given the recent surge in functional neuroimaging studies on social exclusion, the current study employed activation likelihood estimation (ALE) based meta-analyses to identify brain regions that have consistently been implicated across different experimental paradigms used to investigate exclusion. We also examined the neural correlates underlying Cyberball, the most commonly used paradigm to study exclusion, as well as differences in exclusion-related activation between developing (7-18 years of age, from pre-adolescence up to late adolescence) and emerging adult (broadly defined as undergraduates, including late adolescence and young adulthood) samples. Results revealed involvement of the bilateral medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices, right precuneus and left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex across the different paradigms used to examine social exclusion; similar activation patterns were identified when restricting the analysis to Cyberball studies. Investigations into age-related effects revealed that ventrolateral prefrontal activations identified in the full sample were driven by (i.e. present in) developmental samples, while medial prefrontal activations were driven by emerging adult samples. In addition, the right ventral striatum was implicated in exclusion, but only in developmental samples. Subtraction analysis revealed significantly greater activation likelihood in striatal and ventrolateral prefrontal clusters in the developmental samples as compared to emerging adults, though the opposite contrast failed to identify any significant regions. Findings integrate the knowledge accrued from functional neuroimaging studies on social exclusion to date, highlighting involvement of lateral prefrontal regions implicated in regulation and midline structures involved in social cognitive and self-evaluative processes across experimental paradigms and ages, as well as limbic structures in developing samples specifically.
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TL;DR
This coordinate-based ALE meta-analysis of 40 fMRI studies (1122 participants) found that social exclusion consistently engages medial prefrontal/posterior cingulate regions and left ventrolateral PFC/lateral OFC, with similar patterns in Cyberball-only studies. Developmental samples showed exclusion-related right ventral striatum and ventrolateral PFC activation, whereas emerging adult samples drove medial prefrontal/posterior cingulate findings.
Key findings
- Across all 40 social-exclusion studies (1122 participants), four convergence clusters emerged: a bilateral medial cluster including perigenual/subgenual ACC, ventromedial PFC, and medial OFC; left ventrolateral PFC/lateral OFC; left posterior cingulate; and right posterior cingulate extending into precuneus. Excluding two studies that combined healthy and clinical samples removed the posterior cingulate clusters and added a right dorsomedial PFC cluster.
- Cyberball-only analysis (29 studies, 857 participants) showed the same four clusters with slightly varying peaks/extents; the right posterior cingulate cluster was absent after excluding clinical-sample studies, and an additional right precentral gyrus cluster appeared. Dorsal ACC and anterior insula were not reliably identified across studies; they emerged only when the statistical threshold was lowered.
- Developmental samples (9 Cyberball studies, 248 participants; weighted mean age 13.5 years, range 7–18) showed right ventral striatum and left ventrolateral PFC/lateral OFC clusters. Emerging adult samples (17 studies, 516 participants; weighted mean age 22.9 years from 15 studies) showed a bilateral medial cluster (perigenual/subgenual ACC, ventromedial PFC, medial OFC) and left posterior cingulate. Subtraction analysis reported greater right ventral striatum likelihood in developmental vs emerging adults; the inverse contrast found no significant regions.
- Design analysis: traditional Cyberball studies (16 studies, 530 participants) resembled the full Cyberball sample, while alternating-design studies (9 studies, 222 participants) showed only a medial OFC/ventromedial PFC cluster; subtraction found no significant differences between designs.
Methods
- Studies were identified from PubMed and Medline plus reference lists; inclusion required empirical fMRI, healthy samples, group main effects for exclusion/rejection versus inclusion/acceptance, and whole-brain peak coordinates. The final set comprised 40 studies.
- Activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analyses were run in GingerALE v2.3.6 using random effects, MNI space, cluster-level corrected threshold p < 0.05, 5000 thresholding permutations, and an uncorrected p < 0.001. Sub-analyses included Social Exclusion (40 studies), Cyberball (29), Developmental (9) versus emerging adult (17), traditional (16) versus alternating (9) designs, and subtraction analyses.
- The paper notes that 8–10 studies minimum are required for valid ALE results, while 15 studies per group are recommended for GingerALE subtraction analyses.
Limitations
- Stated: developmental and alternating-design analyses included only the minimum number of studies necessary for valid ALE results, and subtraction analyses may lack power because 15 studies per group are recommended. The authors could not run separate analyses for non-Cyberball paradigms due to insufficient studies, could not investigate gender differences because only two reviewed studies did so, and note that many studies were excluded for failing to report main effects.
- Stated: the ventrolateral PFC difference between developmental and emerging adult studies was present only when including two studies that combined healthy and clinical samples, so further research is needed to corroborate these findings. Age was also dichotomized into under/over 18 years, and the authors could not infer similarities or differences between Cyberball and other social-exclusion paradigms.
- Evident from the text: coordinate-based ALE depends on reported peak coordinates and thresholding choices and cannot capture subthreshold effects; the authors recommend broader sharing of whole-brain statistical maps via Neurovault to enable more powerful image-based meta-analyses.
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Claims the paper makes
33 Own result · 31 Not checked yet · 15 Own method · 13 Own interpretation · 1 No basis given
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There was also activation within one left PFC cluster encompassing the ventrolateral PFC and lateral OFC”
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · plain
“There was also activation within a smaller cluster in the left lateral PFC, including the ventrolateral PFC and lateral OFC.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.1 Social exclusion analysis
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Meta-analysis of the 29 Cyberball studies that met inclusion criteria revealed the same four clusters of convergence (although with slightly varying peaks and extents) as the Social Exclusion analysis.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
“similar activation patterns were identified when restricting the analysis to Cyberball studies.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.2 Cyberball analysis
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the main brain regions that were reliably activated during conditions of social exclusion were located in one large medial bilateral cluster including the ACC (encompassing perigenual and subgenual portions) and extending into the ventromedial PFC and medial OFC.”
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · plain
“Our main findings from the overall analysis of all fMRI studies on social exclusion (meeting our inclusionary criteria) revealed activation of a large bilateral medial prefrontal cluster encompassing the perigenual and subgenual ACC, ventromedial PFC, and medial OFC.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.1 Social exclusion analysis
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“clusters were located in the right ventral striatum (VS), and left ventrolateral PFC extending into the lateral OFC in the developmental sample.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.3 Developmental analysis
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: The emerging adult sample's age range is between 18 and late-20s/early-30s.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, the right posterior cingulate cluster was no longer present when excluding the two studies with clinical samples.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.2 Cyberball analysis
plainn = 2- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When excluding the two studies that reported main effects for exclusion combined across clinical and healthy groups, the two posterior cingulate clusters were no longer present.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.1 Social exclusion analysis
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The meta-analysis of nine Cyberball studies using developmental samples identified two clusters of convergence”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.3 Developmental analysis
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: The emerging adult sample's age range is between 18 and late-20s/early-30s.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The ALE meta-analysis of all 40 studies on social exclusion revealed four clusters of convergence.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.1 Social exclusion analysis
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In addition, one cluster of convergence was present in the right precentral gyrus.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.2 Cyberball analysis
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, one additional novel cluster was evident in the right dorsomedial PFC.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.1 Social exclusion analysis
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The quote only partly states this claim. 2
- It may state two separate claims as one. 21
- Probably not a substantial claim. 18
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“one cluster in the left posterior cingulate”
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · plain
“activation was identified within the left posterior cingulate”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.1 Social exclusion analysis
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The quote only partly states this claim.
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The main brain regions that were reliably activated during conditions of exclusion relative to inclusion (or fair play) were located in the bilateral medial PFC, left ventrolateral PFC extending to lateral OFC, and bilateral posterior cingulate”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.2 Cyberball analysis
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“one in the right posterior cingulate extending into the precuneus”
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · plain
“right posterior cingulate cortex extending into the precuneus”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.1 Social exclusion analysis
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The quote only partly states this claim.
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the right ventral striatum was implicated in exclusion, but only in developmental samples.”
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · plain
“the VS was implicated when the developmental samples experienced exclusion in Cyberball studies.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > Abstract
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- The authors state this as an assumption: The emerging adult sample's age range is between 18 and late-20s/early-30s.
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · plain
In the paper
“our findings primarily lie within the subgenual portion, while their findings fall more rostrally (in what we consider to be primarily anterior rostral medial PFC).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Cacioppo et al., 2013 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Although both studies also identified activation within the ACC”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Cacioppo et al., 2013 source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“neither meta-analysis identified involvement of the dACC despite the sizeable focus on the region within the literature on social pain.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Cacioppo et al., 2013 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We also identified activation of the VS when children and younger adolescents experienced exclusion in the Cyberball paradigm, which was absent in emerging adults.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the current ALE meta-analysis of the neural correlates of social exclusion identified involvement of medial and lateral prefrontal cortices, as well as posterior cingulate cortices.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“many studies met our inclusion criteria except for failing to report main effects.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As such, it is possible that younger adolescents are engaging in these higher order social cognitive and emotion regulatory processes differentially than emerging adults.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- The authors state this as an assumption: The emerging adult sample's age range is between 18 and late-20s/early-30s.
In the paper
“This technique is a widely used and validated method for quantitatively analyzing voxel-wise neuroimaging foci (Kober and Wager, 2010).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 1. Introduction > 1.1 Aims/hypotheses
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Kober and Wager, 2010 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Engaging in such perspective taking is also aided by self-guided mental imagery, which has consistently been shown to involve the precuneus (Cavanna and Trimble, 2006).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Cavanna and Trimble, 2006 source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The subtraction analyses still failed to identify any differences, suggesting that the absence of differences between traditional and alternating designs cannot be attributed to noise introduced by collapsing across different analytic strategies.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.4 Design analysis
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We also acknowledge that only the ventrolateral PFC cluster was significantly different between developmental and emerging adult studies, and further, only when including two studies that incorporated both healthy and clinical samples.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Activation within the perigenual and subgenual ACC is thought to be an important marker of sensitivity to social stressors (including peer rejection), having been found to be more active in individuals with lower rejection sensitivity (Burklund et al., 2007) and also more responsive to negative stimuli in depressed populations (Chen et al., 2007).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Note: this version of the software has addressed a previous error in GingerALE that resulted in inferences on uncorrected cluster-level p values as opposed to FWE corrected clusters; Eickhoff et al., 2016”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 2. Method > 2.2 Statistical meta-analyses
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Eickhoff et al., 2016
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The precuneus and posterior cingulate cortices, dominant hubs of the default mode network, are thought to support mentalizing processes, facilitating an individual’s ability to comprehend or interpret other people’s thoughts, feelings and intentions (Beer and Hughes, 2010; Frith and Frith, 2003; Hyatt et al., 2015).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As opposed to testing for above-chance clustering of individual foci, the current version of GingerALE assesses above-chance clustering of activated foci between studies, thus enabling random-effects inference.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 2. Method > 2.2 Statistical meta-analyses
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Within the context of experiencing social exclusion or rejection, activation within these regions could potentially reflect social cognitive processes involved in understanding the mental states of the perpetrators (e.g., considering their motives for committing the rejection).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“structural neuroimaging suggests that medial and lateral prefrontal regions may exhibit different developmental trajectories and thus attain adult-levels of maturity at different ages (Mills et al., 2014; Shaw et al., 2008; Tamnes et al., 2010).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Masten and colleagues (2009) found that greater ACC activity was related to greater self-reported distress from exclusion during Cyberball, while greater ventrolateral PFC activation was related to less distress; this latter association (but not the former) was also supported by Kawamoto et al. (2012) and Bolling et al. (2012).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Given that only 10 studies meeting our inclusionary criteria used non-Cyberball paradigms, with only one or two studies using each specific task, we were unable to perform a separate analysis for each of these tasks.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 2. Method > 2.3 Sub-analyses
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“This number of studies is consistent with prior ALE analyses (Silverman et al., 2015; Wagner et al., 2014).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 2. Method > 2.3 Sub-analyses
What the sources say
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Given that overlapping samples can introduce bias from non-independence of observations, in each case we chose to include the initial study alone.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 2. Method > 2.1 Study selection
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In comparison, activation within the ventrolateral PFC/lateral OFC cluster is consistent with its hypothesized role in emotion regulation, thus potentially representing regulation of distress or negative affect following exclusion.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“research using multivariate pattern analyses suggests distinct neural representations of physical pain and social rejection in the dACC and anterior insula, which are not distinguishable using traditional task-based fMRI contrasts (Woo et al., 2014).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Woo et al., 2014 source
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Consistent with our findings, studies have also reported activation of VS during cognitive reappraisal of negative stimuli (McRae et al., 2008; Ochsner et al., 2002; 2004; van Reekum et al., 2007).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In addition, there is increased statistical power and sensitivity to identify effects when combining results across studies, as opposed to the findings of individual studies.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Cacioppo and colleagues only included 12 studies (nine of which overlapped with our sample)”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Cacioppo et al., 2013 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A major strength of this meta-analytic approach is that it weighs the contribution of each study based on sample size, thus minimizing sampling error.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“a recent meta-analysis that likewise found greater activity in VS during reward processing for children and adolescents (aged 8–19 years) than adults (Silverman et al., 2015).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Silverman et al., 2015 source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“our analysis was constrained to dichotomizing sub-analyses into samples under and over 18 years of age given the characteristics of current studies”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This may be particularly problematic for identifying clusters of convergence in the developmental samples relative to the emerging adult samples, as well as in the alternating design samples as compared to the traditional design samples.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This may act to increase noise in the BOLD response associated with the exclusion condition.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“and VS activity mediated the relationship between ventrolateral PFC activation and reappraisal success (i.e. less negative emotional experience).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Wager et al., 2008 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“sex differences have been identified in a range of social cognitive processes (Pavlova, 2016; Proverbio, 2017).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Pavlova, 2016
- Not checked yetcites Proverbio, 2017 source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“a meta-analysis focusing on the ACC found that self-reported distress was associated with the location of peak BOLD response within this region (Rotge et al., 2015).”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Rotge et al., 2015
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“highlighting differences that may arise from continued maturation of the brain during adolescence.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The authors state this as an assumption.
The emerging adult sample's age range is between 18 and late-20s/early-30s.
“However, we hypothesize the range as being between 18 and late-20s/early-30s.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Region-of-interest analyses are frequently conducted in the dACC without supplemental whole brain analyses.
“Moreover, region-of-interest analyses are frequently conducted in the dACC without supplemental whole brain analyses.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Such region-of-interest analyses sometimes use lowered statistical thresholds, which are biased toward confirmatory findings.
“At certain times, this occurs using lowered statistical thresholds, which are further biased towards confirmatory findings.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“more ventral regions of ACC were more reliably recruited across the meta-analyses, including (1) rostral perigenual ACC bordering on mPFC (Cacioppo et al., 2013), (2) perigenual and subgenual ACC (Vijayakumar et al., 2017), and (3) vACC (Rotge et al., 2015).”
From Feeling left out or just surprised? Neural correlates of social exclusion and overinclusion in adolescence (2020) · cites this paper as Vijayakumar et al., 2017
In the citing paper
“both of these studies suggest more reliable engagement of the ventromedial PFC and ventrolateral PFC/lateral OFC.”
From Feeling left out or just surprised? Neural correlates of social exclusion and overinclusion in adolescence (2020) · cites this paper as Vijayakumar et al., 2017
In the citing paper
“Of the two whole-brain meta-analyses, the AI was identified by one (Cacioppo et al., 2013), but not the other (Vijayakumar et al., 2017).”
From Feeling left out or just surprised? Neural correlates of social exclusion and overinclusion in adolescence (2020) · cites this paper as Vijayakumar et al., 2017
In the citing paper
“Cyberball (Williams, Cheung, & Choi, 2000) is a virtual ball-tossing game commonly used to simulate social exclusion in neuroimaging studies (for review and meta-analysis, see Vijayakumar, Cheng, & Pfeifer, 2017).”
From Feeling left out or just surprised? Neural correlates of social exclusion and overinclusion in adolescence (2020) · cites this paper as Vijayakumar, Cheng, & Pfeifer, 2017
In the citing paper
“a prior meta-analysis identifying this region as more reliably recruited in Cyberball for adolescents than adults (Vijayakumar et al., 2017)”
From Feeling left out or just surprised? Neural correlates of social exclusion and overinclusion in adolescence (2020) · cites this paper as Vijayakumar et al., 2017
In the citing paper
“Prior meta-analyses have consistently implicated the anterior PFC in social exclusion (Cacioppo et al., 2013; Vijayakumar et al., 2017), with recent work indicating that this region processes negative affect (Kragel et al., 2018).”
From Feeling left out or just surprised? Neural correlates of social exclusion and overinclusion in adolescence (2020) · cites this paper as Vijayakumar et al., 2017
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated major: it would touch a result — a value a result rests on, reported and recomputed p-values on opposite sides of the significance level, two passages that conflict with no sign which is right, or a cited work retracted before this paper was published.
In the paper
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.3 Developmental analysis
“Subsequent subtraction analysis of the developmental and emerging adult convergence maps revealed significantly greater activation likelihood in the right VS in developmental compared to adults. Exclusion of the two adult studies that incorporated clinical samples did not change this result.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
“We also acknowledge that only the ventrolateral PFC cluster was significantly different between developmental and emerging adult studies, and further, only when including two studies that incorporated both healthy and clinical samples.”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 3. Results > 3.1 Social exclusion analysis
“When excluding the two studies that reported main effects for exclusion combined across clinical and healthy groups, the two posterior cingulate clusters were no longer present.”
§ Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies > 4. Discussion
“Finally, activation was identified within the left posterior cingulate and right posterior cingulate cortex extending into the precuneus, although the latter cluster was not present when excluding two studies that incorporated clinical samples.”
Citations
Cites
The precuneus: a review of its functional anatomy and behavioural correlates
Cavanna, A. E., & Trimble, M. R. (2006) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl004 · Cited by 5,128 · cited 2×
“Engaging in such perspective taking is also aided by self-guided mental imagery, which has consistently been shown to involve the precuneus (Cavanna and Trimble, 2006).”
BackgroundDoes Rejection Hurt? An fMRI Study of Social Exclusion
Eisenberger, N. I., Lieberman, M. D., & Williams, K. D. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1089134 · Cited by 3,849
Rethinking feelings: an fMRI study of the cognitive regulation of emotion
Ochsner, K. N., Bunge, S. A., Gross, J. J., & Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2002) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/089892902760807212 · Cited by 2,520 · cited 2×
“Consistent with our findings, studies have also reported activation of VS during cognitive reappraisal of negative stimuli (McRae et al., 2008; Ochsner et al., 2002, 2004; van Reekum et al., 2007).”
ResultSteinberg, L., & Morris, A. S. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.83 · Cited by 2,517
Understanding adolescence as a period of social–affective engagement and goal flexibility
Crone, E. A., & Dahl, R. E. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3313 · Cited by 2,507 · cited 2×
“This includes changes in activation of subcortical regions to affective stimuli, cortical midline and temporo-parietal structures supporting social-cognitive processes, and lateral prefrontal cortices involved in inhibitory control (Crone and Dahl, 2012).”
BackgroundDevelopment and neurophysiology of mentalizing
Frith, U., & Frith, C. D. (2003) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2002.1218 · Cited by 2,306 · cited 2×
“The precuneus and posterior cingulate cortices, dominant hubs of the default mode network, are thought to support mentalizing processes, facilitating an individual's ability to comprehend or interpret other people's thoughts, feelings and intentions (Beer and Hughes, 2010; Frith and Frith, 2003; Hyatt et al., 2015).”
BackgroundCyberostracism: effects of being ignored over the Internet
Williams, K. D., Cheung, C. K. T., & Choi, W. (2000) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.5.748 · Cited by 2,276 · cited 1×
“Functional neuroimaging research on social exclusion in both adults and adolescents has most commonly employed the Cyberball paradigm (Williams et al., 2000; Williams and Jarvis, 2006), where participants are excluded from a ball-tossing game by virtual players with pre-programmed actions.”
BackgroundOchsner, K. N., Ray, R. D., Cooper, J. C., Robertson, E. R., Chopra, S., Gabrieli, J. D. E., & Gross, J. J. (2004) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.06.030 · Cited by 2,113 · cited 1×
“Consistent with our findings, studies have also reported activation of VS during cognitive reappraisal of negative stimuli (McRae et al., 2008; Ochsner et al., 2002, 2004; van Reekum et al., 2007).”
ResultDissociable Roles of Ventral and Dorsal Striatum in Instrumental Conditioning
O'Doherty, J., Dayan, P., Schultz, J., Deichmann, R., Friston, K., & Dolan, R. J. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1094285 · Cited by 2,088 · cited 1×
“Our results may therefore suggest that adolescent hyper-reactivity of VS is not limited to reward processing, and that this region may not be selective for the learning and prediction of rewarding outcomes (McClure et al., 2003; O'Doherty et al., 2004; 2003).”
BackgroundEickhoff, S. B., Laird, A. R., Grefkes, C., Wang, L. E., Zilles, K., & Fox, P. T. (2009) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20718 · Cited by 1,924 · cited 1×
“We specifically used activation likelihood estimation (ALE) implemented in the GingerALE software (Eickhoff et al., 2009) to compare activation patterns across individual studies and identify brain regions that have been consistently associated with social exclusion.”
MethodPrefrontal-Subcortical Pathways Mediating Successful Emotion Regulation
Wager, T. D., Davidson, M. L., Hughes, B. L., Lindquist, M. A., & Ochsner, K. N. (2008) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2008.09.006 · Cited by 1,761
Neurodevelopmental Trajectories of the Human Cerebral Cortex
Shaw, P., Kabani, N. J., Lerch, J. P., Eckstrand, K., Lenroot, R., Gogtay, N., Greenstein, D., Clasen, L., Evans, A., Rapoport, J. L., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5309-07.2008 · Cited by 1,644 · cited 2×
“While ventrolateral PFC and associated adaptive emotion regulatory capacities also show protracted development during this time (Crone and Ridderinkhof, 2011), structural neuroimaging suggests that medial and lateral prefrontal regions may exhibit different developmental trajectories and thus attain adult-levels of ma…”
BackgroundMeta-analysis of the functional neuroanatomy of single-word reading: method and validation
Turkeltaub, P. E., Eden, G. F., Jones, K. M., & Zeffiro, T. A. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2002.1131 · Cited by 1,604 · cited 2×
“3.6 was used to conduct the random effects ALE meta-analyses (Turkeltaub et al., 2002).”
MethodInfluentialTemporal difference models and reward-related learning in the human brain
O'Doherty, J. P., Dayan, P., Friston, K., Critchley, H., & Dolan, R. J. (2003) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00169-7 · Cited by 1,522 · cited 1×
“Our results may therefore suggest that adolescent hyper-reactivity of VS is not limited to reward processing, and that this region may not be selective for the learning and prediction of rewarding outcomes (McClure et al., 2003; O'Doherty et al., 2004; 2003).”
BackgroundBias between MNI and Talairach coordinates analyzed using the ICBM‐152 brain template
Lancaster, J. L., Tordesillas‐Gutiérrez, D., Martinez, M., Salinas, F., Evans, A., Zilles, K., Mazziotta, J. C., & Fox, P. T. (2007) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20345 · Cited by 1,464 · cited 6×
“GingerALE v2.”
MethodInfluentialActivation Likelihood Estimation meta-analysis revisited
Eickhoff, S., Bzdok, D., Laird, A., Kurth, F., & Fox, P. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.09.017 · Cited by 1,448 · cited 2×
“D Gaussians used to evaluate the probability of activity localization (Eickhoff et al., 2012).”
MethodZadro, L., Williams, K. D., & Richardson, R. (2004) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2003.11.006 · Cited by 1,138 · cited 2×
“…of this task lead participants to believe that virtual players are real individuals at other sites, though some researchers have not used deception given that feelings of distress are also reported when participants are aware that they are being excluded by computer players (Zadro et al., 2004).”
BackgroundCyberball: A program for use in research on interpersonal ostracism and acceptance
Williams, K. D., & Jarvis, B. (2006) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/bf03192765 · Cited by 1,088 · cited 1×
“Functional neuroimaging research on social exclusion in both adults and adolescents has most commonly employed the Cyberball paradigm (Williams et al., 2000; Williams and Jarvis, 2006), where participants are excluded from a ball-tossing game by virtual players with pre-programmed actions.”
BackgroundNELSON, E. E., LEIBENLUFT, E., McCLURE, E. B., & PINE, D. S. (2005) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291704003915 · Cited by 1,075 · cited 1×
“Moreover, these changes are accompanied by increased affective salience of social events (Steinberg and Morris, 2001), including greater sensitivity to rejection and acceptance by peers (Nelson et al., 2005).”
BackgroundEisenberger, N. I. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3231 · Cited by 1,016 · cited 1×
“It has also been argued that the neural correlates of social rejection may overlap with those of physical pain, including the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula (Eisenberger, 2012).”
BackgroundThe Teenage Brain: Sensitivity to Social Evaluation
Somerville, L. H. (2013) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721413476512 · Cited by 1,011 · cited 1×
“We also extend on prior work by identifying neural correlates of social exclusion that are specific to developmental samples given the heightened sensitivity to peer rejection during adolescence (Sebastian et al., 2010b; Somerville, 2013).”
Friendships and adaptation in the life course.
Hartup, W. W., & Stevens, N. (1997) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.121.3.355 · Cited by 976 · cited 1×
“With the onset of puberty, adolescents become more socially oriented than children, spending up to a third of their waking hours with peers (Hartup and Stevens, 1997).”
BackgroundTemporal Prediction Errors in a Passive Learning Task Activate Human Striatum
McClure, S. M., Berns, G. S., & Montague, P. R. (2003) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00154-5 · Cited by 917 · cited 1×
“Our results may therefore suggest that adolescent hyper-reactivity of VS is not limited to reward processing, and that this region may not be selective for the learning and prediction of rewarding outcomes (McClure et al., 2003; O'Doherty et al., 2004; 2003).”
BackgroundGender Differences in Emotion Regulation: An fMRI Study of Cognitive Reappraisal
McRae, K., Ochsner, K. N., Mauss, I. B., Gabrieli, J. J. D., & Gross, J. J. (2008) · Group Processes & Intergroup Relations · doi:10.1177/1368430207088035 · Cited by 910 · cited 1×
“Consistent with our findings, studies have also reported activation of VS during cognitive reappraisal of negative stimuli (McRae et al., 2008; Ochsner et al., 2002, 2004; van Reekum et al., 2007).”
ResultTamnes, C. K., Østby, Y., Fjell, A. M., Westlye, L. T., Due-Tønnessen, P., & Walhovd, K. B. (2010) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhp118 · Cited by 779 · cited 2×
“While ventrolateral PFC and associated adaptive emotion regulatory capacities also show protracted development during this time (Crone and Ridderinkhof, 2011), structural neuroimaging suggests that medial and lateral prefrontal regions may exhibit different developmental trajectories and thus attain adult-levels of ma…”
BackgroundConsequences of Bullying in Schools
Rigby, K. (2003) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370304800904 · Cited by 679 · cited 1×
“…of the effect of individual differences related to social sensitivity are another important area for future investigation, given that a meta-analysis focusing on the ACC found that self-reported distress was associated with the location of peak BOLD response within this region (Rotge et al., 2015).”
ResultPeer Power: Preadolescent Culture and Identity
Brayfield, A. A., Adler, P. A., & Adler, P. (1999) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2655303 · Cited by 668
Masten, C. L., Eisenberger, N. I., Borofsky, L. A., Pfeifer, J. H., McNealy, K., Mazziotta, J. C., & Dapretto, M. (2009) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsp007 · Cited by 529 · cited 1×
“…Kawamoto et al., 2012 22 (3) 20.7 (1.7), 18–24 Cyberball Events 12 Emerging adult Alternating (events) Lee et al., 2014 16 (9) 27.4 (6.9) Virtual handshake Event 3 Masten et al., 2009 23 (9) 13.0, 12.4–13.6 Cyberball Block 4 Developmental Traditional Masten et al., 2011a 17 (15) 13.6 (2.5)…”
InfluentialSelf-citationAn fMRI investigation of empathy for ‘social pain’ and subsequent prosocial behavior
Masten, C. L., Morelli, S. A., & Eisenberger, N. I. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.11.060 · Cited by 522
Social brain development and the affective consequences of ostracism in adolescence
Sebastian, C., Viding, E., Williams, K. D., & Blakemore, S.-J. (2010) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2009.06.008 · Cited by 497 · cited 5×
“We also extend on prior work by identifying neural correlates of social exclusion that are specific to developmental samples given the heightened sensitivity to peer rejection during adolescence (Sebastian et al., 2010b; Somerville, 2013).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialAnterior cingulate cortex responds differentially to expectancy violation and social rejection
Somerville, L. H., Heatherton, T. F., & Kelley, W. M. (2006) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1728 · Cited by 460 · cited 3×
“In both the Social Judgment and Chatroom tasks, participants are asked to evaluate unfamiliar peers based on photographs and subsequently receive feedback about whether these same individuals are interested in them (Guyer et al., 2008; Somerville et al., 2006).”
BackgroundMethodDevelopmental changes in the structure of the social brain in late childhood and adolescence
Mills, K. L., Lalonde, F., Clasen, L. S., Giedd, J. N., & Blakemore, S.-J. (2014) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss113 · Cited by 452 · cited 2×
“While ventrolateral PFC and associated adaptive emotion regulatory capacities also show protracted development during this time (Crone and Ridderinkhof, 2011), structural neuroimaging suggests that medial and lateral prefrontal regions may exhibit different developmental trajectories and thus attain adult-levels of ma…”
BackgroundBurnett, S., Sebastian, C., Cohen Kadosh, K., & Blakemore, S.-J. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.10.011 · Cited by 391 · cited 3×
“For example, mentalizing and self-evaluative processes, as well as their associated midline structures are thought to continue to mature throughout the adolescent period (Burnett et al., 2011; Pfeifer and Peake, 2012).”
BackgroundResultGuyer, A. E., Lau, J. Y. F., McClure-Tone, E. B., Parrish, J., Shiffrin, N. D., Reynolds, R. C., Chen, G., Blair, R. J. R., Leibenluft, E., Fox, N. A., et al. (2008) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.65.11.1303 · Cited by 371 · cited 1×
“In both the Social Judgment and Chatroom tasks, participants are asked to evaluate unfamiliar peers based on photographs and subsequently receive feedback about whether these same individuals are interested in them (Guyer et al., 2008; Somerville et al., 2006).”
BackgroundChen, C.-H., Ridler, K., Suckling, J., Williams, S., Fu, C. H. Y., Merlo-Pich, E., & Bullmore, E. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.09.018 · Cited by 354 · cited 2×
“…is thought to be an important marker of sensitivity to social stressors (including peer rejection), having been found to be more active in individuals with lower rejection sensitivity (Burklund et al., 2007) and also more responsive to negative stimuli in depressed populations (Chen et al., 2007).”
BackgroundA meta-analysis of the anterior cingulate contribution to social pain
Rotge, J.-Y., Lemogne, C., Hinfray, S., Huguet, P., Grynszpan, O., Tartour, E., George, N., & Fossati, P. (2015) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsu110 · Cited by 325 · cited 2×
“…of the effect of individual differences related to social sensitivity are another important area for future investigation, given that a meta-analysis focusing on the ACC found that self-reported distress was associated with the location of peak BOLD response within this region (Rotge et al., 2015).”
BackgroundSeparate neural representations for physical pain and social rejection
Woo, C.-W., Koban, L., Kross, E., Lindquist, M. A., Banich, M. T., Ruzic, L., Andrews-Hanna, J. R., & Wager, T. D. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms6380 · Cited by 310
Prinstein, M. J., & Aikins, J. W. (2004) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1023/b:jacp.0000019767.55592.63 · Cited by 303 · cited 1×
“The experience of social rejection is highly distressing, and has been related to negative affectivity and mental health problems, including depression and anxiety (Nolan et al., 2003; Prinstein and Aikins, 2004; Rigby, 2003).”
BackgroundPfeifer, J. H., Masten, C. L., Moore, W. E., Oswald, T. M., Mazziotta, J. C., Iacoboni, M., & Dapretto, M. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.02.019 · Cited by 294 · cited 1×
“…medial cluster of activation, ventromedial PFC and medial OFC activation likely reflects engagement in social cognitive processes, consistent with past research that has associated these regions with social and self-relevant evaluative processes (Burnett et al., 2011; Pfeifer et al., 2013, 2011).”
ResultSelf-citationA quantitative meta-analysis of functional imaging studies of social rejection
Cacioppo, S., Frum, C., Asp, E., Weiss, R. M., Lewis, J. W., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2013) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep02027 · Cited by 290 · cited 3×
“…of social exclusion provided some support for common brain activation patterns, minimal evidence was present for the role of the dorsal ACC; rather, a more rostral section of the ACC was implicated, along with the medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and anterior insula (Cacioppo et al., 2013).”
BackgroundResultPeer power: preadolescent culture and identity
(1998) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.36-0638 · Cited by 290
Silverman, M. H., Jedd, K., & Luciana, M. (2015) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.07.083 · Cited by 277 · cited 3×
“This number of studies is consistent with prior ALE analyses (Silverman et al., 2015; Wagner et al., 2014).”
MethodResultMeyer, M. L., Masten, C. L., Ma, Y., Wang, C., Shi, Z., Eisenberger, N. I., & Han, S. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss019 · Cited by 277 · cited 4×
“…studies have examined neural responses to rejection cues in the form of pictures and words related to social exclusion (Premkumar et al., 2012; Sebastian et al., 2010a), or used Cyberball to show others/peers being excluded (Beeney et al., 2011; Masten et al., 2013; 2011c; Meyer et al., 2013).”
MethodInfluentialvan Reekum, C. M., Johnstone, T., Urry, H. L., Thurow, M. E., Schaefer, H. S., Alexander, A. L., & Davidson, R. J. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.03.052 · Cited by 271 · cited 1×
“Consistent with our findings, studies have also reported activation of VS during cognitive reappraisal of negative stimuli (McRae et al., 2008; Ochsner et al., 2002, 2004; van Reekum et al., 2007).”
ResultImplementation errors in the GingerALE Software: Description and recommendations
Eickhoff, S. B., Laird, A. R., Fox, P. M., Lancaster, J. L., & Fox, P. T. (2016) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.23342 · Cited by 270 · cited 1×
“…of p < 0.05, 5000 thresholding permutations, and an uncorrected p-value of < 0.001 (Note: this version of the software has addressed a previous error in GingerALE that resulted in inferences on uncorrected cluster-level p values as opposed to FWE corrected clusters; Eickhoff et al., 2016).”
MethodInfluentialSebastian, C. L., Tan, G. C. Y., Roiser, J. P., Viding, E., Dumontheil, I., & Blakemore, S.-J. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.063 · Cited by 250 · cited 4×
“…not included in the Developmental analysis for the following reasons: two studies presented main effects across developing and emerging adult groups (Gunther Moor et al., 2012; Sebastian et al., 2011) and one study was comprised of older adults, with a mean age of 41 years (Gradin et al., 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-development: Integrating cognitive, socioemotional, and neuroimaging perspectives
Pfeifer, J. H., & Peake, S. J. (2011) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.07.012 · Cited by 246
Self-citationNeural circuitry underlying affective response to peer feedback in adolescence
Guyer, A. E., Choate, V. R., Pine, D. S., & Nelson, E. E. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsr043 · Cited by 236 · cited 1×
“…4: 21.7 (1.9), 19–25 Gunther Moor et al., 2012 53 (22) 1: 11.8(0.87), 10–12 Cyberball Events 9 Traditional (events) 2: 15.74(0.74), 14–16 3: 20.38(0.8), 19–21 Guyer et al., 2012 36 (20) 13.54 (2.5), 9–18 Chatroom Event 0 Gyurak et al., 2012 33 (12) 20.61 (1.77) Viewing paintings Block 4…”
InfluentialProspective relations between rejection and depression in young adolescents
Nolan, S. A., Flynn, C., & Garber, J. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.4.745 · Cited by 232 · cited 1×
“The experience of social rejection is highly distressing, and has been related to negative affectivity and mental health problems, including depression and anxiety (Nolan et al., 2003; Prinstein and Aikins, 2004; Rigby, 2003).”
BackgroundDo you like me? Neural correlates of social evaluation and developmental trajectories
Gunther Moor, B., van Leijenhorst, L., Rombouts, S. A. R. B., Crone, E. A., & Van der Molen, M. W. (2010) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470910903526155 · Cited by 231
Silk, J. S., Siegle, G. J., Lee, K. H., Nelson, E. E., Stroud, L. R., & Dahl, R. E. (2014) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nst175 · Cited by 231 · cited 2×
“Study N (M) Age Task Design N (foci) Developmental sub-analyses Design sub-analyses Beeney et al., 2011 20 (10) 24.6 (5.8), 18–35 Others-Cyberball Block 9 Bolling et al., 2011a 21 (15) 12.90 (2.59), 7–18 Cyberball Block 10 Developmental Alternating Bolling et al., 2011c 33 (11) 24.0 (3.81) Cyberball Block 12 Emerging…”
InfluentialSocial exclusion and punishment of excluders: Neural correlates and developmental trajectories
Gunther Moor, B., Güroğlu, B., Op de Macks, Z. A., Rombouts, S. A. R. B., Van der Molen, M. W., & Crone, E. A. (2012) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.07.028 · Cited by 207
Do neural responses to rejection depend on attachment style? An fMRI study
DeWall, C. N., Masten, C. L., Powell, C., Combs, D., Schurtz, D. R., & Eisenberger, N. I. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsq107 · Cited by 206 · cited 4×
“, 2009), attachment style (DeWall et al., 2012), and rejection sensitivity (Masten et al.”
BackgroundInfluentialWagner, S., Sebastian, A., Lieb, K., Tüscher, O., & Tadić, A. (2014) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-15-19 · Cited by 205 · cited 2×
“This number of studies is consistent with prior ALE analyses (Silverman et al., 2015; Wagner et al., 2014).”
BackgroundResultTime spent with friends in adolescence relates to less neural sensitivity to later peer rejection
Masten, C. L., Telzer, E. H., Fuligni, A. J., Lieberman, M. D., & Eisenberger, N. I. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsq098 · Cited by 199 · cited 3×
“…Traditional Masten et al., 2011d 18 (9) 21.4 (19–28) Cyberball Block 15 Emerging adult Traditional Masten et al., 2011c 16 (7) 19.88, 18–24 Others-Cyberball Block 5 Masten et al., 2012 21 (7) 17.77 (0.43) Cyberball Block 25 Developmental Meyer et al., 2013 16 (12) 21.69 (2.12) Others-Cyberball…”
InfluentialMasten, C. L., Eisenberger, N. I., Borofsky, L. A., McNealy, K., Pfeifer, J. H., & Dapretto, M. (2011) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579410000799 · Cited by 196 · cited 12×
“Three studies included in the Cyberball analysis were not included in the Developmental analysis for the following reasons: two studies presented main effects across developing and emerging adult groups (Gunther Moor et al., 2012; Sebastian et al., 2011) and one study was comprised of older adults, with a mean age of…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationWill, G.-J., van Lier, P. A. C., Crone, E. A., & Güroğlu, B. (2016) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-015-9983-0 · Cited by 169 · cited 3×
“…convenience samples aged approximately between 18 and 25 years, a number of studies have also focused specifically on developing (primarily adolescent) samples to examine developmental correlates of social exclusion (Bolling et al., 2011a; Falk et al., 2014; Puetz et al., 2014; Will et al., 2016).”
BackgroundInfluentialCerebral processing of social rejection in patients with borderline personality disorder
Domsalla, M., Koppe, G., Niedtfeld, I., Vollstädt‐Klein, S., Schmahl, C. G., Bohus, M., & Lis, S. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nst176 · Cited by 169 · cited 4×
“…31 (0) 22.2 (3.38) Cyberball Block 8 Emerging adult Traditional DeWall et al., 2012 25 (9) Undergraduate Cyberball Block 15 Emerging adult Traditional Domsalla et al., 2014 40 (0) 1: 28.7 (7.8) Cyberball Block 12 Emerging adult Alternating 2: 29.2 (7.5) Eisenberger et al., 2003 13 (4)…”
BackgroundInfluentialEffects of serotonin 2A/1A receptor stimulation on social exclusion processing
Preller, K. H., Pokorny, T., Hock, A., Kraehenmann, R., Stämpfli, P., Seifritz, E., Scheidegger, M., & Vollenweider, F. X. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1524187113 · Cited by 169
Burklund, L. J., Eisenberger, N. I., & Lieberman, M. D. (2007) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470910701391711 · Cited by 164 · cited 2×
“…is thought to be an important marker of sensitivity to social stressors (including peer rejection), having been found to be more active in individuals with lower rejection sensitivity (Burklund et al., 2007) and also more responsive to negative stimuli in depressed populations (Chen et al., 2007).”
BackgroundOnoda, K., Okamoto, Y., Nakashima, K., Nittono, H., Ura, M., & Yamawaki, S. (2009) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470910902955884 · Cited by 159 · cited 4×
“…samples, researchers have examined individual differences in neural responses to social exclusion, including the effect of social support (Nishiyama et al., 2015; Onoda et al., 2009), attachment style (DeWall et al., 2012), and rejection sensitivity (Masten et al., 2013), to name a few examples.”
BackgroundInfluentialAdolescent social cognitive and affective neuroscience: past, present, and future
Pfeifer, J. H., & Blakemore, S. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsr099 · Cited by 159
Self-citationDissociable brain mechanisms for processing social exclusion and rule violation
Bolling, D. Z., Pitskel, N. B., Deen, B., Crowley, M. J., McPartland, J. C., Mayes, L. C., & Pelphrey, K. A. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.049 · Cited by 148 · cited 6×
“…convenience samples aged approximately between 18 and 25 years, a number of studies have also focused specifically on developing (primarily adolescent) samples to examine developmental correlates of social exclusion (Bolling et al., 2011a; Falk et al., 2014; Puetz et al., 2014; Will et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAdolescent Friendship Networks: Continuity and Change Over the School Year.
Değirmencioğlu, S. M., Urberg, K. A., Tolson, J. M., & Richard, P. (1998) · Merrill-palmer Quarterly · Cited by 146
Secure attachment partners attenuate neural responses to social exclusion: An fMRI investigation
Karremans, J. C., Heslenfeld, D. J., van Dillen, L. F., & Lange, P. A. M. V. (2011) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.04.003 · Cited by 140 · cited 1×
“…14–16 3: 20.38(0.8), 19–21 Guyer et al., 2012 36 (20) 13.54 (2.5), 9–18 Chatroom Event 0 Gyurak et al., 2012 33 (12) 20.61 (1.77) Viewing paintings Block 4 Karremans et al., 2011 15 (5) 22 (19–33) Cyberball Block 13 Emerging adult Traditional Kawamoto et al., 2012 22 (3) 20.7 (1.7), 18–24…”
InfluentialGroschwitz, R. C., Plener, P. L., Groen, G., Bonenberger, M., & Abler, B. (2016) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.08.001 · Cited by 137 · cited 2×
“…has since been used to study neural responses to social exclusion in clinical populations, including individuals with autism (Bolling et al., 2011b; Masten et al., 2011a), depression (Groschwitz et al., 2016), alcohol dependence (Maurage et al., 2012), and schizophrenia (Gradin et al., 2012).”
BackgroundAn fMRI Investigation of Attributing Negative Social Treatment to Racial Discrimination
Masten, C. L., Telzer, E. H., & Eisenberger, N. I. (2010) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2010.21520 · Cited by 135 · cited 12×
“Three studies included in the Cyberball analysis were not included in the Developmental analysis for the following reasons: two studies presented main effects across developing and emerging adult groups (Gunther Moor et al., 2012; Sebastian et al., 2011) and one study was comprised of older adults, with a mean age of…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialNeural systems of social comparison and the “above-average” effect
Beer, J. S., & Hughes, B. L. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.10.075 · Cited by 131 · cited 2×
“are thought to support mentalizing processes, facilitating an individual’s ability to comprehend or interpret other people’s thoughts, feelings and intentions (Beer and Hughes, 2010; Frith and Frith, 2003; Hyatt et al., 2015).”
BackgroundThe developing brain: from theory to neuroimaging and back
Crone, E. A., & Richard Ridderinkhof, K. (2011) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2010.12.001 · Cited by 125 · cited 2×
“While ventrolateral PFC and associated adaptive emotion regulatory capacities also show protracted development during this time (Crone and Ridderinkhof, 2011), structural neuroimaging suggests that medial and lateral prefrontal regions may exhibit different developmental trajectories and thus…”
Pfeifer, J. H., Kahn, L. E., Merchant, J. S., Peake, S. J., Veroude, K., Masten, C. L., Lieberman, M. D., Mazziotta, J. C., & Dapretto, M. (2013) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4074-12.2013 · Cited by 125 · cited 2×
“Also falling within our medial cluster of activation, ventromedial PFC and medial OFC activation likely reflects engagement in social cognitive processes, consistent with past research that has associated these regions with social and self-relevant evaluative processes (Burnett et al., 2011; Pfeifer et al., 2013; 2011…”
ResultSelf-citationDevelopment of neural systems for processing social exclusion from childhood to adolescence
Bolling, D. Z., Pitskel, N. B., Deen, B., Crowley, M. J., Mayes, L. C., & Pelphrey, K. A. (2011) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2011.01087.x · Cited by 125 · cited 6×
“…convenience samples aged approximately between 18 and 25 years, a number of studies have also focused specifically on developing (primarily adolescent) samples to examine developmental correlates of social exclusion (Bolling et al., 2011a; Falk et al., 2014; Puetz et al., 2014; Will et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBeeney, J. E., Franklin, R. G., Levy, K. N., & Adams, R. B. (2011) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470919.2011.557245 · Cited by 119 · cited 3×
“…studies have examined neural responses to rejection cues in the form of pictures and words related to social exclusion (Premkumar et al., 2012; Sebastian et al., 2010a), or used Cyberball to show others/peers being excluded (Beeney et al., 2011; Masten et al., 2013; 2011c; Meyer et al., 2013).”
MethodInfluentialNeural responses to exclusion predict susceptibility to social influence.
Falk, E. B., Cascio, C. N., Brook O'Donnell, M., Carp, J., Tinney, F. J., Bingham, C. R., Shope, J. T., Ouimet, M. C., Pradhan, A. K., & Simons-Morton, B. G. (2014) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.12.035 · Cited by 115 · cited 4×
“…Cyberball Block 12 Emerging adult Alternating 2: 29.2 (7.5) Eisenberger et al., 2003 13 (4) Undergraduate Cyberball Block 4 Emerging adult Traditional Falk et al., 2014 36 (36) 16.8 (0.47), 16–17 Cyberball Block 6 Developmental Traditional Gonzalez et al., 2015 85 (40) 24.5 (1.35) Cyberball…”
BackgroundInfluentialSex differences in social cognition: the case of face processing
Proverbio, A. M. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.23817 · Cited by 110 · cited 1×
“This represents a valuable avenue for future investigation, particularly considering that sex differences have been identified in a range of social cognitive processes (Pavlova, 2016; Proverbio, 2017).”
Backgroundvan Harmelen, A., Hauber, K., Moor, B. G., Spinhoven, P., Boon, A. E., Crone, E. A., & Elzinga, B. M. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085107 · Cited by 106 · cited 2×
“…Sebastian et al., 2011 35 (0) 1: 15.44 (0.81, 14–17 Cyberball Block 12 Alternating 2: 28.70 (3.91), 24–39 Silk et al., 2014 48 (14) 15.48 (1.68), 11–17 Chatroom Event 0 Van Harmelen et al., 2014 46 (12) 1: 18.31 (1.23) Cyberball Events 8 Emerging adult Traditional (events) 2: 18.85 (1.90) Via et…”
BackgroundInfluentialDisrupted Regulation of Social Exclusion in Alcohol-Dependence: An fMRI Study
Maurage, P., Joassin, F., Philippot, P., Heeren, A., Vermeulen, N., Mahau, P., delperdange, C., Corneille, O., Luminet, O., & de Timary, P. (2012) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2012.54 · Cited by 105 · cited 2×
“, 2016), alcohol dependence (Maurage et al., 2012), and schizophrenia (Gradin et al.”
BackgroundNovembre, G., Zanon, M., & Silani, G. (2015) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsu038 · Cited by 92 · cited 3×
“…25 Developmental Meyer et al., 2013 16 (12) 21.69 (2.12) Others-Cyberball Block 7 Nishiyama et al., 2015 46 (17) 19.85 (no range) Cyberball Block 14 Emerging adult Novembre et al., 2015 23 (0) 22.4 (2.0), 20–28 Cyberball Block 13 Emerging adult Onoda et al., 2009 26 (11) 21.79 (1.3), 20–25…”
MethodInfluentialAn fMRI investigation of responses to peer rejection in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders
Masten, C. L., Colich, N. L., Rudie, J. D., Bookheimer, S. Y., Eisenberger, N. I., & Dapretto, M. (2011) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.01.004 · Cited by 91 · cited 12×
“Three studies included in the Cyberball analysis were not included in the Developmental analysis for the following reasons: two studies presented main effects across developing and emerging adult groups (Gunther Moor et al., 2012; Sebastian et al., 2011) and one study was comprised of older adults, with a mean age of…”
BackgroundInfluentialO-37 - Disrupted regulation of social exclusion in alcohol dependence: an fmri study
Maurage, P., Joassin, F., Pesenti, M., Philippot, P., Vermeulen, N., Corneille, O., Luminet, O., & de Timary, P. (2012) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0924-9338(12)74137-8 · Cited by 88
Kawamoto, T., Onoda, K., Nakashima, K., Nittono, H., Yamaguchi, S., & Ura, M. (2012) · Frontiers in Evolutionary Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnevo.2012.00011 · Cited by 85 · cited 4×
“The paradigm has also been modified to compare neural responses to differing forms of rejection (i.e. micro- vs. sustained rejection; Kawamoto et al., 2012), as well as differing perpetrators (i.e. gender: Bolling et al., 2012, and in- vs out-group members: Masten et al., 2011d).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialActing on social exclusion: neural correlates of punishment and forgiveness of excluders
Will, G., Crone, E. A., & Güroğlu, B. (2014) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsu045 · Cited by 85 · cited 1×
“…et al., 2014 46 (12) 1: 18.31 (1.23) Cyberball Events 8 Emerging adult Traditional (events) 2: 18.85 (1.90) Via et al., 2015 20 (0) 28.15 (8.62) Social Judgment Block 12 Will et al., 2015 28 (12) 20.7 (1.97) Cyberball Events 13 Emerging adult Traditional (events) Will et al., 2016 44 (26) 14.0…”
InfluentialBuelow, M. T., Okdie, B. M., Brunell, A. B., & Trost, Z. (2015) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.11.051 · Cited by 83 · cited 1×
“Indeed, social exclusion can affect psychological states for extended periods following the experience, including ratings of selfesteem and meaningful existence up to 30 minutes later (Buelow et al., 2015).”
BackgroundBolling, D. Z., Pitskel, N. B., Deen, B., Crowley, M. J., McPartland, J. C., Kaiser, M. D., Wyk, B. C. V., Wu, J., Mayes, L. C., & Pelphrey, K. A. (2011) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.02.002 · Cited by 78
Neural Response to Social Rejection in Children With Early Separation Experiences
Puetz, V. B., Kohn, N., Dahmen, B., Zvyagintsev, M., Schüppen, A., Schultz, R. T., Heim, C. C., Fink, G. R., Herpertz‐Dahlmann, B., & Konrad, K. (2014) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2014.09.004 · Cited by 74 · cited 3×
“…convenience samples aged approximately between 18 and 25 years, a number of studies have also focused specifically on developing (primarily adolescent) samples to examine developmental correlates of social exclusion (Bolling et al., 2011a; Falk et al., 2014; Puetz et al., 2014; Will et al., 2016).”
BackgroundInfluentialMeta-analysis of neuroimaging data
Kober, H., & Wager, T. D. (2010) · WIREs Cognitive Science · doi:10.1002/wcs.41 · Cited by 74 · cited 1×
“This technique is a widely used and validated method for quantitatively analyzing voxelwise neuroimaging foci (Kober and Wager, 2010).”
MethodSex and gender affect the social brain: Beyond simplicity
Pavlova, M. A. (2016) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.23871 · Cited by 70 · cited 1×
“This represents a valuable avenue for future investigation, particularly considering that sex differences have been identified in a range of social cognitive processes (Pavlova, 2016; Proverbio, 2017).”
BackgroundKawamoto, T., Nittono, H., & Ura, M. (2013) · Neuroscience Journal · doi:10.1155/2013/304674 · Cited by 68 · cited 1×
“This technique is a widely used and validated method for quantitatively analyzing voxelwise neuroimaging foci (Kober and Wager, 2010).”
MethodHyatt, C. J., Calhoun, V. D., Pearlson, G. D., & Assaf, M. (2015) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.22827 · Cited by 65 · cited 2×
“The precuneus and posterior cingulate cortices, dominant hubs of the default mode network, are thought to support mentalizing processes, facilitating an individual's ability to comprehend or interpret other people's thoughts, feelings and intentions (Beer and Hughes, 2010; Frith and Frith, 2003; Hyatt et al., 2015).”
BackgroundNeural processing of social rejection: The role of schizotypal personality traits
Premkumar, P., Ettinger, U., Inchley‐Mort, S., Sumich, A. L., Williams, S., Kuipers, E., & Kumari, V. (2011) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.21243 · Cited by 61 · cited 4×
“…(4.76) Cyberball Events 27 Emerging adult Traditional (events) Puetz et al., 2014 51 (25) 1: 10.6 (1.75) Cyberball Block 2 Developmental Traditional 2: 10.38 (1.7) Premkumar et al., 2012 26 (5) 1: 30 (10.58) Viewing IAPS pictures Block 9 2: 28.64 (6.07) Sebastian et al., 2010a 19 (0) 14 − 28…”
BackgroundInfluentialMasten, C. L., Eisenberger, N. I., Pfeifer, J. H., & Dapretto, M. (2013) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.12056 · Cited by 57 · cited 6×
“…samples, researchers have examined individual differences in neural responses to social exclusion, including the effect of social support (Nishiyama et al., 2015; Onoda et al., 2009), attachment style (DeWall et al., 2012), and rejection sensitivity (Masten et al., 2013), to name a few examples.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationAbnormal social reward responses in anorexia nervosa: an fMRI study
Via, E., Soriano-Mas, C., Sánchez, I., Forcano, L., Harrison, B. J., Davey, C. G., Pujol, J., Martínez-Zalacaín, I., Menchón, J. M., Fernández-Aranda, F., et al. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0133539 · Cited by 56 · cited 2×
“…2014 48 (14) 15.48 (1.68), 11–17 Chatroom Event 0 Van Harmelen et al., 2014 46 (12) 1: 18.31 (1.23) Cyberball Events 8 Emerging adult Traditional (events) 2: 18.85 (1.90) Via et al., 2015 20 (0) 28.15 (8.62) Social Judgment Block 12 Will et al., 2015 28 (12) 20.7 (1.97) Cyberball Events 13…”
InfluentialGyurak, A., Hooker, C. I., Miyakawa, A., Verosky, S. C., Luerssen, A., & Ayduk, Ö. N. (2011) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsr014 · Cited by 54 · cited 5×
“…10–12 Cyberball Events 9 Traditional (events) 2: 15.74(0.74), 14–16 3: 20.38(0.8), 19–21 Guyer et al., 2012 36 (20) 13.54 (2.5), 9–18 Chatroom Event 0 Gyurak et al., 2012 33 (12) 20.61 (1.77) Viewing paintings Block 4 Karremans et al., 2011 15 (5) 22 (19–33) Cyberball Block 13 Emerging…”
InfluentialEffects of age and MAOA genotype on the neural processing of social rejection
Sebastian, C. L., Roiser, J. P., Tan, G. C.-Y., Viding, E. M., Wood, N. W., & Blakemore, S. (2010) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/j.1601-183x.2010.00596.x · Cited by 52 · cited 5×
“We also extend on prior work by identifying neural correlates of social exclusion that are specific to developmental samples given the heightened sensitivity to peer rejection during adolescence (Sebastian et al., 2010b; Somerville, 2013).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialAn event-related examination of neural activity during social interactions
Themanson, J. R., Khatcherian, S. M., Ball, A. B., & Rosen, P. J. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss058 · Cited by 48 · cited 1×
“On the other hand, there are also concerns that the traditional design might result in fluctuating levels of reactivity over the course of a prolonged period of exclusion, as highlighted by findings from electrophysiological studies (Kawamoto et al., 2013; Themanson et al., 2013).”
BackgroundAdolescent neighborhood quality predicts adult dACC response to social exclusion
Gonzalez, M. Z., Beckes, L., Chango, J. M., Allen, J. P., & Coan, J. A. (2014) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsu137 · Cited by 42 · cited 2×
“Study N (M) Age Task Design N (foci) Developmental sub-analyses Design sub-analyses Beeney et al., 2011 20 (10) 24.6 (5.8), 18–35 Others-Cyberball Block 9 Bolling et al., 2011a 21 (15) 12.90 (2.59), 7–18 Cyberball Block 10 Developmental Alternating Bolling et al., 2011c 33 (11) 24.0 (3.81) Cyberball Block 12 Emerging…”
BackgroundInfluentialAbnormal Neural Responses to Social Exclusion in Schizophrenia
Gradin, V. B., Waiter, G. D., Kumar, P., Stickle, C., Milders, M. M., Matthews, K., Reid, I., Hall, J., & Steele, J. D. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042608 · Cited by 36 · cited 5×
“…16.8 (0.47), 16–17 Cyberball Block 6 Developmental Traditional Gonzalez et al., 2015 85 (40) 24.5 (1.35) Cyberball Block 6 Emerging adult Traditional Gradin et al., 2012 16 (7) 40.87 (11.72) Cyberball Block 3 Alternating Gunther Moor et al., 2010 57 (27) 1: 9.7 (0.9), 8–10 Social Judgment…”
BackgroundInfluentialCharacterization of polymer blends by low voltage scanning electron microscopy
Berry, V. K. (1988) · Scanning · doi:10.1002/sca.4950100105 · Cited by 35
Differential brain responses to social exclusion by one's own versus opposite-gender peers
Bolling, D. Z., Pelphrey, K. A., & Vander Wyk, B. C. (2012) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470919.2011.623181 · Cited by 32 · cited 4×
“The paradigm has also been modified to compare neural responses to differing forms of rejection (i.e. micro- vs. sustained rejection; Kawamoto et al., 2012), as well as differing perpetrators (i.e. gender: Bolling et al., 2012, and in- vs out-group members: Masten et al., 2011d).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialWudarczyk, O. A., Kohn, N., Bergs, R., Gur, R. E., Turetsky, B. I., Schneider, F. W., & Habel, U. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01475 · Cited by 29 · cited 5×
“Three studies included in the Cyberball analysis were not included in the Developmental analysis for the following reasons: two studies presented main effects across developing and emerging adult groups (Gunther Moor et al., 2012; Sebastian et al., 2011) and one study was comprised of older adults, with a mean age of…”
BackgroundInfluentialDisrupted regulation of social exclusion in alcohol-dependence: An FMRI study
Maurage, P., Joassin, F., Philippot, P., Heeren, A., Vermeulen, N., Mahau, P., delperdange, C., Corneille, O., Luminet, O., & de Timary, P. (2013) · Neurophysiologie Clinique · doi:10.1016/j.neucli.2012.11.023 · Cited by 29
fMRI Study of Social Anxiety during Social Ostracism with and without Emotional Support
Nishiyama, Y., Okamoto, Y., Kunisato, Y., Okada, G., Yoshimura, S., Kanai, Y., Yamamura, T., Yoshino, A., Jinnin, R., Takagaki, K., et al. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127426 · Cited by 28 · cited 5×
“Within non-clinical samples, researchers have examined individual differences in neural responses to social exclusion, including the effect of social support (Nishiyama et al., 2015; Onoda et al., 2009), attachment style (DeWall et al.”
BackgroundInfluentialBonenberger, M., Plener, P. L., Groschwitz, R. C., Grön, G., & Abler, B. (2015) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-015-4322-9 · Cited by 28 · cited 2×
“…(3.2), 7–18 Cyberball Block 12 Developmental Alternating Bolling et al., 2015b 20 (10) 12.61(2.5), 7–17 Cyberball Block 12 Developmental Alternating Bonenberger et al., 2015 31 (0) 22.2 (3.38) Cyberball Block 8 Emerging adult Traditional DeWall et al., 2012 25 (9) Undergraduate Cyberball Block…”
BackgroundInfluentialAberrant neural responses to social rejection in patients with schizophrenia
Lee, H., Ku, J. H., Kim, J., Jang, D. P., Yoon, K. J., Kim, S. I., & Kim, J. (2014) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470919.2014.907202 · Cited by 21 · cited 3×
“Similarly, another study employed a virtual task of others accepting or rejecting the participant's handshake (Lee et al., 2014).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialBolling, D. Z., Pelphrey, K. A., & Vander Wyk, B. C. (2016) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470919.2015.1117019 · Cited by 21 · cited 3×
“…(11) 24.0 (3.81) Cyberball Block 12 Emerging adult Alternating Bolling et al., 2012 20 (11) 24.99 (3.91) Cyberball Block 12 Emerging adult Alternating Bolling et al., 2015a 15 (9) 11.88 (3.2), 7–18 Cyberball Block 12 Developmental Alternating Bolling et al., 2015b 20 (10) 12.61(2.5), 7–17…”
BackgroundInfluentialBolling, D. Z., Pelphrey, K. A., & Wyk, B. C. V. (2015) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2015.04.007 · Cited by 12
On the analysis of accident trends
Homburger, W. S. (1969) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/0001-4575(69)90007-4 · Cited by 1
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Media use and brain development during adolescence
Crone, E. A., & Konijn, E. A. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03126-x · Cited by 464
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Metadata
- Authors
- Vijayakumar, N., Cheng, T. W., & Pfeifer, J. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Oregon (US)
- Corresponding author
- Vijayakumar, Nandita
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 153
- Pages
- 359-368
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5457721
- OpenAlex
- W2591527129
- Cited by
- 161
- References
- 107
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 2.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH107418)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (P50DA035763)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- social exclusion, neural correlates, Cyberball paradigm, age differences, developmental neuroscience, emerging adulthood, adolescence, medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, ventral striatum, self-assessment, social cognition, brain activation
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Child, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Psychological Distance, Young Adult
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