Prevalence, correlates, and course of minor depression and major depression in the National Comorbidity Survey
Abstract
Data from the National Comorbidity Survey are used to study the lifetime prevalences, correlates, course and impairments associated with minor depression (mD), major depression 5-6 symptoms (MD 5-6), and major depression with seven or more symptoms (MD 7-9) in an effort to determine whether mD is on a continuum with MD. There is a monotonic increase in average number of episodes, average length of longest episode, impairment, comorbidity, and parental history of psychiatric disorders as we go from mD to Md 5-6 to MD 7-9. In most of these cases, though, the differences between mD and MD 5-6 are no longer than the differences between MD 5-6 and MD 7-9, arguing for continuity between mD and MD. Coupled with the finding from earlier studies that subclinical depression is a significant risk factor for major depression, these results argue that minor depression is a variant of depressive disorder that should be considered seriously both as a target for preventive intervention and for treatment. The paper closes with suggestions regarding the analysis of mD subtypes in future longitudinal studies.
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The majority of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have more than one major depressive episode.
“The majority of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have more than one major depressive episode, and at least 50% of patients who experience one episode are likely to experience another”
From Relapse prevention with levomilnacipran ER in adults with major depressive disorder: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (2019) · cites this paper as Kessler, Zhao, Blazer, & Swartz, 1997
At least 50% of patients who experience one major depressive episode are likely to experience another.
“The majority of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have more than one major depressive episode, and at least 50% of patients who experience one episode are likely to experience another”
From Relapse prevention with levomilnacipran ER in adults with major depressive disorder: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (2019) · cites this paper as Kessler, Zhao, Blazer, & Swartz, 1997
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- Authors
- Kessler, R. C., Zhao, S., Blazer, D. G., & Swartz, M.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kessler, Ronald C
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-08
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 19-30
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2002741313
- Cited by
- 790
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 62 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 47
- FWCI
- 23.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (2k05mh000507-13)
- National Institute of Mental Health (K05 MH 00507, R01MH046376, R01 MH46376, R01-MH49098, R01MH049098)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- minor depression, major depressive disorder, subthreshold depression, depression prevalence, course of depression, depressive episodes, functional disability, psychiatric comorbidity, depression subtypes, National Comorbidity Survey
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Chronic Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Family Health, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sampling Studies, Severity of Illness Index, United States, Comorbidity, Cohort Effect, Prevalence, Confidence Intervals, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Survival Analysis, Databases, Factual, Child of Impaired Parents, Cost of Illness, Age of Onset, Substance-Related Disorders
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