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Visual Scanning of Faces in Autism
Abstract
The visual scanpaths of five high-functioning adult autistic males and five adult male controls were recorded using an infrared corneal reflection technique as they viewed photographs of human faces. Analyses of the scanpath data revealed marked differences in the scanpaths of the two groups. The autistic participants viewed nonfeature areas of the faces significantly more often and core feature areas of the faces (i.e., eyes, nose, and mouth) significantly less often than did control participants. Across both groups of participants, scanpaths generally did not differ as a function of the instructions given to the participants (i.e., "Please look at the faces in any manner you wish." vs. "Please identify the emotions portrayed in these faces."). Autistic participants showed a deficit in emotion recognition, but this effect was driven primarily by deficits in the recognition of fear. Collectively, these results indicate disorganized processing of face stimuli in autistic individuals and suggest a mechanism that may subserve the social information processing deficits that characterize autism spectrum disorders.
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Static-face eye-tracking studies usually reported reduced looking at the eyes, while mouth looking was more variable.
“Typically, results indicated less fixation time on the eyes region of the face 10-13, with more variation in fixation on the mouth region; some studies found increased fixation on the mouth region of the face 12 whereas others found no differences in this regard 10,11.”
From Parsing Heterogeneity in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Visual Scanning of Dynamic Social Scenes in School-Aged Children (2012) · cites this paper as [10]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Pelphrey, K. A., Sasson, N. J., Reznick, J. S., Paul, G., Goldman, B. D., & Piven, J.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pelphrey, Kevin A.
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2002-08
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 249-261
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- OpenAlex
- W2097833812
- Cited by
- 1,187
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 69 · 2018: 67 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 65 · 2015: 72 · 2014: 80 · 2013: 71 · 2012: 80
- FWCI
- 6.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-19111, MH01568, T32MH019111, K02MH001568)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (#HD03110, P30HD003110)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, face processing, visual scanpath, eye movements, face perception, emotion recognition, fear recognition, high-functioning adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Autistic Disorder, Eye Movements, Face, Facial Expression, Humans, Male, Social Perception, Visual Perception
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