Parent Reports of Sensory Symptoms in Toddlers with Autism and Those with Other Developmental Disorders
Abstract
The Short Sensory Profile was used to assess parental report of sensory reactivity across four groups of young children (n = 102). Groups were autism (n = 26), fragile X syndrome (n = 20), developmental disabilities of mixed etiology (n = 32), and typically developing children (n = 24). Groups were comparable on overall mental age (x = 22 months), and clinical groups were comparable on chronological age (x = 31 months). Significant differences were detected at alpha <.01 for tactile sensitivity [F(3,99) = 10.01], taste/smell sensitivity [F(3,99) = 11.63], underreactive/seeks stimulation [F(3,99) = 4.56], auditory filtering [F(3,99) = 19.67], and low energy/weak muscles [F(3,99) = 14.21]. Both children with fragile X syndrome and children with autism had significantly more sensory symptoms overall than the two comparison groups, and children with autism did not differ significantly from children with fragile X syndrome. Both groups were more impaired than developmentally delayed and typically developing children in tactile sensitivity and auditory filtering. Children with autism were more abnormal in responses to taste and smell than all other groups. Children with fragile X syndrome were more abnormal than all other groups in low energy/weak muscles. Sensory reactivity of children with developmental delays was comparable to mental age-matched typically developing toddlers. Correlational analyses indicated that neither overall developmental level nor IQ was related to abnormal sensory reactivity in children with autism or general developmental disorders. However, abnormal sensory reactivity had a significant relationship with overall adaptive behavior.
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Among toddlers with autism, sensory scores predicted adaptive behavior scores even after accounting for autism symptom severity.
“In toddlers with autism, sensory scores significantly predicted adaptive behavior scores, over and above the severity of autism symptoms [2].”
From Sensory processing in preterm preschoolers and its association with executive function (2015) · cites this paper as [2]
Several other clinical populations show links between atypical sensory processing and executive or adaptive function impairment.
“Associations between atypical sensory processing and impairment in either executive function or adaptive function have been found in several other clinical populations [2, 5, 24, 25].”
From Sensory processing in preterm preschoolers and its association with executive function (2015) · cites this paper as [2]
The results conflict with other studies showing associations between sensory processing and adaptive function in children with Williams syndrome and autism.
“These results conflict with other studies that have shown associations between sensory processing and adaptive function in children with Williams syndrome [5] and autism [2].”
From Sensory processing in preterm preschoolers and its association with executive function (2015) · cites this paper as [2]
Structured questionnaires consistently identify processing challenges in multiple sensory domains in ASD.
“structured questionnaires invariably identify the presence of processing challenges in a number of sensory domains (Baranek et al., 2006; Rogers et al., 2003; Watling et al., 2001)”
From Behavioral, Perceptual, and Neural Alterations in Sensory and Multisensory Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Rogers et al., 2003
Abnormalities in tactile responsiveness are among the most frequently reported sensory-processing challenges by parents of children with ASD.
“abnormalities in tactile responsiveness are one of the most frequently reported sensory-processing challenges reported by parents of children with ASD (Rogers et al., 2003; Tomchek and Dunn, 2007)”
From Behavioral, Perceptual, and Neural Alterations in Sensory and Multisensory Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Rogers et al., 2003
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- Authors
- Rogers, S. J., Hepburn, S., & Wehner, E.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- University of Colorado Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rogers, Sally J.
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2003-12
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 631-642
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- OpenAlex
- W2020352503
- Cited by
- 609
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 45
- FWCI
- 5.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Fragile X Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R21 DC05574, R21DC005574)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P01HD035468, P01 HD35468)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Keywords
- sensory reactivity, autism spectrum disorder, fragile X syndrome, developmental disabilities, toddlers, tactile sensitivity, auditory filtering, adaptive behavior, Short Sensory Profile, parent report
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Analysis of Variance, Autistic Disorder, Child, Preschool, Female, Fragile X Syndrome, Humans, Infant, Intelligence, Male, Parents, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sensation Disorders, Reproducibility of Results
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