Cited by 1,685Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPersonality Traits and PsychologyPersonality Disorders and Psychopathology

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Temperament, personality, and the mood and anxiety disorders.

Clark, Lee Anna, Watson, David, Mineka, Susan·1994·Journal of Abnormal Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0021-843x.103.1.103

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Abstract

Literature on temperament, personality, and mood and anxiety disorders is reviewed. The review is organized primarily around L. A. Clark and D. Watson's (1991b) tripartite model for these disorders, but other influential approaches are also examined. Negative affectivity (or neuroticism) appears to be a vulnerability factor for the development of anxiety and depression, indicates poor prognosis, and is itself affected by the experience of disorder. Positive affectivity (or extraversion) is related more specifically to depression, may be a risk factor for its development, suggests poor prognosis, and also may be affected by the experience of disorder. Other personality dimensions (e.g., anxiety sensitivity, attributional style, sociotropy or dependence, autonomy or self-criticism, and constraint) may constitute specific vulnerability factors for particular disorders. More longitudinal and measurement-based research that jointly examines anxiety and depression is needed.

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Authors: Clark, L. A., Watson, D., & Mineka, S.
Affiliations: University of Iowa (US)
Southern Methodist University (US)
ORCID: Clark, Lee Anna
Watson, David
Venue: Journal of Abnormal Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1994-02
Volume: 103
Issue: 1
Pages: 103-116
ISSN: 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
1939-1846
DOI: 10.1037/0021-843x.103.1.103
OpenAlex: W2072794732
Cited by: 1,685
References: 104
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 64 · 2016: 75 · 2015: 71 · 2014: 75 · 2013: 74 · 2012: 88
FWCI: 36.75
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Keywords: temperament, personality, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, depression, negative affectivity, neuroticism, positive affectivity, extraversion, vulnerability factors, prognosis, anxiety sensitivity, attributional style, sociotropy, dependency, autonomy, self-criticism, constraints
MeSH terms: Anxiety Disorders, Arousal, Autonomic Nervous System, Depressive Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Personality, Personality Inventory, Phobic Disorders, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Temperament

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