Cited by 1,255Personality Traits and PsychologyEmotions and Moral BehaviorPersonality Disorders and Psychopathology

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Narcissistic admiration and rivalry: Disentangling the bright and dark sides of narcissism.

Back, Mitja D., Küfner, Albrecht C. P., Dufner, Michael, Gerlach, Tanja M., Rauthmann, John F., Denissen, Jaap J. A.·2013·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

DOI 10.1037/a0034431

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Abstract

We present a process model that distinguishes 2 dimensions of narcissism: admiration and rivalry. We propose that narcissists' overarching goal of maintaining a grandiose self is pursued by 2 separate pathways, characterized by distinct cognitive, affective-motivational, and behavioral processes. In a set of 7 studies, we validated this 2-dimensional model using the newly developed Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire (NARQ). We showed that narcissistic admiration and rivalry are positively correlated dimensions, yet they have markedly different nomological networks and distinct intra- and interpersonal consequences. The NARQ showed the hypothesized 2-dimensional multifaceted structure as well as very good internal consistencies (Study 1, N = 953), stabilities (Study 2, N = 93), and self-other agreements (Study 3, N = 96). Narcissistic admiration and rivalry showed unique relations to the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), the Big Five, self-esteem, pathological narcissism, and other narcissism-related traits like Machiavellianism, psychopathy, self-enhancement, and impulsivity (Study 4, Ns = 510-1,814). Despite the positive relation between admiration and rivalry, the 2 differentially predicted general interpersonal orientations and reactions to transgressions in friendships and romantic relationships (Study 5, N = 1,085), interpersonal perceptions during group interactions (Study 6, N = 202), and observed behaviors in experimental observations (Study 7, N = 96). For all studies, the NARQ outperformed the standard measure of narcissism, the NPI, in predicting outcome measures. Results underscore the utility of a 2-dimensional conceptualization and measurement of narcissism.

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The Narcissism Spectrum Model: A Synthetic View of Narcissistic Personality
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See all 1,255

Authors: Back, M. D., Küfner, A. C. P., Dufner, M., Gerlach, T. M., Rauthmann, J. F., & Denissen, J. J. A.
Affiliations: University of Münster (DE)
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
University of Göttingen (DE)
Tilburg University (NL)
ORCID: Back, Mitja D.
Dufner, Michael
Gerlach, Tanja M.
Rauthmann, John F.
Denissen, Jaap J. A.
Venue: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2013-12
Volume: 105
Issue: 6
Pages: 1013-1037
ISSN: 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
1939-1315
DOI: 10.1037/a0034431
OpenAlex: W2142916040
Cited by: 1,255
References: 166
Citations by year: 2026: 152 · 2025: 135 · 2024: 136 · 2023: 147 · 2022: 132 · 2021: 152 · 2020: 93 · 2019: 100 · 2018: 83 · 2017: 49 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 28.15
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
Research portal (Tilburg University) (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion)
Funders: German Research Foundation (BA 3731/2-1, BA 3731/6-1)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Keywords: narcissism, narcissistic admiration, narcissistic rivalry, grandiose self, pathological narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, self-enhancement, interpersonal behavior, romantic relationships, friendship, group interaction, self-esteem
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Conflict, Psychological, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Middle Aged, Narcissism, Self Concept, Social Behavior, Young Adult

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Narcissistic admiration and rivalry: Disentangling the bright and dark sides of narcissism.

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