Complex working memory span tasks and higher-order cognition: a latent-variable analysis of the relationship between processing and storage.
Abstract
Complex span tasks, assumed by many to measure an individual's working memory capacity, are predictive of several aspects of higher-order cognition. However, the underlying cause of the relationships between "processing-and-storage" tasks and cognitive abilities is still hotly debated nearly 30 years after the tasks were first introduced. The current study utilised latent constructs across verbal, numerical, and spatial content domains to examine a number of questions regarding the predictive power of complex span tasks. In particular, the relations among processing time, processing accuracy, and storage accuracy from the complex span tasks were examined, in combination with their respective relationships with fluid intelligence. The results point to a complicated pattern of unique and shared variance among the constructs. Implications for various theories of working memory are discussed.
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Faster speed processing has been proposed to reduce the possibility of items being forgotten, and less time for rehearsing or refreshing processes.
“Similarly, faster speed processing has been proposed to reduce the possibility of items being forgotten, and less time for rehearsing or refreshing processes (Towse et al., 2000; Hudjetz and Oberauer, 2007; Unsworth et al., 2009).”
From Training on Working Memory and Inhibitory Control in Young Adults (2016) · cites this paper as Unsworth et al., 2009
Unsworth et al. (2009) reported a negative correlation between processing speed and WM maintenance.
“Unsworth et al. (2009) reported a negative correlation between processing speed and WM maintenance”
From Training on Working Memory and Inhibitory Control in Young Adults (2016) · cites this paper as Unsworth et al., 2009
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- Authors
- Unsworth, N., Redick, T. S., Heitz, R. P., Broadway, J. M., & Engle, R. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Georgia
- Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Venue
- Memory
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2009-07-06
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 635-654
- ISSN
- 0965-8211 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-0686
- OpenAlex
- W2165331425
- Cited by
- 479
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 2.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Memory (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills
- Keywords
- complex span task, working memory capacity, higher-order cognition, fluid intelligence, processing time, processing accuracy, verbal span, spatial span, latent constructs
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Cognition, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Neuropsychological Tests, Reaction Time, Task Performance and Analysis, Young Adult
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