Oxytocin facilitates accurate perception of competition in men and kinship in women
Open accessAbstract
Despite the dominant role of the hormone oxytocin (OT) in social behavior, little is known about the role of OT in the perception of social relationships. Furthermore, it is unclear whether there are sex differences in the way that OT affects social perception. Here, we employed a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design to investigate the effect of OT on accurate social perception. Following treatment, 62 participants completed the Interpersonal Perception Task, a method of assessing the accuracy of social judgments that requires identification of the relationship between people interacting in real life video clips divided into three categories: kinship, intimacy and competition. The findings suggest that OT had a general effect on improving accurate perception of social interactions. Furthermore, we show that OT also involves sex-specific characteristics. An interaction between treatment, task category and sex indicated that OT had a selective effect on improving kinship recognition in women, but not in men, whereas men's performance was improved following OT only for competition recognition. It is concluded that the gender-specific findings reported here may point to some biosocial differences in the effect of OT which may be expressed in women's tendency for communal and familial social behavior as opposed to men's tendency for competitive social behavior.
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Behavioral studies report that oxytocin facilitates positive social judgments, social approach, kinship recognition, and altruism in women, but negative social judgments, social avoidance, competitor recognition, and selfishness in men.
“In particular, behavioral studies have reported that whereas OXT tends to facilitate positive social judgments (7), social approach (8), kinship recognition (5), and altruism (9) in women, in men it can facilitate negative social judgments (7), social avoidance (10), competitor recognition (5), and selfishness (9).”
From Oxytocin, the peptide that bonds the sexes also divides them (2016) · cites this paper as [5]
There is increasing evidence that oxytocin may often produce opposite effects in social salience and motivational domains in men and women.
“there is increasing evidence that it may often produce opposite effects in these domains in men and women (5 -7)”
From Oxytocin, the peptide that bonds the sexes also divides them (2016) · cites this paper as [5]
Intranasal OT facilitated kinship recognition in women, but not men.
“facilitated kinship recognition in women, but not men (Fischer-Shofty et al., 2013)”
From Vasopressin and oxytocin receptor systems in the brain: Sex differences and sex-specific regulation of social behavior (2016) · cites this paper as Fischer-Shofty et al., 2013
Recent experimental evidence points to sex-dimorphic effects of OT nasal spray in humans.
“is in agreement with recent experimental evidence pointing to the sex-dimorphic effects of OT nasal spray in humans [19], [45] [56], [57].”
From A direct examination of the effect of intranasal administration of oxytocin on approach-avoidance motor responses to emotional stimuli (2013) · cites this paper as [56]
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The Social Salience Hypothesis of Oxytocin
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“perception of competition in men, and kinship in women (43).”
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“, 2013), and facilitated kinship recognition in women, but not men (Fischer-Shofty et al., 2013).”
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“However, in light of accumulating evidence implying sexual-dimorphic effects of OXT on reproductive behavior, social cognition and emotional processing (Domes et al., 2010; Lischke et al., 2012; Fischer-Shofty et al., 2013; Lynn et al., 2014; Preckel et al., 2014; Rilling et al., 2014; Scheele et al., 2014b; Yao et al…”
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“The authors concluded that ‘gender differences in OT may be evident in different categories of social behaviors’ (Fischer-Shofty et al., 2012).”
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“…al., 2009, 2011; Alvares et al., 2010; Rockliff et al., 2011), but others yield direct evidence for potential sex-specific effects of this neuropeptide Fischer-Shofty et al., 2013; Theodoridou et al., 2013; for a recent review on the role of sex in individual responses to OT see MacDonald, 2012).”
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- Authors
- Fischer-Shofty, M., Levkovitz, Y., & Shamay-Tsoory, S. G.
- Affiliations
- Shalvata Mental Health Center (IL)
- Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, and 2Shalvata Mental Health Care Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
- Venue
- Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2012-03-24
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 313-317
- ISSN
- 1749-5016 (ISSN-L)
- 1749-5024
- PMC
- PMC3594723
- OpenAlex
- W2159658410
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 22.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Israel Science Foundation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Keywords
- oxytocin, social perception, kin recognition, intimacy, sex differences, interpersonal perception
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Competitive Behavior, Double-Blind Method, Emotions, Family, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Oxytocin, Sex Characteristics, Social Perception, Cross-Over Studies, Recognition, Psychology, Young Adult
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