Effects of intranasal oxytocin on 'compassion focused imagery'
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This study explored the effects of oxytocin on Compassion Focused Imagery (CFI), that is, imagining another "mind" being deeply compassionate to oneself, and the interaction of these effects with self-criticism and feeling socially safe with others. Forty-four healthy participants (29 men and 15 women) completed self-report measures of self-criticism, attachment style, and social safeness before taking part in a double-blind randomized placebo controlled study. They attended two imagery sessions, receiving oxytocin in one and a placebo in the other. Positive affect was measured before and after each imagery session, and "imagery experience" was assessed after each session. Overall, oxytocin increased the ease of imagining compassionate qualities but there were important individual differences in how CFI was experienced. Participants higher in self-criticism, lower in self-reassurance, social safeness, and attachment security had less positive experiences of CFI under oxytocin than placebo, indicating that the effects of oxytocin on affiliation may depend on attachment and self-evaluative styles.
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Exogenous oxytocin increased compassion-focused imagery only in individuals with higher attachment security.
“another found that it increased compassion-focused imagery but only in individuals with higher attachment security (Rockliff et al., 2011).”
From The evolved nest, oxytocin functioning, and prosocial development (2023) · cites this paper as Rockliff et al., 2011
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“Compassion induction is related to increased parasympathetic arousal, endorphin and oxytocin release, and reduced sympathetic–adrenomedullary system arousal (Kirschner, et al., 2019; Rockliff et al., 2011).”
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Oxytocin, Postnatal Depression, and Parenting
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“…in both sexes (for evidence of absence of sex-dimorphic effects of OT see Ditzen et al., 2009; Theodoridou et al., 2009, 2011; Alvares et al., 2010; Rockliff et al., 2011), but others yield direct evidence for potential sex-specific effects of this neuropeptide Fischer-Shofty et al., 2013;…”
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Shamed by a parent or by others: the role of attachment in shame memories relation to depression
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Self-citationMindfulness-Based Interventions for Psoriasis: a Randomized Controlled Trial
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The compassionate kitbag: a creative and integrative approach to compassion-focused therapy
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“, 2010), and another found that it increased compassion-focused imagery but only in individuals with higher attachment security (Rockliff et al., 2011).”
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Self-citationSelf-compassion in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for chronic pain: A pilot study
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Compassion Focused Group Therapy for Recovery after Psychosis
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Self-citationPlasma oxytocin is modulated by mental training, but does not mediate its stress-buffering effect
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- Authors
- Rockliff, H., Karl, A., McEwan, K., Gilbert, J., Matos, M., & Gilbert, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Venue
- Emotion
- Published
- 2011-12
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1388-1396
- ISSN
- 1528-3542 (ISSN-L)
- 1931-1516
- OpenAlex
- W2159826578
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 16.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Emotion (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Derby Online Research Archive. (University of Derby) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Compassionate Mind Foundation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Keywords
- oxytocin, self-criticism, social safeness, attachment security, self-reassurance, positive affect, individual differences, affiliation, placebo effect
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Intranasal, Adult, Affect, Double-Blind Method, Empathy, Female, Humans, Imagination, Individuality, Male, Object Attachment, Oxytocin, Self Concept, Sex Factors
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