The heart's content: The association between positive psychological well-being and cardiovascular health.

Boehm, Julia K.; Kubzansky, Laura D.

doi:10.1037/a0027448

Cited by 909Psychological Well-being and Life SatisfactionOptimism, Hope, and Well-beingCardiac Health and Mental Health

The heart's content: The association between positive psychological well-being and cardiovascular health.

Boehm, Julia K., Kubzansky, Laura D.·2012·Psychological Bulletin

DOI 10.1037/a0027448

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Abstract

This review investigates the association between positive psychological well-being (PPWB) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We also consider the mechanisms by which PPWB may be linked with CVD, focusing on the health behaviors (e.g., smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, sleep quality and quantity, and food consumption) and biological functions (e.g., cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic processes) that are most relevant for cardiovascular health. Because PPWB is a broad concept, not all aspects of PPWB may be associated with cardiovascular health. Thus, we distinguish between eudaimonic well-being, hedonic well-being, optimism, and other measures of well-being when reviewing the literature. Findings suggest that PPWB protects consistently against CVD, independently of traditional risk factors and ill-being. Specifically, optimism is most robustly associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular events. In general, PPWB is also positively associated with restorative health behaviors and biological function and inversely associated with deteriorative health behaviors and biological function. Cardiovascular health is more consistently associated with optimism and hedonic well-being than with eudaimonic well-being, although this could be due in part to more limited evidence being available concerning eudaimonic well-being. Some similarities were also evident across different measures of PPWB, which is likely due to measurement overlap. A theoretical context for this research is provided, and suggestions for future research are given, including the need for additional prospective investigations and research that includes multiple constructs of psychological well-being and ill-being.

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Positive psychological factors can promote healthier cardiovascular function via either health-promoting effects on biological processes such as inflammation or buffering effects whereby reactivity to stressful experiences is mitigated or less potent, although study findings are not fully consistent.
“Positive psychological factors can promote healthier cardiovascular function via either health-promoting effects on biological processes such as inflammation or buffering effects whereby reactivity to stressful experiences is mitigated or less potent, although study findings are not fully consistent. 53,125”
From Psychological Health, Well-Being, and the Mind-Heart-Body Connection: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2021) · cites this paper as [53]
Increased vagal control may have benefits for healthy individuals, as increases in vagal activity promote relaxation and restoration of the organism, thus increasing general well-being and resilience.
“In addition, increased vagal control may have benefits for healthy individuals, as increases in vagal activity promote relaxation and restoration of the organism, thus increasing general well-being and resilience87–90.”
From Voluntary upregulation of heart rate variability through biofeedback is improved by mental contemplative training (2019) · cites this paper as [88]
Although some pathways are shared across negative and positive psychological factors, specific manifestations of psychological health may have distinct biobehavioral effects.
“Although some pathways are shared across negative and positive psychological factors, 11,53,77,94,95 specific manifestations of psychological health may also have distinct biobehavioral effects. 96”
From Psychological Health, Well-Being, and the Mind-Heart-Body Connection: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2021) · cites this paper as [53]
The established benefits of PP on mood, resilience, well-being, and optimism are associated with increased physical activity.
“Regarding direct effects of PP on activity, the established benefits of PP on mood, resilience, well-being, and optimism (pathway B1) [41, 54, 124, 125] are associated with increased physical activity (pathway B2) [48, 88, 123, 131, 132].”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [131]

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Optimism in Relation to Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in Older Men: The VA Normative Aging Study
Ikeda, A., Schwartz, J., Peters, J. L., Fang, S., Spiro, A., Sparrow, D., Vokonas, P., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2011) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3182312497 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Effects of Stress on Body Weight: Biological and Psychological Predictors of Change in BMI
Roberts, C., Troop, N. A., Connan, F., Treasure, J. L., & Campbell, I. C. (2007) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2007.363 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Insomnia and well-being.
Hamilton, N. A., Gallagher, M. W., Preacher, K. J., Stevens, N. R., Nelson, C. A., Karlson, C., & McCurdy, D. (2007) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.75.6.939 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Reduced positive affect (anhedonia) predicts major clinical events following implantation of coronary‐artery stents
Denollet, J., Pedersen, S. S., Daemen, J., de Jaegere, P. P. T., Serruys, P. W. J. C., & van Domburg, R. T. (2007) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2007.01870.x · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Resilience is associated with better recovery in Chinese people diagnosed with coronary heart disease
Chan, I. W. S., Lai, J. C. L., & Wong, K. W. N. (2006) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/14768320500215137 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Benefit Finding and Physical Health: Positive Psychological Changes and Enhanced Allostasis
Bower, J. E., Low, C. A., Moskowitz, J. T., Sepah, S., & Epel, E. S. (2007) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00038.x · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Predictors of problem drinking and alcohol dependence in a population-based sample of female twins.
Prescott, C. A., Neale, M. C., Corey, L. A., & Kendler, K. S. (1997) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.1997.58.167 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Effects of hostility on ambulatory blood pressure and mood during daily living in healthy adults.
Räikkönen, K., Matthews, K. A., Flory, J. D., & Owens, J. F. (1999) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.18.1.44 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Positive and Negative Attributes and Risk for Coronary and Aortic Calcification in Healthy Women
Matthews, K. A., Owens, J. F., Edmundowicz, D., Lee, L., & Kuller, L. H. (2006) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000221274.21709.d0 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Psychological well-being in great Britain: An evaluation of the Bradburn Affect Balance Scale
Harding, S. (1982) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(82)90031-9 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Psychoanalytic observations in cardiac disorders
Menninger, K. A., & Menninger, W. C. (1936) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(36)90371-x · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Randomized controlled trials of positive affect and self-affirmation to facilitate healthy behaviors in patients with cardiopulmonary diseases: Rationale, trial design, and methods
Charlson, M. E., Boutin‐Foster, C., Mancuso, C. A., Peterson, J. C., Ogedegbe, G. G., Briggs, W. M., Robbins, L. P., Isen, A. M., & Allegrante, J. P. (2007) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2007.03.002 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Evaluating the effectiveness of psychosocial resilience training for heart health, and the added value of promoting physical activity: a cluster randomized trial of the READY program.
Burton, N. W., Pakenham, K. I., & Brown, W. J. (2009) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-427 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Regular alcohol consumption is associated with increasing quality of life and mood in older men and women: The Rancho Bernardo Study
Chan, A. M., von Mühlen, D. G., Kritz‐Silverstein, D. C., & Barrett-Connor, E. L. (2009) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.01.005 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
No Strain, No Gain: Psychosocial Predictors of Physical Activity Across the Adult Lifespan
Cotter, K. A., & Lachman, M. E. (2010) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.7.5.584 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Psychological Well-Being and Ill-Being: Do They Have Distinct or Mirrored Biological Correlates?
symptom・・・CES-D, 高いと抑うつ傾向、α, 行はwell-beingとBiomarker, & 列はill-beingとBiomarker (2010) · Cited by 72 · see citing works

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Subjective wellbeing, health, and ageing
Steptoe, A., Deaton, A., & Stone, A. A. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61489-0 · Cited by 2,538 · see citing works
Stress and Cardiovascular Disease: An Update on Current Knowledge
Steptoe, A., & Kivimäki, M. (2013) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031912-114452 · Cited by 879 · see citing works
Psychological Health, Well-Being, and the Mind-Heart-Body Connection: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Levine, G. N., Cohen, B. E., Commodore-Mensah, Y., Fleury, J., Huffman, J. C., Khalid, U., Labarthe, D. R., Lavretsky, H., Michos, E. D., Spatz, E. S., et al. (2021) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000947 · Cited by 865 · see citing works
Self-citation
How Positive Emotions Build Physical Health: Perceived Positive Social Connections Account for the Upward Spiral Between Positive Emotions and Vagal Tone
Kok, B. E., Coffey, K. A., Cohn, M. A., Catalino, L. I., Vacharkulksemsuk, T., Algoe, S. B., Brantley, M., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2013) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797612470827 · Cited by 755 · see citing works
A multidimensional approach to measuring well-being in students: Application of the PERMA framework
Kern, M. L., Waters, L. E., Adler, A., & White, M. A. (2015) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2014.936962 · Cited by 743 · see citing works
If, Why, and When Subjective Well‐Being Influences Health, and Future Needed Research
Diener, E., Pressman, S. D., Hunter, J. F., & Delgadillo‐Chase, D. (2017) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12090 · Cited by 721 · see citing works
The relationship between mental and physical health: insights from the study of heart rate variability
Kemp, A. H., & Quintana, D. S. (2013) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.06.018 · Cited by 538 · see citing works
Positive interventions: An emotion regulation perspective.
Quoidbach, J., Mikolajczak, M., & Gross, J. J. (2015) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0038648 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Personality, Well-Being, and Health*
Friedman, H. S., & Kern, M. L. (2014) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115123 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
Novel Models for Delivering Mental Health Services and Reducing the Burdens of Mental Illness
Kazdin, A. E., & Rabbitt, S. M. (2013) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702612463566 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Psychological Language on Twitter Predicts County-Level Heart Disease Mortality
Eichstaedt, J. C., Schwartz, H. A., Kern, M. L., Park, G., Labarthe, D. R., Merchant, R. M., Jha, S., Agrawal, M., Dziurzynski, L., Sap, M., et al. (2015) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797614557867 · Cited by 487 · see citing works
Mindfulness on-the-go: Effects of a mindfulness meditation app on work stress and well-being
Bostock, S., Crosswell, A. D., Prather, A. A., & Steptoe, A. (2019) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/ocp0000118 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Positive Psychology: A Personal History
Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095653 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Positive Affect and Health: What Do We Know and Where Next Should We Go?
Pressman, S. D., Jenkins, B. N., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2019) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-102955 · Cited by 452 · see citing works
Purpose in Life and Its Relationship to All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Events: A Meta-Analysis
Cohen, R., Bavishi, C., & Rozanski, A. (2016) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000274 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Positive Psychological Well-Being and Cardiovascular Disease
Kubzansky, L. D., Huffman, J. C., Boehm, J. K., Hernandez, R., Kim, E. S., Koga, H. K., Feig, E. H., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Seligman, M. E. P., & Labarthe, D. R. (2018) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.07.042 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Self-citation
Affective science and health: The importance of emotion and emotion regulation.
DeSteno, D. A., Gross, J. J., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2013) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0030259 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Self-citation
Happiness and Health
Steptoe, A. (2019) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040218-044150 · Cited by 474 · see citing works
Interpersonal mechanisms linking close relationships to health.
Pietromonaco, P. R., & Collins, N. L. (2017) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0000129 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
COVID-19 pandemic: the effects of quarantine on cardiovascular risk
Mattioli, A. V., Puviani, M. B., Nasi, M., & Farinetti, A. (2020) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/s41430-020-0646-z · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Positive Emotions at Work
Diener, E., Thapa, S., & Tay, L. (2020) · Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012119-044908 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
U.S. Health in International Perspective: Shorter Lives, Poorer Health
(2016) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed-d-16-00227 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Why Does Positive Mental Health Buffer Against Psychopathology? An Exploratory Study on Self-Compassion as a Resilience Mechanism and Adaptive Emotion Regulation Strategy
Trompetter, H. R., de Kleine, E., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2017) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-016-9774-0 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Subjective Well-Being: Measuring Happiness, Suffering, and Other Dimensions of Experience
Stone, A. A., & Mackie, C. (2013) · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Mindfulness meditation, well-being, and heart rate variability: a preliminary investigation into the impact of intensive Vipassana meditation
Krygier, J. R., Heathers, J. A. J., Shahrestani, S., Abbott, M., Gross, J. J., & Kemp, A. H. (2013) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.06.017 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Nostalgia fosters self-continuity: Uncovering the mechanism (social connectedness) and consequence (eudaimonic well-being)
Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Cheung, W.-Y., Routledge, C., Hepper, E. G., Arndt, J., Vail, K., Zhou, X., Brackstone, K., & Vingerhoets, A. J. J. M. (2016) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000136 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Entrepreneurship and Eudaimonic Well-Being: Five Venues for New Science
Ryff, C. (2018) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2018.09.003 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Dispositional optimism and physical health: A long look back, a quick look forward.
Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (2018) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0000384 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
The Impact of Subjective Well-being on Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies in the General Population
Martín‐María, N., Miret, M., Caballero, F. F., Rico‐Uribe, L. A., Steptoe, A., Chatterji, S., & Ayuso‐Mateos, J. L. (2016) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000444 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Psychological well-being as part of the public health debate? Insight into dimensions, interventions, and policy
Trudel‐Fitzgerald, C., Millstein, R. A., von Hippel, C. D., Howe, C. J., Tomasso, L. P., Wagner, G. R., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2019) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-019-8029-x · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Personality traits as risk factors for stroke and coronary heart disease mortality: pooled analysis of three cohort studies
Jokela, M., Pulkki-Råback, L., Elovainio, M., & Kivimäki, M. (2014) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-013-9548-z · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Psychological Well-Being and Physical Health: Associations, Mechanisms, and Future Directions
Hernandez, R., Bassett, S. M., Boughton, S. W., Schuette, S. A., Shiu, E. W., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2018) · Emotion Review · doi:10.1177/1754073917697824 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
“We include multiple operationalizations of psychological well-being including life purpose, emotional vitality, positive affect, life satisfaction, happiness, and optimism (Boehm & Kubzansky, 2012; Ryff, Singer, & Love, 2004).”
BackgroundMethod
Does happiness itself directly affect mortality? The prospective UK Million Women Study
Liu, B., Floud, S., Pirie, K., Green, J., Peto, R., & Beral, V. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)01087-9 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Eudaimonic and Hedonic Well-Being
Ryff, C. D., Boylan, J. M., & Kirsch, J. A. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197512531.003.0005 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Does Happiness Promote Career Success? Revisiting the Evidence
Walsh, L. C., Boehm, J. K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2018) · Journal of Career Assessment · doi:10.1177/1069072717751441 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Self-citation
Characterizing Geographic Variation in Well-Being Using Tweets
Schwartz, H. A., Eichstaedt, J. C., Kern, M. L., Dziurzynski, L., Lucas, R. E., Agrawal, M., Park, G., Lakshmikanth, S. K., Jha, S., Seligman, M. E. P., et al. (2021) · Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media · doi:10.1609/icwsm.v7i1.14442 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Optimism is associated with exceptional longevity in 2 epidemiologic cohorts of men and women
Lee, L. O., James, P., Zevon, E. S., Kim, E. S., Trudel-Fitzgerald, C., Spiro, A., Grodstein, F., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1900712116 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Self-citation
The American Heart Association 2030 Impact Goal: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association
Angell, S. Y., McConnell, M. V., Anderson, C. A. M., Bibbins-Domingo, K. B., Boyle, D. S., Capewell, S., Ezzati, M., de Ferranti, S. D., Gaskin, D. J., Goetzel, R. Z., et al. (2020) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000758 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Sense of purpose as a psychological resource for aging well.
Windsor, T. D., Curtis, R. G., & Luszcz, M. A. (2015) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0000023 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Relationships between positive psychological constructs and health outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review
DuBois, C. M., Lopez, O. V., Beale, E. E., Healy, B. C., Boehm, J. K., & Huffman, J. C. (2015) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.121 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Self-citation
2025 ESC Clinical Consensus Statement on mental health and cardiovascular disease: developed under the auspices of the ESC Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee
Bueno, H., Deaton, C., Farrero, M., Forsyth, F., Braunschweig, F., Buccheri, S., Dragan, S. R., Gevaert, S., Held, C., Kurpas, D., et al. (2025) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf191 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Positive affect and sleep: A systematic review
Ong, A. D., Kim, S. Y., Young, S., & Steptoe, A. (2016) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2016.07.006 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Maintaining Healthy Behavior: a Prospective Study of Psychological Well-Being and Physical Activity
Kim, E. S., Kubzansky, L. D., Soo, J., & Boehm, J. K. (2016) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-016-9856-y · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Self-citation
Optimism and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study
Kim, E. S., Hagan, K. A., Grodstein, F., DeMeo, D. L., De Vivo, I., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2017) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kww182 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Self-citation
Association Between Purpose in Life and Objective Measures of Physical Function in Older Adults
Kim, E. S., Kawachi, I., Chen, Y., & Kubzansky, L. (2017) · JAMA psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.2145 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citation
Is Optimism Associated With Healthier Cardiovascular-Related Behavior?: Meta-Analyses of 3 Health Behaviors
Boehm, J. K., Chen, Y., Koga, H., Mathur, M. B., Vie, L. L., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2018) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.117.310828 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Self-citation
Personality Traits and Chronic Disease: Implications for Adult Personality Development
Sutin, A. R., Zonderman, A. B., Ferrucci, L., & Terracciano, A. (2013) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbt036 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Why People Are in a Generally Good Mood
Diener, E., Satoshi Kanazawa, A., Suh, E. M., & Oishi, S. (2014) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868314544467 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
The Meanings of Salutogenesis
Mittelmark, M. B., & Bauer, G. F. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-04600-6_2 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
A systematic review of gratitude interventions: Effects on physical health and health behaviors
Boggiss, A. L., Consedine, N. S., Brenton-Peters, J., Hofman, P. L., & Serlachius, A. S. (2020) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110165 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Psychoemotional risk factors for non-communicable diseases in outpatient practice. Guidelines for internists
Drapkina, O. M., Shishkova, V. N., & Kotova, M. B. (2022) · CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY AND PREVENTION · doi:10.15829/1728-8800-2022-3438 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Sustained striatal activity predicts eudaimonic well-being and cortisol output
Heller, A. S., van Reekum, C. M., Schaefer, S. M., Lapate, R. C., Radler, B. T., Ryff, C. D., & Davidson, R. J. (2013) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797613490744 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
The impact of a brief gratitude intervention on subjective well-being, biology and sleep
Jackowska, M., Brown, J., Ronaldson, A., & Steptoe, A. (2015) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105315572455 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Parental Warmth and Flourishing in Mid-life
Chen, Y., Kubzansky, L., & VanderWeele, T. (2018) · Social Science & Medicine (1967) · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.10.026 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Self-citation
Positive psychological attributes and cardiac outcomes: associations, mechanisms, and interventions
DuBois, C. M., Beach, S. R., Kashdan, T. B., Nyer, M. B., Park, E. R., Celano, C. M., & Huffman, J. C. (2012) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/j.psym.2012.04.004 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Formal social participation protects physical health through enhanced mental health: A longitudinal mediation analysis using three consecutive waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)
Santini, Z. I., Jose, P. E., Koyanagi, A., Meilstrup, C., Nielsen, L., Madsen, K. R., & Koushede, V. (2020) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112906 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Towards a greater global understanding of wellbeing: A proposal for a more inclusive measure
Lambert, L., Lomas, T., van de Weijer, M. P., Passmore, H. A., Joshanloo, M., Harter, J., Ishikawa, Y., Lai, A., Kitagawa, T., Chen, D., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Wellbeing · doi:10.5502/ijw.v10i2.1037 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Does positivity enhance work performance?: Why, when, and what we don’t know
Tenney, E. R., Poole, J. M., & Diener, E. (2016) · Research in Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.riob.2016.11.002 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
A Positive Psychology Intervention Program in a Culturally-Diverse University: Boosting Happiness and Reducing Fear
Lambert, L., Passmore, H.-A., & Joshanloo, M. (2019) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-018-9993-z · Cited by 129 · see citing works
The Neural Basis of Optimism and Pessimism
Hecht, D. (2013) · Experimental Neurobiology · doi:10.5607/en.2013.22.3.173 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology
(2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
The role of gratitude in spiritual well-being in asymptomatic heart failure patients.
Mills, P. J., Redwine, L., Wilson, K., Pung, M. A., Chinh, K., Greenberg, B. H., Lunde, O., Maisel, A., Raisinghani, A., Wood, A., et al. (2015) · Spirituality in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1037/scp0000050 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Enjoyment of life and declining physical function at older ages: a longitudinal cohort study
Steptoe, A., de Oliveira, C. M., Demakakos, P., & Zaninotto, P. (2014) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.131155 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Unraveling the Genetic and Environmental Relationship Between Well-Being and Depressive Symptoms Throughout the Lifespan
Baselmans, B. M. L., Willems, Y. E., van Beijsterveldt, C. E. M., Ligthart, L., Willemsen, G. A. H. M., Dolan, C. V., Boomsma, D. I., & Bartels, M. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00261 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Optimism versus pessimism as predictors of physical health: A comprehensive reanalysis of dispositional optimism research.
Scheier, M. F., Swanson, J. D., Barlow, M. A., Greenhouse, J. B., Wrosch, C., & Tindle, H. A. (2020) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0000666 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Mental Stress and Cardiovascular Health—Part I
Vancheri, F., Longo, G., Vancheri, E., & Henein, M. Y. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11123353 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Psychological and biological resilience modulates the effects of stress on epigenetic aging
Harvanek, Z. M., Fogelman, N., Xu, K., & Sinha, R. (2021) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-021-01735-7 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development
Huffman, J. C., DuBois, C. M., Millstein, R. A., Celano, C. M., & Wexler, D. (2015) · Journal of Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2015/428349 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Positive Psychology and Physical Health
Park, N., Peterson, C., Szvarca, D., Molen, R. J. V., Kim, E. S., & Collon, K. W. (2014) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/1559827614550277 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
The Protective Role of Positive Well-Being in Cardiovascular Disease: Review of Current Evidence, Mechanisms, and Clinical Implications
Sin, N. L. (2016) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-016-0792-z · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Homeostatic theory of obesity
Marks, D. F. (2015) · Health Psychology Open · doi:10.1177/2055102915590692 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Unequally Distributed Psychological Assets: Are There Social Disparities in Optimism, Life Satisfaction, and Positive Affect?
Boehm, J. K., Chen, Y., Williams, D. R., Ryff, C., & Kubzansky, L. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118066 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citation
The scientific value of numerical measures of human feelings
Kaiser, C., & Oswald, A. J. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2210412119 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
From psychological moments to mortality: a multidisciplinary synthesis on heart rate variability spanning the continuum of time
Kemp, A. H., Koenig, J., & Thayer, J. F. (2017) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.006 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Sustained enjoyment of life and mortality at older ages: analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Zaninotto, P., Wardle, J., & Steptoe, A. (2016) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.i6267 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Positive Youth Development and Adolescent Depression: A Longitudinal Study Based on Mainland Chinese High School Students
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Wellbeing and Society: Towards Quantification of the Co-benefits of Wellbeing
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Positive psychological well-being and cardiovascular health
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Reprint of: Positive Psychological Well-Being and Cardiovascular Disease
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Authors: Boehm, J. K., & Kubzansky, L. D.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
ORCID: Boehm, Julia K.
Kubzansky, Laura D.
Venue: Psychological Bulletin
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2012-07
Volume: 138
Issue: 4
Pages: 655-691
ISSN: 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
1939-1455
DOI: 10.1037/a0027448
OpenAlex: W1992124339
Semantic Scholar: 9a31baf540b364acfdb858c5723b82008197842c
Cited by: 909
References: 244
Citations by year: 2026: 39 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 81 · 2022: 91 · 2021: 82 · 2020: 121 · 2019: 70 · 2018: 65 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 64.47
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
Keywords: positive psychological well-being, cardiovascular disease, optimism, eudaimonic well-being, hedonic well-being, health behavior, inflammation, metabolism, cardiovascular risk factors, sleep quality, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, dietary intake
MeSH terms: Attitude, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Happiness, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Mental Health, Models, Theoretical, Personal Satisfaction, Psychological Theory, Risk Factors, Sleep, Stress, Psychological, Health Behavior, Personal Autonomy, Sense of Coherence

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The heart's content: The association between positive psychological well-being and cardiovascular health.

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