Convergence and segregation of ventral striatal inputs and outputs
Abstract
The ventral striatum, which prominently includes the nucleus accumbens (Acb), is a heterogeneous area. Within the Acb of rats, a peripherally located shell and a centrally situated core can be recognized that have different connectional, neurochemical, and functional identities. Although the Acb core resembles in many respects the dorsally adjacent caudate-putamen complex in its striatal character, the Acb shell has, in addition to striatal features, a more diverse array of neurochemical characteristics, and afferent and efferent connections. Inputs and outputs of the Acb, in particular of the shell, are inhomogeneously distributed, resulting in a mosaical arrangement of concentrations of afferent fibers and terminals and clusters of output neurons. To determine the precise relationships between the distributional patterns of various afferents (e.g., from the prefrontal cortex, the basal amygdaloid complex, the hippocampal formation, and the midline/intralaminar thalamic nuclei) and efferents to the ventral pallidum and mesencephalon, neuroanatomical anterograde and retrograde tracing experiments were carried out. The results of the double anterograde, double retrograde, and anterograde/retrograde tracing experiments indicate that various parts of the shell (dorsomedial, ventromedial, ventral, and lateral) and the core (medial and lateral) have different input-output characteristics. Furthermore, within these Acb regions, various populations of neurons can be identified, arranged in a cluster-like fashion, onto which specific sets of afferents converge and that project to particular output stations, distinct from the input-output relationships of neighboring, cluster-like neuronal populations. These results support the idea that the nucleus accumbens may consist of a collection of neuronal ensembles with different input-output relationships and, presumably, different functional characteristics.
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The glutamatergic innervations to the ventral striatum come from various limbic regions, including the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus, and vary with mediolateral topography.
“The glutamatergic innervations to the ventral striatum come from various limbic regions, including the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus, and vary with mediolateral topography (for the nucleus accumbens, see Groenewegen et al., 1999).”
From Dopamine reward circuitry: Two projection systems from the ventral midbrain to the nucleus accumbens–olfactory tubercle complex (2007) · cites this paper as Groenewegen et al., 1999
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- Authors
- GROENEWEGEN, H. J., WRIGHT, C. I., BEIJER, A. V. J., & VOORN, P.
- Affiliations
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- GROENEWEGEN, HENK J.
- Venue
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1999-06
- Volume
- 877
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 49-63
- ISSN
- 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
- 1749-6632
- OpenAlex
- W2052329772
- Cited by
- 684
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 37
- FWCI
- 1.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- nucleus accumbens, ventral striatum, nucleus accumbens shell, nucleus accumbens core, neuronal ensembles, afferent projections, efferent projections, ventral pallidum, midbrain, prefrontal cortex, basal amygdala, hippocampal formation, thalamic nuclei, caudate-putamen, neural tracing
- MeSH terms
- Afferent Pathways, Amygdala, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Humans, Nerve Fibers, Neural Pathways, Neurons, Nucleus Accumbens, Putamen, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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